View source for 71-CO-8502 OPFOR Execute an Ambush

{{Infobox
 |image= [[File:Ambush.png|400px|alt=Ambush]]
 |header1= 
 | label1= Status
 | data1= Approved 25 Feb 2010
 |header2= 
 | label2= Effective Date:
 | data2= 11 Nov 2016
 |header3= 
 | label3= Task Number:
 | data3= 71-CO-8502
 |header4= 
 | label4= Task Title:
 | data4= OPFOR Execute an Ambush
 |header5= 
 | label5= Distribution Restriction:
 | data5= Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
 |header6= 
 | label6= Destruction Notice: 
 | data6= None
 |header7= 
 | label7= Foreign Disclosure: FD1 -
 | data7= This training product has been reviewed by the training developers in coordination with the HQS TRADOC DCS G2
FDO foreign disclosure officer. This training product can be used to instruct international military students from all approved countries without
restrictions.
}}


<youtube>https://youtu.be/Y0tfBr9MJhw</youtube>
Access the '''instructional''' content from a government system here: https://www.milsuite.mil/video/watch/video/23525

<youtube>https://youtu.be/Kcsel0mKwMo</youtube>
Access the '''immersive''' content from a government system here: https://www.milsuite.mil/video/watch/video/13993

== Conditions ==
The OPFOR is conducting operations independently or as part of a larger element or force and receives an operation order (OPORD) or fragmentary order (FRAGORD) to conduct an ambush at a location and time specified. The order includes all applicable overlays and/or graphics. Task organization provides the combat power capabilities to accomplish the ambush task. The OPFOR has communications with higher, adjacent, subordinate, and supporting elements. Friendly force and enemy coalition forces, noncombatants, government agencies, nongovernment organizations, and local and international media may be in the operational environment (OE). The OPFOR is not constrained by standardized Rules of Engagement ( ROE) and does not necessarily comply with international conventions or agreements on the conduct of warfare. Some iterations of this task should be performed in MOPP 4. This task should be trained under IED Threat conditions. 

== Standards ==
The OPFOR conducts an ambush in accordance with (IAW) TC 7-100.2 and/or TC 7-100.3, the order, and/or higher commander's guidance. The OPFOR observes, ambushes, and destroys the enemy element or force in the kill zone or kill zones. The OPFOR, IAW the mission order, kills the enemy and/or captures enemy prisoners, and seizes and/or exploits enemy equipment and materiel in the kill zone. The OPFOR exfiltrates from the ambush site. 

'''NOTE'''

TADSS and Materiel Items quantities are based on an armor company headquarters with two armor platoons, one IFV platoon and one dismounted infantry platoon to replicate non-conventional threat. Adjust as needed based on the force size and type of unit used to replicate the OPFOR

'''NOTE'''

The Objective Task Evaluation Criteria Matrix is provided for reference only. Operational and Training Environments will be IAW the BLUFOR Commanders training plan and guidance. 

'''NOTE'''

Access the Virtual OPFOR Academy at <nowiki>https://tbr.army.mil</nowiki> for electronic copies of OPFOR doctrine, references, Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE), and instructional and immersive videos on conducting this task.

== Live Fire Required ==
No

== Objective Task Evaluation Criteria Matrix ==
{| class="wikitable"
| colspan="3" |'''Plan and Prepare'''
| colspan="6" |'''Execute'''
|'''Assess'''
|-
| colspan="2" |''' '''

Operational Environment
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

Training Environment (L/V/C)
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

% of Leaders Present at

Training/Authorized
| rowspan="2" |% of Soldiers Present at
| rowspan="2" |External Eval
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

%  Performance Measures 'GO'
| rowspan="2" |% Critical Performance Measures  'GO'
| rowspan="2" |% Leader Performance Measures 'GO'
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

''' '''

Task Assessment
|-
|''' '''

BDE &

Above
| 
|-
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

Dynamic and Complex (All OE  Variables and Hybrid Threat)
| rowspan="3" |Night
| rowspan="5" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

Operational Environment  variables and OPFOR use of L/V/C are executed IAW BLUFOR
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

>=85%
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

>=80%
| rowspan="2" |Yes
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

>=91%
| rowspan="3" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

All
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

>=90%
|''' '''

''' '''

'''T'''
|-
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

75-84%
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

80-90%
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

80-89%
|''' '''

''' '''

'''T-'''
|-
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

Dynamic and Complex (All OE  Variables and Single Threat)
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

65-74%
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

75-79%
| rowspan="3" |No
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

65-79%
|''' '''

''' '''

'''P'''
|-
| rowspan="2" |Day
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

60-64%
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

60-74%
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

51-64%
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

<All
| rowspan="2" |''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

<=79%
|''' '''

''' '''

'''P-'''
|-
|''' '''

Dynamic and  Complex (<All OE

Variables and Single Threat)
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

<=59%
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

<=59%
|''' '''

''' '''

''' '''

<=50%
|''' '''

''' '''

'''U'''
|}
'''Remarks'''

None

'''Notes'''

None

== Safety Risk ==
Low

== Task Statements ==

== Cue ==
None 
{| class="wikitable"
!     <big>'''DANGER''':</big>
Safety briefings should alert users to the possibility of personal injury or damage to equipment that may result from long-term failure to follow correct procedures.
|-
!     <big>'''WARNING''':</big>
Safety briefings should alert users to the possibility of immediate personal injury or damage to equipment.
|-
!     '''<big>CAUTION:</big>'''
None
|}

== Performance Steps and Measures ==
'''NOTE:''' Assess task proficiency using the task evaluation criteria matrix.

'''NOTE:''' Asterisks (*) indicate leader steps; plus signs (+) indicate critical steps.

{| class="wikitable"
|'''STEP/MEASURE'''
|'''GO'''
|'''NO-GO'''
|'''N/A'''
|-
| colspan="4" |'''Plan'''
|-
|<nowiki>+  1. Plan</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  a. Identify enemy element or force capabilities and limitations to be  ambushed.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  b. Conduct analysis to determine the type [point or area] ambush or ambushes  to be conducted.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  c. Identify ambush kill zone or kill zones.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ d. Analyze action and enabling  functions that must be performed to achieve mission success, and consider  tasks to deceive, disrupt, suppress, fix, contain, defeat and/or destroy.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  e. Determine the functional tactics to be applied by action and enabling  elements.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  f. Identify situational understanding requirements for collection and  analysis.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  g. Task organize elements or forces for the ambush task by function IAW TC  7-100.2/TC 7-100.3.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ h. Determine how and when  functional elements act or enable the ambush, and/or transition to other  tasks-subtasks.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''Prepare'''
|-
|<nowiki>+  2. Prepare</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ a. Conduct continuous  reconnaissance and surveillance to provide situational understanding of enemy  and operational environment required for OPFOR success.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ b. Conduct continuous  counterreconnaissance to prevent the enemy from obtaining situational  understanding of OPFOR intentions.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  c. Conduct mission and task rehearsals.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  d. Execute information warfare (INFOWAR).</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''Execute'''
|-
|<nowiki>+  3. Infiltrate</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ a. Conduct undetected and  sequenced movement by security elements through and/or into an area occupied  by enemy elements to occupy a position(s) in order to fix enemy security or  response elements.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ b. Conduct undetected and  sequenced movement by support elements through and/or into an area occupied  by enemy elements to occupy a position(s) in order to isolate the kill  zones(s).</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ c.  Conduct undetected and sequenced movement by support elements through and/or  into an area occupied by enemy elements to occupy an indirect fire  position(s) in order to suppress, disrupt, or contain enemy at the kill  zone(s).</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ d. Conduct undetected movement  by an ambush element(s) through and/or into an area occupied by enemy  elements to occupy a position(s) in order to ambush enemy and/or enemy  materiel in the kill zone(s).</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  e. Determine if current tactical conditions require an adjustment to the  raid.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  4. Isolate</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ a. Conduct security tasks to provide early warning  and/or protect the action, support, and security elements. [Other tactical  tasks may include but are not limited to: block, canalize, contain, delay,  destroy, disrupt, fix, interdict, suppress, or neutralize.]</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  b. Position support elements or forces.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ c. Deliver and adjust lethal  and/or nonlethal suppression effects on enemy elements or force to be  isolated that prevent contact with other enemy elements.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ d. Degrade designated enemy  elements or force to temporarily prevent those elements or force from  assisting the isolated enemy element or force.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ e. Maneuver security elements  to a position or positions in order to deny the enemy freedom of movement  along designated ground or air avenues of approach (AA) that can reinforce  enemy elements in the intended kill zone, or otherwise interfere with the tasks  of the ambush action and other enabling elements.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  5. Contain</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ a. Use surprise, limited  visibility, complex terrain, emplaced obstacles, and camouflage, concealment,  cover, and deception (C3D) and fires to restrict and channel the enemy into  the kill zone or kill zones.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ b. Stop, hold, or surround  enemy elements in the kill zone or cause enemy elements to center their  activity to a given front and prevent them from withdrawing any part of the  element for use elsewhere.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  6. Ambush</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ a. Ambush with massed direct  and/or indirect fires into the kill zone or kill zones to destroy the enemy.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  b. Assault to seize the objective in the kill zone—when designated in the  mission task and intent.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ c. Support the ambush with  appropriate enabling functions that may include but are not limited to:  deception, breach, fix, disrupt, and/or employment of reserve elements.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ d. Exploit the objective site  for enemy prisoners and enemy equipment and materiel—when designated in the  mission task and intent.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|<nowiki>+ e. Consolidate the objective or  kill zone area for its temporary occupation and defense while the site is  being exploited by OPFOR elements.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ f. Reorganize OPFOR elements to  minimize the impacts of combat losses and functional capabilities.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  7. Exfiltrate</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ a. Distribute the reorganized  OPFOR elements quickly into small elements for exfiltration along designated  exfiltration lanes.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+ b. Conduct undetected movement  from the kill zone and/or objective area by stealth and deception to a  designated rally point.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  c. Continue the mission.</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
| colspan="4" |'''Assess'''
|-
|<nowiki>+  8. Performance Measures</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  a. Unit moves to and occupies ambush site without detection - (Yes/No)</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  b. Unit isolates kill zone from assistance - (Yes/No)</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  c. To execute ambush - (Time)</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  d. Enemy in kill zone during projected time window - (Yes/No)</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  e. Enemy contained in kill zone - (Yes/No)</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  f. Friendly forces available to continue mission - (Percent)</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|-
|<nowiki>+  g. Combat effectiveness of enemy force - (Percent)</nowiki>
| 
| 
| 
|}
{| class="wikitable"
| colspan="8" |'''TASK PERFORMANCE / EVALUATION SUMMARY BLOCK'''
|-
|ITERATION
|1
|2
|3
|4
|5
|M
|TOTAL
|-
|TOTAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES EVALUATED
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
|TOTAL  PERFORMANCE MEASURES GO
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|-
|TRAINING  STATUS GO/NO-GO
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
|}

'''ITERATION'''

'''1     2     3     4     5'''     '''M'''

'''COMMANDER/LEADER ASSESSMENT'''

'''T      P      U'''

== MOPP 4 ==
Sometimes

'''MOPP 4 Statement'''

OPFOR will conduct operations in an NBC environment based on the training objectives established by the BLUFOR Commander.

== NVG ==
Sometimes

'''NVG Statement'''

OPFOR will conduct night time operations based on the training objectives established by the BLUFOR Commander.

'''Prerequisite Collective Task(s)'''

None

'''Supporting Collective Task(s)'''

None

'''OPFOR Task(s)'''

None

'''Supporting Individual Task(s)'''

None

'''Supporting Drill(s)'''

None

'''Supported AUTL/UJTL Task(s)'''

None

== '''TADSS''' ==
{| class="wikitable"
|'''TADSS ID'''
|'''Title'''
|'''Product Type'''
|'''Quantity'''
|-
|L  20-STAR-L
|OPFOR  Vehicle Marker (Large)
|TA
|40
|-
|L  30-06L-FSH
|OPFOR  Uniforms Large
|TA
|33
|-
|23-26
|M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000  (MILES 2000) M2 Machine Gun Kit
|DVC
|18
|-
|T  20-005
|RPG7  Anti Grenade Launcher with Round
|DVC
|10
|-
|L  30-06M-FSH
|OPFOR  Uniforms MED
|TA
|69
|-
|L  20-STAR-M
|OPFOR  Vehicle Marker (Star) Med
|TA
|6
|-
|L  20-STAR-S
|OPFOR  Vehicle Marker (Star) SM
|TA
|36
|-
|L  30-06S-FSH
|OPFOR  Uniforms Small
|TA
|33
|-
|23-102/B
|Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES),  (SLM), RPG7 VISMOD
|DVC
|10
|-
|23-106
|Instrumentable Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement  System (I-MILES) Tactical Vehicle System (TVS)
|DVC
|18
|-
|23-94
|MILES  XXI (STRYKER) Common Kit
|DVC
|0
|-
|T  07-115
|Machine  Gun, PKM
|DVC
|0
|-
|T  07-116
|Pistol,  Makarov, Plastic
|DVC
|0
|-
|T  07-117
|Pistol,  Tokarev
|DVC
|0
|-
|T  20-006
|AK-47  Assault Rifle Model
|DVC
|16
|-
|T  20-007
|RPK  Squad Machine Gun
|DVC
|2
|-
|T  20-008
|PM-50  Pistol
|DVC
|2
|-
|23-85
|Soft Cap Man Worn Laser Detector (MWLD) (MILES) PR0  Model
|DVC
|153
|-
|GTA 08-11-014
|Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES)  Casualty Cards
|GTA
|6
|-
|23-67
|Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System  Individual Weapons System (MILES IWS) M16/M4 Rifle Kit, Instrumental
|DVC
|113
|-
|23-22
|M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000  (MILES 2000) M249 Squad Automatic Weapon Kit
|DVC
|6
|-
|23-23
|M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000  (MILES 2000) M24/M40 Sniper Weapon System Kit
|DVC
|6
|-
|23-25
|M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000  (MILES 2000) M240 Machine Gun Kit
|DVC
|10
|-
|23-92
|Main  Gun Signature Simulator (MGSS) (MILES 2000)
|DVC
|10
|-
|23-96
|M1A1/A2/System Enhanced Package (SEP) Tank, (MILES  XXI)
|DVC
|10
|-
|T  20-018
|SVD  Sniper Rifle
|DVC
|2
|-
|23-95
|M2A2/M3A3  Bradley Fighting Vehicle, (MILES XXI)
|DVC
|8
|}

== Equipment (LIN) ==
{| class="wikitable"
|'''LIN'''
|'''Nomenclature'''
|'''Qty'''
|-
| colspan="3" |No  equipment specified
|}

== Materiel Items (NSN) ==
{| class="wikitable"
|'''NSN'''
|'''LIN'''
|'''Title'''
|'''Qty'''
|-
|1305-00-166-6371
| 
|Cartridge,  7.62 Millimeter Blank, Linked: M82 (DODIC:A111)
|320
|-
|1005-00-893-0902
| 
|Firing  Attachment, Blank Ammunition, M14 Rifle
|6
|-
|1370-00-752-8124
|T56265
|Simulator,  Hand Grenade: M116A1 (DODIC:L601)
|108
|-
|1005-00-118-6192
| 
|Firing  Attachment, Blank Ammunition: Rifle, 5.56 MM, M16, M16A1
|42
|-
|1005-01-091-7510
|F87237
|Firing  Attachment, Blank Ammunitin: M19 for Caliber .50 M2 Machine Gun
|10
|-
|1330-00-289-6853
|J79818
|Grenade,  Hand, Violet Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G955)
|6
|-
|1330-00-289-6854
|J79955
|Grenade,  Hand, Yellow Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G945)
|6
|-
|1005-01-480-0289
| 
|Chamber,  Blank Firing: Machine Gun, 7.62MM, M240B
|8
|-
|1005-21-912-8997
| 
|Firing  Attachment, Blank Ammunition: M249 SAW
|6
|-
|1305-01-078-4879
|D31944
|Cartridge,  Caliber .50 Blank: M1E1 (DODIC:A598)
|2000
|-
|1305-00-005-8005
| 
|Cartridge,  5.56 Millimeter Blank, Single Round: M200 (DODIC:A080)
|8400
|-
|1330-00-219-8511
|J79681
|Grenade,  Hand, HC Smoke: AN-M8 (DODIC:G930)
|12
|-
|1330-00-289-6852
|J79133
|Grenade,  Hand, Red Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G950)
|6
|-
|1305-00-008-8894
| 
|Cartridge,  7.62 Millimeter Blank, Single Round: M82 (DODIC:A112)
|1600
|}

== Environment ==
Environmental protection is not just the law but the right thing to do. It is a continual process and starts with deliberate planning. Always be alert to ways to protect our environment during training and missions. In doing so, you will contribute to the sustainment of our training resources while protecting people and the environment from harmful effects. Refer to the current Environmental Considerations manual and the current GTA Environmental-related Risk Assessment card. Consult range control office for specific environmental considerations for the training area(s) being used.

== Safety ==
In a training environment, leaders must perform a risk assessment in accordance with ATP 5-19, Risk Management. Leaders will complete the current Deliberate Risk Assessment Worksheet in accordance with the TRADOC Safety Officer during the planning and completion of each task and sub-task by assessing mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available and civil considerations, (METT-TC). Note: During MOPP training, leaders must ensure personnel are monitored for potential heat injury. Local policies and procedures must be followed during times of increased heat category in order to avoid heat related injury. Consider the MOPP work/rest cycles and water replacement guidelines IAW FM 3-11.4, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Protection, FM 3-11.5, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Decontamination

== Supporting References ==
[[Category:VOA]]
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Step Number'''
|'''Reference ID'''
|'''Reference Name'''
|'''Required'''
|'''Primary'''
|-
| 
|TC  7-100
|Hybrid  Threat
|Yes
|Yes
|-
| 
|TC  7-100.2
|Opposing  Force Tactics
|Yes
|Yes
|-
| 
|TC 7-100.3
|Irregular Opposing Forces  <nowiki>https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/d</nowiki> r_aa/pdf/tc7_100x3.pdf
|Yes
|Yes
|-
| 
|TC 7-100.4
|Hybrid Threat Force Structure Organization Guide
|Yes
|Yes
|-
| 
|TC  7-101
|Exercise  Design
|Yes
|Yes
|}