View source for Al-Khalid Pakistan Main Battle Tank (MBT)

{
    "tiers": [
        false,
        true,
        false,
        false
    ],
    "categories": [
        "WEG",
        "Tanks",
        "Main Battle Tanks",
        "China, People's Republic of",
        "Tier2",
        "Pakistan",
        "Land",
        "PRO_Bangladesh",
        "PRO_China",
        "PRO_Morocco",
        "PRO_Myanmar",
        "PRO_Pakistan"
    ],
    "notes": "The Al-Khalid (Urdu: الخالد ٹینک‎—Al-Xālid Ṫaiŋk, pronounced [əl-ˈxɑːlɪd̪ ʈæːŋk] literally \"The Eternal Tank\") is a main battle tank jointly developed by Pakistan and China during the 1990s, based on the Chinese Type 90-IIM tank.[7] The original prototype was developed by China North Industries Corporation (Norinco) under the name MBT-2000, and Norinco also offered the tank for export. Around 310 Al Khalid MBTs had been produced by 2014. The Bangladesh Army ordered 44 MBT-2000s from China in 2011. The Norinco-made MBT-2000 is also used by the Royal Moroccan Army. It was trialled by the Peruvian Army for possible acquisition, but was not purchased due to financial problems.\n\nOperated by a crew of three and armed with a 125 mm smooth-bore tank gun that is reloaded automatically, the tank uses a fire-control system and night-fighting equipment. Al-Khalid is named after the 7th-century Muslim commander Khalid bin al-Walid (592–642 AD).\n\nThe current production variant of the Al-Khalid uses a diesel engine and transmission supplied by the KMDB design bureau of Ukraine. The first production models entered service with the Pakistan Army in 2001. The country placed an order with Ukraine to further upgrade the tanks with a new engine.\n\nAl-Khalid is designed with a 125 mm bore, 48 calibre long smoothbore, auto-frettaged and chrome-plated gun barrel which is manufactured from highly stiff electroslag remelting steel. The gun is then put under stringent quality control process to ensure standard barrel life of 1,100 rounds EFC; barrels that cannot pass this test are rejected. This gun provides very high internal chamber pressures for APFSDS, HEAT FS and guided missiles. The gun can also fire the following types of conventional ammunition: APFSDS, HEAT-FS and HE-FS. The gun is a modified variant of both the ZPT-98 and KBA-3 series of 125 mm smooth bore gun for Al-Khalid MBT which provided compatibility with Ukrainian ATGMs such as Kombat. The gun retains qualities of both Chinese and Ukrainians mated with indigenous design for better and accurate firepower on stationary and moving targets alike. The Gun-launched, laser-guided anti-tank guided missiles can also be launched.",
    "dateOfIntroduction": 2001,
    "countryOfOrigin": "China, People's Republic of",
    "proliferation": "Bangladesh, China, Morocco, Myanmar, Pakistan",
    "selectedregions": [],
    "checkedregions": [],
    "checkedcountries": [
        "Bangladesh",
        "China",
        "Morocco",
        "Myanmar",
        "Pakistan"
    ],
    "dis": {
        "name": "Al-Khalid",
        "string": "01.01.165.001.010.001.000"
    },
    "images": [
        "AlKhalidMBT(B).jpg",
        "AlKhalidMBT(A).jpg",
        "Al_Khalid.jpg"
    ],
    "sections": [
        {
            "name": "System",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Alternative Designation",
                    "value": "MBT-2000, Type 90-11, Al-Khalid"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Date of Introduction",
                    "value": "2000"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Estimated out of Service Date",
                    "value": "2035-2050"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Manufacturer",
                    "value": "NORINCO"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Proliferation",
                    "value": "China: INA, Bangladesh: 44, Morocco: 54, Myanmar: 50. Over 150 total."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Type",
                    "value": "Main Battle Tank"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Status",
                    "value": "In Production"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Family",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Crew",
                    "value": "3",
                    "units": "ea"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Passenger Capacity",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Maximum Effective Range (Road)",
                    "value": "500",
                    "units": "km"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Maximum Effective Range (Main Gun)",
                    "value": "5,000",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Add on Parts",
                    "value": "Yes, Additional Armor"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Dimensions",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Length",
                    "value": "10.33",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Width",
                    "value": "3.5",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Height",
                    "value": "2.4",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Weight, Combat",
                    "value": "48",
                    "units": "tons"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ground Pressure",
                    "value": "INA",
                    "units": "kg/m"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Automotive",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Engine Name",
                    "value": "Ukrainian 1,200 hp 6TD-2 six cylinder turbocharged multi-fuel diesel engine."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Engine Type",
                    "value": "Diesel"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Engine Power",
                    "value": "1,200",
                    "units": "hp"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Cruising Range",
                    "value": "500",
                    "units": "km"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Speed, Maximum Road",
                    "value": "65",
                    "units": "km/h"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Speed, Average Cross",
                    "value": "55"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Speed Maximum Swim",
                    "value": "INA",
                    "units": "km/h"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Gradient",
                    "value": "60",
                    "units": "deg"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Side Slope",
                    "value": "40",
                    "units": "deg"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Vertical Step",
                    "value": "0.85",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Fording Depth",
                    "value": "1.4",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Fording with Preparation",
                    "value": "5",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Tench",
                    "value": "2.7",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Suspension",
                    "value": "Torsion Bar"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Hydraulic Shock Absorbers",
                    "value": "Yes"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Communications",
            "sections": [
                {
                    "name": "TBR-121",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "VHF Transceiver",
                            "value": "Yes"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "VHF Range",
                            "value": "1 to 50",
                            "units": "km"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Proliferated",
                            "value": "Widely"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Digital Data",
                            "value": "Yes, Full"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Control",
                            "value": "Self-Adaptive Control (Including Automatic Antenna Tuner)"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Frequency Agile",
                            "value": "Yes"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Wireless Network Capabilities",
                            "value": "Yes"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Note:",
                            "value": "Very similar in capabilities to the US SINCGARS ASIP"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Main Gun",
            "sections": [
                {
                    "name": "System",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Name",
                            "value": "MBT-2000 Main Gun"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "125 mm smoothbore gun"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Max Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "6-8",
                            "units": "rds/min"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Sustain Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "INA"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Time the Max Rate of Fire can be Sustained",
                            "value": "INA"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Range Finder Type",
                            "value": "Laser"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Loader Type",
                            "value": "Autoloader"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Thermal Jacket",
                            "value": "Yes"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Fume Extractor",
                            "value": "Yes"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition (Option 1)",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "High Explosives (HE)"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Purpose",
                            "value": "High explosive fragmentation fin stabilised. General purpose rounds, for use against infantry, bunkers and light vehicles and other \"soft\" targets."
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "125",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "850",
                            "units": "m/s"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "39 in total any combination"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Maximum Effective Range",
                            "value": "5,000",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Minimum Effective Range",
                            "value": "INA",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Armor Penetration",
                            "value": "Yes"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Max Dispersion",
                            "value": "0.23",
                            "units": "mrad"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Tungsten Rods",
                            "value": "450",
                            "units": "ea"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Charge",
                            "value": "A-IX-2 (73% RDX, 23% aluminium powder, phlegmatized with 4% wax) 3.0 kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Projectile Weight",
                            "value": "23",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Fragments",
                            "value": "2,500",
                            "units": "ea"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Variants",
                            "value": "3VOF22/3OF19, 3VOF36/3OF26, 3VOF128/3OF82"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition (Option 2)",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "High-Explosive Anti-Tank (HEAT)"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Name",
                            "value": "3VBK27/3BK31 \"Start\""
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "125",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "915",
                            "units": "m/s"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "39 in total any combination"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Maximum Effective Range",
                            "value": "3,000",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Minimum Effective Range",
                            "value": "INA",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Armor Penetration",
                            "value": "Estimated at 800 mm triple charge HEAT"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Max Dispersion",
                            "value": "INA"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Charge",
                            "value": "INA"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Charge Weight",
                            "value": "1.62",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Projectile Weight",
                            "value": "18.4",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Variants",
                            "value": "3VBK7/3BK12, 3VBK10/3BK14, 3BK12M, 3BK14M, 3VBK16/3BK18, 3BK18M, 3VBK17/3BK21, 3BK21B, 3VBK21/3BK25, 3VBK25/3BK29 \"Breyk\", 3VBK25M/3BK29M"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition (Option 3)",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding Sabot Tracer or APFSDS-T rounds."
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Name",
                            "value": "3VBM?/3BM69 \"Vacuum-1\""
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "125",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "39 in total any combination"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "2,050",
                            "units": "m/s"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Energy",
                            "value": "15-24",
                            "units": "MJ"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Maximum Effective Range",
                            "value": "3,000",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Minimum Effective Range",
                            "value": "INA",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Projectile Dimension",
                            "value": "900",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Penetration",
                            "value": "1,000",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Projectile Weight",
                            "value": "11",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Note",
                            "value": "Entered service in 2005[5] Utilising a new sabot. Reported to be uranium alloy. For 2A82/2A82-1M cannon on T-80UM-2/T-14s."
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Variants",
                            "value": "1.1\t3VBM3/3BM9/10 1.2 3VBM6/3BM12/13 1.3 3VBM7/3BM15/16 1.4 3VBM8/3BM17/18 1.5 3VBM9/3BM22/23 1.6 3VBM10/3BM29/30 1.7 3VBM11/3BM26/27 1.8 3VBM13/3BM32/33 1.9 3VBM17/3BM42 (3BM44 \"Mango\") 1.10\t3VBM19/3BM42M (3BM44M \"Lekalo\") 1.11\t3VBM20/3BM46 (3BM48 \"Svinets\") 1.12 3VBM22/3BM59 (3BM59 \"Svinets-1\") 1.13\t3VBM23/3BM60 (3BM60 \"Svinets-2\") 1.14\t3VBM?/3BM69 \"Vacuum-1\" 1.15\t3VBM?/3BM70 \"Vacuum-2\""
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Tank Commander's Weapon System",
            "sections": [
                {
                    "name": "System",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Name",
                            "value": "W-85"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "12.7mm Anti-Aircraft Machine Gun"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Max Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "550-600",
                            "units": "rds/min"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Sustain Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "INA"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Time the Max Rate of Fire can be Sustained",
                            "value": "INA"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Range Finder Type",
                            "value": "Iron/Optical"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Feed System",
                            "value": "Belt"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Operation",
                            "value": "Gas Operated, Open Belt"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Traverse",
                            "value": "360",
                            "units": "deg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Elevation Angle",
                            "value": "90",
                            "units": "deg"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "Type 54 Round"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "12.7x108",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "850",
                            "units": "m/s"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "750 (50 Round Belts)",
                            "units": "ea"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Effective Range",
                            "value": "2.5",
                            "units": "km"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Armor Penetration",
                            "value": "Yes"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Mounted",
                            "value": "Co-axially with the 125mm Main Gun"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Loader's Weapon System",
            "sections": [
                {
                    "name": "System",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Name",
                            "value": "Type 80 Chinese Heavy Machine Gun"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "7.62 Coaxial Machine Gun"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Manufacturer",
                            "value": "NORINCO"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Length, Total",
                            "value": "1,192"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Length, Barrel",
                            "value": "658",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Weight (Gun Only)",
                            "value": "12.6",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Weight (With Tripod)",
                            "value": "17.5",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Max Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "700-800",
                            "units": "rds/min"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Sustain Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "INA",
                            "units": "rds/min"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Time the Max Rate of Fire can be Sustained",
                            "value": "INA",
                            "units": "seconds"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Range Finder Type",
                            "value": "Scope"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Action",
                            "value": "Gas-operated, open bolt"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Feed System",
                            "value": "Belts in 100/200/250 round boxes"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Sights",
                            "value": "Open sights. Optical/Night vision scope can be outfitted."
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Variant 1",
                            "value": "Type 80 - The copy of the PKM GPMG, chambered in 7.62×54mmR"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Variant 2",
                            "value": "Type 86 - A machine gun only used for tanks as a secondary weapon."
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Variant 3",
                            "value": "CF06 - An export-only version of the Type 80, which is chambered for 7.62 NATO ammunition."
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Variant 4 (Foreign to China)",
                            "value": "BD-14 - A variant of the Type 80 made by Bangladesh Ordnance Factories under license which uses 7.62×51mm NATO instead of 7.62×54mmR"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "Rifle"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "7.62x54",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "840",
                            "units": "m/s"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "4,000",
                            "units": "ea"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Effective Range",
                            "value": "100-1,500 (With Sight Adjustments)",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Armor Penetration",
                            "value": "Yes"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Fire Control",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Name",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Computerized FCS",
                    "value": "Yes, Image Stablished FCS"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ballistic Computer",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Thermal Sight Tank Commander",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Two-Axis Panoramix Sight (Commander)",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Commander's sight Magnication",
                    "value": "x6 with a 10 deg FOV"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Thermal Sight Gunner",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Two-Axis Stabilised Fixed Roof-Mounted Sight (Gunner)",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Gunner's Sight Magnification",
                    "value": "x3 with a 20 percent FOV and x10 with a 6 deg FOV."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Main Gun Stabilization",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Auto-Tracking Function",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Image-Stabilized Gunner Sight",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Fire Control Computer and Sensors",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Laser Rangfinder",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Automatic Target Tracker (ATT)",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Thermal Imager Module",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Roof Mounted Crosswind/Angular Velocity Sensor",
                    "value": "Yes"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Protection",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Hull Armor",
                    "value": "all-welded steel, Protects from small arms fire and shell splintering"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Turret Armor",
                    "value": "all-welded steel, Protects from small arms fire and shell splintering"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Applique Armor",
                    "value": "Yes, Modular Armor"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Explosive Reactive Armor",
                    "value": "Yes, added to the Glacis Plate, Sides, forward roof, and Vehicle Nose"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Active Protection System",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Mine Clearing",
                    "value": "No"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Self-Entrenching Blade",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NBC Protection",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Smoke Equipment",
                    "value": "Available"
                },
                {
                    "name": "IR Reflective Paint",
                    "value": "yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Anti-Neutron Liner",
                    "value": "Yes"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "variants": [
        {
            "name": "MBT-2000",
            "notes": "The MBT-2000 was developed in China by NORINCO, where it was known as the Type 90-II and was later marketed for export as the MBT-2000. The MBT-2000 developed and offered for export by NORINCO is believed to have very similar specifications as the Al-Khalid and externally appears almost identical. The MBT-2000 has been exported by NORINCO to Bangladesh. The MBT-2000 has a crew of three, a 125 mm smoothbore gun as a main armament, and an all-welded steel construction with additional layer of composite armour over the frontal arc for protection.",
            "page": "MBT-2000 (Type 90-11) Chinese Main Battle Tank (MBT)"
        },
        {
            "name": "VT-1A",
            "notes": "Export Version of the MBT-2000. Bangladesh: 44, Morocco: 54, Myanmar: 50"
        }
    ],
    "type": "WEG",
    "version": 1
}