View source for 2S1 (Gvozdika) Russian 122mm Amphibious Self-Propelled Howitzer (SPH)

{
    "tiers": [
        false,
        false,
        true,
        false
    ],
    "categories": [
        "WEG",
        "Artillery",
        "Gun/Howitzer Artillery Systems",
        "Self-Propelled Gun/Howitzer Artillery Systems",
        "Russia (RUS)",
        "PRO_Algeria",
        "PRO_Angola",
        "PRO_Armenia",
        "PRO_Azerbaijan",
        "PRO_Belarus",
        "PRO_Bosnia and Herzegovina",
        "PRO_Bulgaria",
        "PRO_CFE Treaty",
        "PRO_Congo",
        "PRO_Croatia",
        "PRO_Cuba",
        "PRO_Eritrea",
        "PRO_Ethiopia",
        "PRO_Finland",
        "PRO_Georgia",
        "PRO_India",
        "PRO_Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
        "PRO_Iraq",
        "PRO_Kazakhstan",
        "PRO_Libya",
        "PRO_Myanmar",
        "PRO_Poland",
        "PRO_Russian Federation",
        "PRO_Serbia",
        "PRO_Slovakia",
        "PRO_Syria",
        "PRO_Turkmenistan",
        "PRO_Ukraine",
        "PRO_Uruguay",
        "PRO_Uzbekistan",
        "PRO_Viet Nam",
        "PRO_Yemen",
        "Land",
        "Tier3"
    ],
    "notes": "The 2S1 Gvozdika (Carnation) is a 122 mm self-propelled howitzer designed and manufactured in the Soviet era to provide mechanized forces with an integral artillery asset that could be used to influence a battlefield close to the front line and reduce reliance on divisional assets. While the design is old and its 122 mm gun lacks the range of modern howitzers, the system remains in service with multiple users.\n\nThe 2S1 is mounted on a modified MT-LB chassis. It is used in mechanized formations to provide indirect- and direct-fire support during offensive operations. The vehicles are used by Russia’s regular and Arctic formations, the latter indicates that the vehicles can be fitted with the wider tracks and heaters used on the MT-LBV. The system usually operates as part of a six-man section, this includes the four crew members in the vehicle and two additional loaders that operate from a separate ammunition carrier. This is the preferred method of operation for the vehicle during sustained periods of combat.",
    "dateOfIntroduction": 1971,
    "countryOfOrigin": "Russia (RUS)",
    "proliferation": "Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, CFE Treaty, Congo, Croatia, Cuba, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Finland, Georgia, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Kazakhstan, Libya, Myanmar, Poland, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Syria, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, Yemen",
    "selectedregions": [
        "All Regions"
    ],
    "checkedregions": [],
    "checkedcountries": [
        "Algeria",
        "Angola",
        "Armenia",
        "Azerbaijan",
        "Belarus",
        "Bosnia and Herzegovina",
        "Bulgaria",
        "CFE Treaty",
        "Congo",
        "Croatia",
        "Cuba",
        "Eritrea",
        "Ethiopia",
        "Finland",
        "Georgia",
        "India",
        "Iran (Islamic Republic of)",
        "Iraq",
        "Kazakhstan",
        "Libya",
        "Myanmar",
        "Poland",
        "Russian Federation",
        "Serbia",
        "Slovakia",
        "Syria",
        "Turkmenistan",
        "Ukraine",
        "Uruguay",
        "Uzbekistan",
        "Viet Nam",
        "Yemen"
    ],
    "dis": {
        "name": "122MM SP HOW 2S1",
        "string": "01.01.222.004.002.000.000"
    },
    "images": [
        "2s1_Gvozdika(D).jpg",
        "2s1_Gvozdika(C).jpg",
        "Slovak_2S1_Gvozdika.jpg",
        "2S1_(D).jpg"
    ],
    "sections": [
        {
            "name": "System",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Alternative Designation",
                    "value": "S21 Gvozdika"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Type",
                    "value": "Self-Propelled Howitzer (SPH)"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Manufacturer",
                    "value": "Kharkiv Tractor Plant"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Family",
                    "value": "S21  Artillery Command and Reconnaissance Vehicle (ACRV) family"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Designer",
                    "value": "Kharkov Tractor Plant and OKB-9 Uralmash"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Chassis",
                    "value": "MT-LBu"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Crew",
                    "value": "4",
                    "units": "ea"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Displacement Time",
                    "value": "1",
                    "units": "min"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Emplacement Time",
                    "value": "2",
                    "units": "min"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Dimensions",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Length",
                    "value": "7.26",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Width",
                    "value": "2.85",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Height",
                    "value": "2.73",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Track Length",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Track Width",
                    "value": "400 mm"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Weight, Combat",
                    "value": "15,700 kg"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ground Clearance",
                    "value": "0.395 m to 0.415 m"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Automotive",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Engine Name",
                    "value": "YaMZ-238N"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Engine Type",
                    "value": "V-8, water cooled"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Engine Power",
                    "value": "300",
                    "units": "hp"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Fuel Capacity",
                    "value": "550 liters"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Suspension",
                    "value": "adjustable"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Steering",
                    "value": "clutch and brake"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Amphibous",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Range",
                    "value": "500",
                    "units": "km"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Speed, Maximum Road",
                    "value": "60",
                    "units": "km/h"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Speed, Maximum Off-Road",
                    "value": "30",
                    "units": "km/h"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Speed Maximum Swim",
                    "value": "6",
                    "units": "km/h"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Gradient",
                    "value": "77",
                    "units": "%"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Side Slope",
                    "value": "55",
                    "units": "%"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Vertical Step",
                    "value": "0.7",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Trench",
                    "value": "2.2",
                    "units": "m"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Fording Depth",
                    "value": "INA"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Communications",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Primary",
                    "value": "R-123M"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Secondary",
                    "value": "R55P Radio System,"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Main Weapon System",
            "sections": [
                {
                    "name": "System",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Name",
                            "value": "1 × turret mounted 122mm 2A31 howitzer"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "Howitzer"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "122",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Breech Type",
                            "value": "Horizontal sliding-wedge, semi-automatic"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Length, Barrel",
                            "value": "INA",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Loader Type",
                            "value": "Semi-automatic"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Max Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "4-5",
                            "units": "rds/min"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Sustained Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "1-2",
                            "units": "rds/min"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Brake Type",
                            "value": "Double Baffle"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Max Elevation",
                            "value": "+70",
                            "units": "Deg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Min Elevation",
                            "value": "-3",
                            "units": "Deg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Traverse Range",
                            "value": "360",
                            "units": "Deg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Collimator Type",
                            "value": "K-1"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition (Option 1)",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "HEAT-FS"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "122",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "680",
                            "units": "m/s"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Fuse Type",
                            "value": "GPV-2 PIBD"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Maximum Effective Range (Conventional)",
                            "value": "1,000",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Shell",
                            "value": "separate loading, cased charge"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Armor Penetration",
                            "value": "460mm at 0 degree obliquity any range"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Projectile Weight",
                            "value": "21.58",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "40 Total, any combination of 122mm Projectiles"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition (Option 2)",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "OF-81, FRAG-HE"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "122",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "680",
                            "units": "m/s"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Minumum Range",
                            "value": "1,000",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Maximum Range",
                            "value": "15,300",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Projectile Weight",
                            "value": "21.76",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Fuze Type",
                            "value": "RGM-2 PD"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "40 Total, any combination of 122mm Projectiles"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition (Option 3)",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "Rocket Assisted FRAG-HE"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "122 mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "INA"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Minimum Range",
                            "value": "INA"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Maximum Range",
                            "value": "21,900",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Projectile Weight",
                            "value": "21.76",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "40 Total, any combination of 122mm Projectiles"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Coaxial Weapon System",
            "sections": [
                {
                    "name": "System",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Name",
                            "value": "1 x 7.62mm PK (Kalashnikov's Machine Gun)"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "General-Purpose Machine Gun"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "7.62 mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Manufacturer",
                            "value": "Degtyaryov plant"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Function",
                            "value": "in use as a front-line infantry and vehicle-mounted weapon with Russia's armed forces."
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "In Service",
                            "value": "1961-present"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Max Rate of Fire",
                            "value": "650",
                            "units": "rds/min"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Proliferation",
                            "value": "1 Million +"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Weight (Gun Only)",
                            "value": "9",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Weight (Tripod Only)",
                            "value": "7.7",
                            "units": "kg"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Length (Overall)",
                            "value": "1,203",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Length (Barrel)",
                            "value": "605",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Action",
                            "value": "Gas-operated, open bolt"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Feed System",
                            "value": "Non-disintegrating metal 50 round belts in 100 and 200/250 round ammunition boxes"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Sights",
                            "value": "Tangent iron sights (default); Optical, Night-vision, Thermal and Radar sights"
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "Ammunition",
                    "properties": [
                        {
                            "name": "Type",
                            "value": "Rifle"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Caliber",
                            "value": "7.62",
                            "units": "mm"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Muzzle Velocity",
                            "value": "825",
                            "units": "m/s"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Effective Range (Iron Sights)",
                            "value": "100-1,000",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Effective Range (With Sight Adjustments)",
                            "value": "100,1,500",
                            "units": "m"
                        },
                        {
                            "name": "Basic Load",
                            "value": "250",
                            "units": "ea"
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Fire Control",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Name",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Computerized FCS",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Thermal Sight Vehicle Commander",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Thermal Sight Gunner",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Main Gun Stabilization",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Indirect Fire",
                    "value": "Yes, PG-2 Pantel"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Direct Fire",
                    "value": "Yes, OP 5-37"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Protection",
            "properties": [
                {
                    "name": "Hull Armor",
                    "value": "The hull is built from welded steel and is believed to have a maximum thickness of 15mm. This is believed to be sufficient to protect the vehicle from small-arms fire such as the 7.62 mm B32 round."
                },
                {
                    "name": "Turret Armor",
                    "value": "the turret has a thickness of 20mm"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Applique Armor",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Explosive Reactive Armor",
                    "value": "No"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Active Protection System",
                    "value": "INA"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Mine Clearing",
                    "value": "No"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Self-Entrenching Blade",
                    "value": "No"
                },
                {
                    "name": "NBC Protection",
                    "value": "Yes"
                },
                {
                    "name": "Smoke Equipment",
                    "value": "No"
                },
                {
                    "name": "IR Signature",
                    "value": "INA"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "variants": [
        {
            "name": "2S34 Hosta",
            "notes": "Modernization of the 2S1 with the 122 mm 2A31 gun replaced by the 120 mm 2A80-1 gun-mortar. Further improvements include a new Malakhit fire control system, a battlefield observation system, and the ability to fire the Kitolov-2M guided ammunition. One unit, the 21st Mechanized Brigade in Totskoye is currently being equipped with the system."
        },
        {
            "name": "2S15 \"Norov\"",
            "notes": "A prototype tank destroyer equipped with a radar-based fire control system and a 100 mm gun."
        },
        {
            "name": "Kevlar-E",
            "notes": "Infantry fighting vehicle based on the 2S1 platform, equipped with Shturm remote weapon station and room for 6 passengers in addition to the 3 crew. The original 300 horsepower V8 diesel engine has been replaced with a 420 horsepower diesel engine, produced by Caterpillar, Cummins, or Deutz, increasing the maximum road speed to 70 km/h. Additionally, the vehicle is amphibious and includes air conditioning, a fire detection and suppression system, an NBC system, a navigation system, and night-vision equipment. The variant was first introduced in April 2018."
        },
        {
            "name": "2S1M Goździk",
            "notes": "Version with special amphibious kit that increases the vehicle's amphibious capabilities."
        },
        {
            "name": "2S1T Goździk",
            "notes": "Version with a TOPAZ digital fire control system from WB electronics. The system consists of a FONET-IP digital intercom system, new digital radio, military GPS receiver, military computer, and dedicated software. The same system is used on other Polish Armed Forces artillery systems like the AHS Krab, Dana-T, and WR-40 Langusta."
        },
        {
            "name": "Model 89",
            "notes": "Romanian variant that uses a modified version of the hull of the MLI-84."
        },
        {
            "name": "Raad-1 ('thunder')",
            "notes": "Iranian variant that is based on the hull of the Boragh APC."
        },
        {
            "name": "2S1U",
            "notes": "In March 2019, a Ukrainian company and the Myanmar military have signed a joint-venture agreement to build a plant capable of manufacturing armored personnel carriers (APCs) and self-propelled howitzers. The types of APCs that will be made in the plant are said to be eight-wheeled BTR-4Us while the howitzers will be 2S1Us, which are based on the MT-LBu multipurpose chassis."
        }
    ],
    "type": "WEG",
    "version": 1
}