Difference between revisions of "JAS 39 Gripen Swedish Multirole Fighter Aircraft"

Latest revision as of 18:14, 2 August 2021

tiers

false

true

false

categories

"WEG"

"Aircraft"

"Fixed Wing Aircraft"

"Fighter Aircraft"

"Sweden"

"PRO_Brazil"

"PRO_Hungary"

"PRO_South Africa"

"PRO_Sweden"

"PRO_United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"

"Air"

"Tier2"

notes

"The Saab JAS 39 Gripen is a light single-engine multirole fighter aircraft manufactured by the Swedish aerospace company Saab. It was designed to replace the Saab 35 Draken and 37 Viggen in the Swedish Air Force (Flygvapnet). The Gripen has a delta wing and canard configuration with a relaxed stability design and fly-by-wire flight controls. It is powered by the Volvo RM12 and has a top speed of Mach 2. Later aircraft are modified for NATO interoperability standards and to undertake air to air refueling. In 1979, the Swedish government began development studies for aircraft capable of fighter, attack, and reconnaissance missions to replace the Saab 35 Draken and 37 Viggen. A new design from Saab was selected and developed as the JAS 39, first flying in 1988. Following two crashes during flight development and subsequent alterations to the aircraft's flight control software, the Gripen entered service with the Swedish Air Force in 1996. Upgraded variants, featuring more advanced avionics and adaptations for longer mission times, began entering service in 2003. o market the aircraft internationally, Saab formed partnerships and collaborative efforts with overseas aerospace companies. One example of such efforts was Gripen International, a joint partnership between Saab and BAE Systems formed in 2001. Gripen International was responsible for marketing the aircraft, and was heavily involved in the successful export of the type to South Africa; the organization was later dissolved amidst allegations of bribery being employed to secure foreign interest and sales. On the export market, the Gripen has achieved moderate success in sales to nations in Central Europe, South Africa, and Southeast Asia; bribery has been suspected in some of these procurements, but authorities closed the investigation in 2009. A further version designated Gripen JAS 39E/F, is beginning deliveries to the Swedish and Brazilian air forces as of 2019; it has previously been referred to as Gripen NG or Super-JAS. The changes include the adoption of a new power plant, the General Electric F414G, an active electronically scanned array radar and significantly increased internal fuel capacity. Saab has proposed other derivatives, including a navalized Gripen Maritime for carrier operations and an optionally manned aircraft for unmanned operations. Sweden and Brazil have ordered the Gripen E/F and Switzerland initially selected it for procurement. As of September 2019, 298 Gripens have been built. Gripen offers high agility, advanced target acquisition systems - including a powerful multi-role radar, modern weapons, low environmental signatures, and comprehensive electronic warfare (EW) suite. The JAS39 Gripen system is designed to counter all current and future threats. The aircraft has been developed for the Swedish Air Force by the Industry Group JAS (SAAB, Ericsson, Volvo Aero, and FFV Aerotech) in close cooperation with the Swedish Defence Material Administration (FMV). In partnership with Sweden’s Saab, British Aerospace is engaged in a number of marketing campaigns for the highly capable Gripen fourth-generation combat aircraft. Engineering activity associated with improving the operability of the aircraft in the export market is now underway. In 1995 Saab and British Aerospace (BAe) signed an agreement for the joint marketing of the Gripen. Hereby, Saab gained access to the global sales organization of British Aerospace, as well as to its governmental support in international marketing. British Aerospace will adapt the export version of the Gripen to NATO standards, and also produce certain subsystems for the aircraft. The agreement, which followed on more than a decade of cooperation between the two companies, became the basis for consolidation between Saab and British Aerospace. It also paves the way for SaabCs deepened integration with the European aerospace industry. Saab intends to be an active player along with British Aerospace, Aerospatiale (France), DASA (Germany), and CASA (Spain) in the creation of an integrated European defense and aerospace industry - Eurospace. In November 1998, South Africa announced that it will probably buy 28 Gripens. The value of the order is 12 billion SEK (1.5 billion USD) and the contract was expected to be signed in May or June of 1999. During the coming 10-15 years, Saab hopes to export at least 400 aircraft, on a total market for fighter aircraft estimated at 2,000 aircraft. The Gripen is currently being offered to Chile, the Philippines, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Austria, and Brazil. Another candidate, Poland, recently announced that it will choose the Boeing F 18 Hornet. An important factor when offering the Gripen for export is the aircraft missile system. Currently, the Gripens used by the Swedish Air Force are armed with AIM-120 AMRAAM, AIM-9 Sidewinder, the Saab Dynamics RBS 15 for ship targets, and the Maverick ground attack missile. Saab Dynamics cooperates with the major European missile manufacturers in the development of new air-to-air missiles for the Eurofighter, the Rafale, and the Gripen. The two main projects currently underway are the Meteor and the IRIS-T. The Meteor is a radar-guided, medium range (10-120 km.) air-to-air missile, which will compete with future versions of the Raytheon AIM-120 AMRAAM. The Meteor program features Matra BAe Dynamics, Saab Dynamics, Alenia Difesa, Marconi, and German LFK. The IRIS-T is an IR-guided, short-range air-to-air missile, primarily funded by Germany for the Eurofighter. The project group includes Bodenseewerk Geratechnik and Saab Dynamics."

dateOfIntroduction

1996

countryOfOrigin

"Sweden"

proliferation

"Brazil, Hungary, South Africa, Sweden, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"

selectedregions

Empty array

checkedregions

Empty array

checkedcountries

"Brazil"

"Hungary"

"South Africa"

"Sweden"

"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"

dis

name	"SAAB JAS39 GRIPEN"
string	"01.02.205.001.003.000.000"

images

"JAS_39_Gripen_(AA).jpg"

"JAS_39_Gripen_(BB).jpg"

"JAS_39_Gripen_(CC).jpg"

sections

name

"System"

properties

name	"Alternate Designation(s)"
value	"JAS 39 Gripen"

name	"Primary Function / Type"
value	"Fighter, attack, and reconnaissance aircraft"

name	"Manufacturer"
value	"Saab Group"

name	"In Service"
value	"1996-Present"

name	"Crew"
value	"JAS 39A/C 1 JAS 39B/D 2"

name	"Number of Engines"
value	"1"

name	"Day/Night Capable"
value	"Yes"

name	"All Weather Capable"
value	"Yes"

name	"Number of Pylons"
value	"5 (four wing, one centerline), 2 wingtip rails"

name

"Dimensions"

properties

name	"Length"
value	"JAS 39A/C: 14.1 m; JAS 39B/D: 14.8 m"

name	"Width (Wing Span)"
value	"8.4 m"

name	"Height"
value	"4.5 m"

name	"Wheelbase"
value	"JAS 39A/C: 5.2 m; JAS 39B/D: 5.9 m"

name	"Weight, Empty"
value	"JAS 39A: 6,500 kg; JAS 39B/D: 7,100 kg; JAS 39C: 6,800 kg"

name	"Weight, Maximum Takeoff"
value	"JAS 39A: 12,500 kg; JAS 39B/D: 14,000 kg; JAS 39C: 14,000 kg"

name	"Weight, Total Load"
value	"JAS 39B/D: 5,300 kg; JAS 39C: 5,300 kg"

name

"Automotive"

properties

name	"Engine Name"
value	"Volvo RM12 turbofan engine (now GKN Aerospace Engine Systems), a licence-manufactured derivative of General Electric F404, fed by a Y-duct with splitter plates; changes include increased performance and improved reliability to meet single engine use safety criteria, as well as a greater resistance to bird strike incidents."

name	"Number of Engines"
value	"1"
units	"ea"

name	"Type"
value	"The Volvo RM12 is a low-bypass afterburning turbofan jet engine developed for the Saab JAS 39 Gripen fighter."

name	"Engine Power"
value	"Maximum thrust: 54 kN (12,100 lbf) military thrust 80.5 kN (18,100 lbf) with afterburner"

name	"Maximum Range"
value	"3,000 km"

name	"Maximum Speed"
value	"2,450 km/h, Mach 2.0"

name	"Service Ceiling"
value	"16,000 m"

name	"Acceleration"
value	"30 sec Mach 0.5 to Mach 1.1"

name	"Climb Rate"
value	"100 sec, brake release to 32,084 ft (10,000 m) 180 sec, brake release to 45,932 ft (14,000 m)"

name	"Turn Rate"
value	"20 deg/sec sustained, 30 deg/sec instantaneous"

name	"Load"
value	"9 g/-3 g max"

name

"Cannon Weapon System"

sections

name

"System"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"Mauser BK-27"

name	"Type"
value	"Revolver Cannon"

name	"Caliber"
value	"27 mm"

name	"Manufacturer"
value	"Mauser (now Rheinmetall)"

name	"In Service"
value	"1977-Present"

name	"Length"
value	"2.31 m"

name	"Barrel Length"
value	"1.73 m"

name	"Weight"
value	"100 kg"

name	"Barrel"
value	"Single Barrel"

name	"Action"
value	"Revolver"

name	"Rate of Fire"
value	"1,000–1,700 rpm"

name	"Muzzle Velocity"
value	"1,100 m/s"

name

"Ammunition"

properties

name	"Type"
value	"Rifle"

name	"Caliber"
value	"27 mm"

name	"Cartridge"
value	"27×145 mm"

name	"Basic Load"
value	"120 Rounds"

name

"Pylon Weapons System"

sections

name

"Missile System (Option 1)"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"AIM-9 Sidewinder"

name	"Type"
value	"Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile"

name	"In Service"
value	"1956-Present"

name	"Proliferation"
value	"Widely Proliferated"

name	"Length"
value	"3.02 m"

name	"Diameter"
value	"127.0 mm"

name	"Warhead"
value	"WDU-17/B annular blast-frag"

name	"Warhead Weight"
value	"9.4 kg"

name	"Detonation mechanism"
value	"IR proximity fuze"

name	"Engine"
value	"Hercules/Bermite Mk. 36 Solid-fuel rocket"

name	"Wingspan"
value	"279.4 mm"

name	"Operational Range"
value	"1.0 to 35.4 km"

name	"Speed"
value	"Mach 2.5+"

name	"Guidance System"
value	"Infrared homing (most models) semi-active radar homing (AIM-9C)"

name	"Launch Platform"
value	"Aircraft, naval vessels, fixed launchers, and ground vehicles"

name	"Basic Load"
value	"INA"

name

"Missile System (Option 2)"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"AGM-65 Maverick"

name	"Type"
value	"Air-to-Ground Missile"

name	"Basic Load"
value	"INA"

name	"Manufacturer"
value	"Raytheon Missile Systems Raytheon"

name	"Proliferation"
value	"70,000+"

name	"Length"
value	"249 cm (8 ft 2 in)"

name	"Diameter"
value	"30"
units	"cm"

name	"Warhead"
value	"57 kg (126 lb) WDU-20/B shaped-charge (A/B/C/D/H models) 136 kg (300 lb) WDU-24/B penetrating blast-fragmentation (E/F/G/J/K models) E models utilize FMU-135/B delayed impact fuze"

name	"Weight"
value	"210–304 kg"

name	"Engine"
value	"A/B:Thiokol SR109-TC-1 D/E/F/G/H/J/K: SR114-TC-1 (or Aerojet SR115-AJ-1) Solid propellant rocket motor via a WPU-4/B or WPU-8/B propulsion section"

name	"Wingspan"
value	"710 mm"

name	"Propellant"
value	"Solid propellant"

name	"Operational Range"
value	"Greater than 22 km"

name	"Speed"
value	"1,150 km/h"

name	"Guidance System"
value	"system A/B/H/J/K:: Electro-optical guidance D/F/G: imaging infrared guidance E: Laser guidance"

name

"Missile System (Option 3)"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"RBS-15"

name	"Type"
value	"Long-Range Fire-and-Forget Surface-to-Surface and Ar-to-Surface, Anti-Ship Missile."

name	"Manufacturer"
value	"Saab Bofors Dynamics, Diehl BGT Defence"

name	"In Service"
value	"1985-Present"

name	"Proliferation"
value	"Widely Proliferated"

name	"Length"
value	"4.33"
units	"m"

name	"Diameter"
value	"50"
units	"cm"

name	"Wingspan"
value	"1.4 m"

name	"Warhead"
value	"200 kg HE blast and pre-fragmented warhead."

name	"Detonation Mechanism"
value	"impact or proximity"

name	"Engine"
value	"Turbojet"

name	"Operational Range"
value	"70 km for RBS-15 Mk. I and II, 250 km for RBS-15 Mk. III, 300+km for RBS-15 MkV"

name	"Flight Altitude"
value	"Sea skimming"

name	"Speed"
value	"Subsonic"

name	"Guidance System"
value	"inertial, GPS, terminal active radar homing (J band)"

name	"Launch Platform"
value	"naval ships, aircraft and land-based missile launchers"

name

"Rockets"

properties

name	"Note"
value	"Bofors M70 rockets"

name

"Bombs"

properties

name	"Note"
value	"DWS 39 submunition dispenser, iron bombs"

properties

name	"Number of Pylons"
value	"5 (four wing, one centerline), 2 wingtip rails"

name

"Note"

value

"The Gripen is compatible with a number of different armaments, beyond the aircraft's single 27 mm Mauser BK-27 cannon (omitted on the two-seat variants), including air-to-air missiles such as the AIM-9 Sidewinder, air-to-ground missiles such as the AGM-65 Maverick, and anti-ship missiles such as the RBS-15. In 2010, the Swedish Air Force's Gripen fleet completed the MS19 upgrade process, enabling compatibility with a range of weapons, including the long-range MBDA Meteor missile, the short-range IRIS-T missile and the GBU-49 laser-guided bomb."

name	"Weapons Load"
value	"3,600 kg"

name

"Fire Control / Avionics"

properties

name	"Fire Control System Type"
value	"INA"

name	"Fire Control Radar"
value	"Saab PS-05A"

name

"PS-05A Radar"

value

"The Gripen entered service using the PS-05/A pulse-Doppler X band multi-mode radar, developed by Ericsson and GEC-Marconi, which is based on the latter's advanced Blue Vixen radar for the Sea Harrier that also served as the basis for the Eurofighter's CAPTOR radar. The all-weather radar is capable of locating and identifying targets 120 km (74 mi) away,and automatically tracking multiple targets in the upper and lower spheres, on the ground and sea or in the air. It can guide several beyond visual range air-to-air missiles to multiple targets simultaneously. Saab stated the PS-05/A is able to handle all types of air defence, air-to-surface, and reconnaissance missions, and is developing a Mark 4 upgrade to it.The Mark 4 version has a 150% increase in high-altitude air-to-air detection ranges, detection and tracking of smaller targets at current ranges, 140% improvement in air-to-air mode at low altitude, and full integration of modern weapons such as the AIM-120C-7 AMRAAM, AIM-9X Sidewinder, and MBDA Meteor missiles."

name	"Laser Desingator"
value	"Yes"

name	"Reconnaissance"
value	"Vinten Vicon 70 pod can be mounted on wingtip rails (to be replaced by MRPS)"

name

"Protection"

properties

name	"Stealth Properties"
value	"No"

name	"Heat Signature Reduction"
value	"INA"

name	"Add on Armor"
value	"INA"

name	"NBC Protection"
value	"Yes"

name	"EW Counter Measures"
value	"Yes, Rb 74 pod can be mounted on wingtip rails"

name	"Chaffs/Flares"
value	"Yes"

variants

name	"JAS 39A"
notes	"The initial version that entered service with the Swedish Air Force in 1996. A number have been upgraded to the C standard."

name	"JAS 39B"
notes	"A two-seat version of the 39A for training, specialised missions and type conversion. To fit the second crew member and life support systems, the internal cannon and an internal fuel tank were removed and the airframe lengthened 0.66 m (2 ft 2 in)."

name	"JAS 39C"
notes	"A NATO-compatible version of Gripen with extended capabilities in terms of armament, electronics, etc. Can be refuelled in flight."

name

"two-seat version of the 39C, with similar alterations as the 39B."

notes

"A improved version following on from the Gripen Demo technology demonstrator. Changes from the JAS 39C/D include the more powerful F414G engine, Raven ES-05 AESA radar, increased fuel capacity and payload, two additional hardpoints, and other improvements. These improvements have reportedly increased the Gripen NG costs to an estimated 24,000 Swiss Francs (US$27,000) per hour,[390] and increased the flyaway cost to 100 million Swiss Francs (US$113M)."

name	"AS 39E"
notes	"A single-seat production version developed from the Gripen NG program, priced at US$85 million a unit. Sweden and Brazil have ordered the variant. Brazil's designation for this variant is F-39E"

name	"single-seat production version developed from the Gripen NG program, priced at US$85 million a unit.[392] Sweden and Brazil have ordered the variant.[84][173][235] Brazil's designation for this variant is F-39E"
notes	"A two-seat version of the E variant. Eight ordered by Brazil,[248] to be developed and assembled in São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil; planned for pilot training and combat, being optimised for back seat air battle management, with jamming, information warfare and network attack, besides weapon system officer and electronic warfare roles. Brazil's designation for the variant is F-39F."

type

"WEG"

version

1

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
          "Fixed Wing Aircraft",
          "Fighter Aircraft",
+        "Sweden",
+        "PRO_Brazil",
+        "PRO_Hungary",
+        "PRO_South Africa",
+        "PRO_Sweden",
+        "PRO_United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland",
+        "Air",
          "Tier2"
      ],
-     "notes": "The Saab JAS 39 Gripen (IPA: [ˈɡriːpɛn]; English: griffin) is a light single-engine multirole fighter aircraft manufactured by the Swedish aerospace company Saab. It was designed to replace the Saab 35 Draken and 37 Viggen in the Swedish Air Force (Flygvapnet). The Gripen has a delta wing and canard configuration with relaxed stability design and fly-by-wire flight controls. It is powered by the Volvo RM12, and has a top speed of Mach 2. Later aircraft are modified for NATO interoperability standards and to undertake air to air refuelling.\n\nIn 1979, the Swedish government began development studies for an aircraft capable of fighter, attack and reconnaissance missions to replace the Saab 35 Draken and 37 Viggen. A new design from Saab was selected and developed as the JAS 39, first flying in 1988. Following two crashes during flight development and subsequent alterations to the aircraft's flight control software, the Gripen entered service with the Swedish Air Force in 1996. Upgraded variants, featuring more advanced avionics and adaptations for longer mission times, began entering service in 2003.\n\no market the aircraft internationally, Saab formed partnerships and collaborative efforts with overseas aerospace companies. One example of such efforts was Gripen International, a joint partnership between Saab and BAE Systems formed in 2001. Gripen International was responsible for marketing the aircraft, and was heavily involved in the successful export of the type to South Africa; the organisation was later dissolved amidst allegations of bribery being employed to secure foreign interest and sales. On the export market, the Gripen has achieved moderate success in sales to nations in Central Europe, South Africa and Southeast Asia; bribery has been suspected in some of these procurements, but authorities closed the investigation in 2009.\n\nA further version, designated Gripen JAS 39E/F, is beginning deliveries to the Swedish and Brazilian air forces as of 2019; it has previously been referred to as Gripen NG or Super-JAS. The changes include the adoption of a new power plant, the General Electric F414G, an active electronically scanned array radar, and significantly increased internal fuel capacity. Saab has proposed other derivatives, including a navalised Gripen Maritime for carrier operations and an optionally manned aircraft for unmanned operations. Sweden and Brazil have ordered the Gripen E/F and Switzerland initially selected it for procurement. As of September 2019, 298 Gripens have been built.\n\nGripen offers high agility, advanced target acquisition systems - including a powerful multi-role radar, modern weapons, low environmental signatures and a comprehensive electronic warfare (EW) suite. The JAS39 Gripen system is designed to counter all current and future threats. The aircraft has been developed for the Swedish Air Force by the Industry Group JAS (SAAB, Ericsson, Volvo Aero and FFV Aerotech) in close co-operation with the Swedish Defence Material Administration (FMV). In partnership with Sweden’s Saab, British Aerospace is engaged in a number of marketing campaigns for the highly capable Gripen fourth generation combat aircraft. Engineering activity associated with improving the operability of the aircraft in the export market is now underway.\n\nIn 1995 Saab and British Aerospace (BAe) signed an agreement for the joint marketing of the Gripen. Hereby, Saab gained access to the global sales organization of British Aerospace, as well as to its governmental support in international marketing. British Aerospace will adapt the export version of the Gripen to NATO standards, and also produce certain subsystems for the aircraft. The agreement, which followed on more than a decade of cooperation between the two companies, became the basis for a consolidation between Saab and British Aerospace. It also paves the way for SaabCs deepened integration with the European aerospace industry. Saab intends to be an active player along with British Aerospace, Aerospatiale (France), DASA (Germany) and CASA (Spain) in the creation of an integrated European defense and aerospace industry - Eurospace.\n\nIn November 1998, South Africa announced that it will probably buy 28 Gripens. The value of the order is 12 billion SEK (1.5 billion USD) and the contract was expected to be signed in May or June of 1999. During the coming 10-15 years, Saab hopes to export at least 400 aircraft, on a total market for fighter aircraft estimated at 2,000 aircraft. The Gripen is currently being offered to Chile, the Philippines, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Austria and Brazil. Another candidate, Poland, recently announced that it will chose the Boeing F 18 Hornet.\n\nAn important factor when offering the Gripen for export, is the aircraft missile system. Currently, the Gripens used by the Swedish Air Force are armed with AIM-120 AMRAAM, AIM-9 Sidewinder, the Saab Dynamics RBS 15 for ship targets, and the Maverick ground attack missile. Saab Dynamics cooperates with the major European missile manufacturers in the development of new air-to-air missiles for the Eurofighter, the Rafale and the Gripen. The two main projects currently underway are the Meteor and the IRIS-T. The Meteor is a radar-guided, medium range (10-120 km.) air-to-air missile, which will compete with future versions of the Raytheon AIM-120 AMRAAM. The Meteor program features Matra BAe Dynamics, Saab Dynamics, Alenia Difesa, Marconi and German LFK. The IRIS-T is an IR-guided, short-range air-to-air missile, primarily funded by Germany for the Eurofighter. The project group includes Bodenseewerk Geratechnik and Saab Dynamics.",
+     "notes": "The Saab JAS 39 Gripen is a light single-engine multirole fighter aircraft manufactured by the Swedish aerospace company Saab. It was designed to replace the Saab 35 Draken and 37 Viggen in the Swedish Air Force (Flygvapnet). The Gripen has a delta wing and canard configuration with a relaxed stability design and fly-by-wire flight controls. It is powered by the Volvo RM12 and has a top speed of Mach 2. Later aircraft are modified for NATO interoperability standards and to undertake air to air refueling.\n\nIn 1979, the Swedish government began development studies for aircraft capable of fighter, attack, and reconnaissance missions to replace the Saab 35 Draken and 37 Viggen. A new design from Saab was selected and developed as the JAS 39, first flying in 1988. Following two crashes during flight development and subsequent alterations to the aircraft's flight control software, the Gripen entered service with the Swedish Air Force in 1996. Upgraded variants, featuring more advanced avionics and adaptations for longer mission times, began entering service in 2003.\n\no market the aircraft internationally, Saab formed partnerships and collaborative efforts with overseas aerospace companies. One example of such efforts was Gripen International, a joint partnership between Saab and BAE Systems formed in 2001. Gripen International was responsible for marketing the aircraft, and was heavily involved in the successful export of the type to South Africa; the organization was later dissolved amidst allegations of bribery being employed to secure foreign interest and sales. On the export market, the Gripen has achieved moderate success in sales to nations in Central Europe, South Africa, and Southeast Asia; bribery has been suspected in some of these procurements, but authorities closed the investigation in 2009.\n\nA further version designated Gripen JAS 39E/F, is beginning deliveries to the Swedish and Brazilian air forces as of 2019; it has previously been referred to as Gripen NG or Super-JAS. The changes include the adoption of a new power plant, the General Electric F414G, an active electronically scanned array radar and significantly increased internal fuel capacity. Saab has proposed other derivatives, including a navalized Gripen Maritime for carrier operations and an optionally manned aircraft for unmanned operations. Sweden and Brazil have ordered the Gripen E/F and Switzerland initially selected it for procurement. As of September 2019, 298 Gripens have been built.\n\nGripen offers high agility, advanced target acquisition systems - including a powerful multi-role radar, modern weapons, low environmental signatures, and comprehensive electronic warfare (EW) suite. The JAS39 Gripen system is designed to counter all current and future threats. The aircraft has been developed for the Swedish Air Force by the Industry Group JAS (SAAB, Ericsson, Volvo Aero, and FFV Aerotech) in close cooperation with the Swedish Defence Material Administration (FMV). In partnership with Sweden’s Saab, British Aerospace is engaged in a number of marketing campaigns for the highly capable Gripen fourth-generation combat aircraft. Engineering activity associated with improving the operability of the aircraft in the export market is now underway.\n\nIn 1995 Saab and British Aerospace (BAe) signed an agreement for the joint marketing of the Gripen. Hereby, Saab gained access to the global sales organization of British Aerospace, as well as to its governmental support in international marketing. British Aerospace will adapt the export version of the Gripen to NATO standards, and also produce certain subsystems for the aircraft. The agreement, which followed on more than a decade of cooperation between the two companies, became the basis for consolidation between Saab and British Aerospace. It also paves the way for SaabCs deepened integration with the European aerospace industry. Saab intends to be an active player along with British Aerospace, Aerospatiale (France), DASA (Germany), and CASA (Spain) in the creation of an integrated European defense and aerospace industry - Eurospace.\n\nIn November 1998, South Africa announced that it will probably buy 28 Gripens. The value of the order is 12 billion SEK (1.5 billion USD) and the contract was expected to be signed in May or June of 1999. During the coming 10-15 years, Saab hopes to export at least 400 aircraft, on a total market for fighter aircraft estimated at 2,000 aircraft. The Gripen is currently being offered to Chile, the Philippines, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Austria, and Brazil. Another candidate, Poland, recently announced that it will choose the Boeing F 18 Hornet.\n\nAn important factor when offering the Gripen for export is the aircraft missile system. Currently, the Gripens used by the Swedish Air Force are armed with AIM-120 AMRAAM, AIM-9 Sidewinder, the Saab Dynamics RBS 15 for ship targets, and the Maverick ground attack missile. Saab Dynamics cooperates with the major European missile manufacturers in the development of new air-to-air missiles for the Eurofighter, the Rafale, and the Gripen. The two main projects currently underway are the Meteor and the IRIS-T. The Meteor is a radar-guided, medium range (10-120 km.) air-to-air missile, which will compete with future versions of the Raytheon AIM-120 AMRAAM. The Meteor program features Matra BAe Dynamics, Saab Dynamics, Alenia Difesa, Marconi, and German LFK. The IRIS-T is an IR-guided, short-range air-to-air missile, primarily funded by Germany for the Eurofighter. The project group includes Bodenseewerk Geratechnik and Saab Dynamics.",
+    "dateOfIntroduction": 1996,
+    "countryOfOrigin": "Sweden",
+    "proliferation": "Brazil, Hungary, South Africa, Sweden, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland",
+    "selectedregions": [],
+    "checkedregions": [],
+    "checkedcountries": [
+        "Brazil",
+        "Hungary",
+        "South Africa",
+        "Sweden",
+        "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"
+    ],
      "dis": {
          "name": "SAAB JAS39 GRIPEN",
@@ Line 19: / Line 38: @@
      },
      "images": [
-         "Grip(C).jpg",
+         "JAS_39_Gripen_(AA).jpg",
-         "Grip(B).jpg",
+         "JAS_39_Gripen_(BB).jpg",
-         "Grip(A).jpg"
+         "JAS_39_Gripen_(CC).jpg"
      ],
      "sections": [
@@ Line 30: / Line 49: @@
                      "name": "Alternate Designation(s)",
                      "value": "JAS 39 Gripen"
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "Date of Introduction",
-                    "value": "1996"
                  },
                  {
@@ Line 42: / Line 57: @@
                      "name": "Manufacturer",
                      "value": "Saab Group"
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "Proliferation",
-                    "value": "298 as of 2019.\n\tSwedish Air Force\nSouth African Air Force\nCzech Air Force\nHungarian Air Force"
                  },
                  {
@@ Line 57: / Line 68: @@
                  {
                      "name": "Number of Engines",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "1"
                  },
                  {
                      "name": "Day/Night Capable",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "Yes"
                  },
                  {
                      "name": "All Weather Capable",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "Yes"
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "Takeoff or Landing Limitations",
-                    "value": ""
                  },
                  {
-                     "name": "Number of Hard Points",
+                     "name": "Number of Pylons",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "5 (four wing, one centerline), 2 wingtip rails"
                  }
              ]
@@ Line 119: / Line 126: @@
                  {
                      "name": "Number of Engines",
-                     "value": "1"
+                     "value": "1",
+                    "units": "ea"
                  },
                  {
@@ Line 158: / Line 166: @@
                  }
              ]
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Communications"
          },
          {
@@ Line 174: / Line 179: @@
                          {
                              "name": "Type",
-                             "value": "27 mm Revolver Cannon"
+                             "value": "Revolver Cannon"
                          },
                          {
                              "name": "Caliber",
-                             "value": "27mm"
+                             "value": "27 mm"
                          },
                          {
                              "name": "Manufacturer",
                              "value": "Mauser (now Rheinmetall)"
-                        },
-                        {
-                            "name": "Proliferation",
-                            "value": "3,100"
                          },
                          {
@@ Line 239: / Line 240: @@
                          {
                              "name": "Basic Load",
-                             "value": "INA"
+                             "value": "120 Rounds"
                          }
                      ]
@@ Line 246: / Line 247: @@
          },
          {
-             "name": "Wing Mounted Weapon Systems",
+             "name": "Pylon Weapons System",
              "sections": [
                  {
-                     "name": "Missile System",
+                     "name": "Missile System (Option 1)",
                      "properties": [
                          {
                              "name": "Name",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "AIM-9 Sidewinder"
                          },
                          {
                              "name": "Type",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "In Service",
+                            "value": "1956-Present"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Proliferation",
+                            "value": "Widely Proliferated"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Length",
+                            "value": "3.02 m"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Diameter",
+                            "value": "127.0 mm"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Warhead",
+                            "value": "WDU-17/B annular blast-frag"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Warhead Weight",
+                            "value": "9.4 kg"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Detonation mechanism",
+                            "value": "IR proximity fuze"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Engine",
+                            "value": "Hercules/Bermite Mk. 36 Solid-fuel rocket"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Wingspan",
+                            "value": "279.4 mm"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "Basic Load",
+                             "name": "Operational Range",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "1.0 to 35.4 km"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Speed",
+                            "value": "Mach 2.5+"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Guidance System",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Infrared homing (most models)\nsemi-active radar homing (AIM-9C)"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Launch Platform",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Aircraft, naval vessels, fixed launchers, and ground vehicles"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Basic Load",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "INA"
                          }
                      ]
                  },
                  {
-                     "name": "Rocket System",
+                     "name": "Missile System (Option 2)",
                      "properties": [
                          {
                              "name": "Name",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "AGM-65 Maverick"
                          },
                          {
                              "name": "Type",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Air-to-Ground Missile"
                          },
                          {
                              "name": "Basic Load",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "INA"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Manufacturer",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Raytheon Missile Systems\nRaytheon"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Proliferation",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "70,000+"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Length",
+                            "value": "249 cm (8 ft 2 in)"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Diameter",
+                            "value": "30",
+                            "units": "cm"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Warhead",
+                            "value": "57 kg (126 lb) WDU-20/B shaped-charge (A/B/C/D/H models)\n136 kg (300 lb) WDU-24/B penetrating blast-fragmentation (E/F/G/J/K models)\nE models utilize FMU-135/B delayed impact fuze"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Weight",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "210–304 kg"
-                         }
+                         },
-                    ]
-                }
-            ]
-        },
-        {
-            "name": "Belly-Mounted Weapon Systems",
-            "sections": [
-                {
-                    "name": "Missile System",
-                    "properties": [
                          {
-                             "name": "Name",
+                             "name": "Engine",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "A/B:Thiokol SR109-TC-1\nD/E/F/G/H/J/K: SR114-TC-1 (or Aerojet SR115-AJ-1) Solid propellant rocket motor via a WPU-4/B or WPU-8/B propulsion section"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "Type",
+                             "name": "Wingspan",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "710 mm"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "Basic Load",
+                             "name": "Propellant",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Solid propellant"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Operational Range",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Greater than 22 km"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Speed",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "1,150 km/h"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Guidance System",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "system\nA/B/H/J/K:: Electro-optical guidance\nD/F/G: imaging infrared guidance\nE: Laser guidance"
                          }
                      ]
                  },
                  {
-                     "name": "Rocket System",
+                     "name": "Missile System (Option 3)",
                      "properties": [
                          {
                              "name": "Name",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "RBS-15"
                          },
                          {
                              "name": "Type",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Long-Range Fire-and-Forget Surface-to-Surface and Ar-to-Surface, Anti-Ship Missile."
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "Basic Load",
+                             "name": "Manufacturer",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Saab Bofors Dynamics, Diehl BGT Defence"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "In Service",
+                            "value": "1985-Present"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Proliferation",
+                            "value": "Widely Proliferated"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Length",
+                            "value": "4.33",
+                            "units": "m"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Diameter",
+                            "value": "50",
+                            "units": "cm"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Wingspan",
+                            "value": "1.4 m"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Warhead",
+                            "value": "200 kg HE blast and pre-fragmented warhead."
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Detonation Mechanism",
+                            "value": "impact or proximity"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Engine",
+                            "value": "Turbojet"
+                        },
+                        {
+                            "name": "Operational Range",
+                            "value": "70 km for RBS-15 Mk. I and II, 250 km for RBS-15 Mk. III, 300+km for RBS-15 MkV"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Flight Altitude",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Sea skimming"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Speed",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Subsonic"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Guidance System",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "inertial, GPS, terminal active radar homing (J band)"
                          },
                          {
-                             "name": "",
+                             "name": "Launch Platform",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "naval ships, aircraft and land-based missile launchers"
                          }
                      ]
                  },
                  {
-                     "name": "Bombing System",
+                     "name": "Rockets",
                      "properties": [
                          {
-                             "name": "Name",
+                             "name": "Note",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "Bofors M70 rockets"
-                         },
+                         }
+                    ]
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Bombs",
+                    "properties": [
                          {
-                             "name": "Type",
+                             "name": "Note",
-                             "value": ""
+                             "value": "DWS 39 submunition dispenser, iron bombs"
-                        },
-                        {
-                            "name": "Basic Load",
-                            "value": ""
                          }
                      ]
+                }
+            ],
+            "properties": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Number of Pylons",
+                    "value": "5 (four wing, one centerline), 2 wingtip rails"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Note",
+                    "value": "The Gripen is compatible with a number of different armaments, beyond the aircraft's single 27 mm Mauser BK-27 cannon (omitted on the two-seat variants), including air-to-air missiles such as the AIM-9 Sidewinder, air-to-ground missiles such as the AGM-65 Maverick, and anti-ship missiles such as the RBS-15. In 2010, the Swedish Air Force's Gripen fleet completed the MS19 upgrade process, enabling compatibility with a range of weapons, including the long-range MBDA Meteor missile, the short-range IRIS-T missile and the GBU-49 laser-guided bomb."
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Weapons Load",
+                    "value": "3,600 kg"
                  }
              ]
@@ Line 397: / Line 494: @@
                  {
                      "name": "Fire Control System Type",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "INA"
                  },
                  {
                      "name": "Fire Control Radar",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "Saab PS-05A"
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "Laser Desingator",
-                    "value": ""
                  },
                  {
-                     "name": "",
+                     "name": "PS-05A Radar",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "The Gripen entered service using the PS-05/A pulse-Doppler X band multi-mode radar, developed by Ericsson and GEC-Marconi, which is based on the latter's advanced Blue Vixen radar for the Sea Harrier that also served as the basis for the Eurofighter's CAPTOR radar. The all-weather radar is capable of locating and identifying targets 120 km (74 mi) away,and automatically tracking multiple targets in the upper and lower spheres, on the ground and sea or in the air. It can guide several beyond visual range air-to-air missiles to multiple targets simultaneously. Saab stated the PS-05/A is able to handle all types of air defence, air-to-surface, and reconnaissance missions, and is developing a Mark 4 upgrade to it.The Mark 4 version has a 150% increase in high-altitude air-to-air detection ranges, detection and tracking of smaller targets at current ranges, 140% improvement in air-to-air mode at low altitude, and full integration of modern weapons such as the AIM-120C-7 AMRAAM, AIM-9X Sidewinder, and MBDA Meteor missiles."
                  },
                  {
-                     "name": "",
+                     "name": "Laser Desingator",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "Yes"
                  },
                  {
-                     "name": "",
+                     "name": "Reconnaissance",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "Vinten Vicon 70 pod can be mounted on wingtip rails (to be replaced by MRPS)"
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "",
-                    "value": ""
                  }
              ]
@@ Line 430: / Line 519: @@
                  {
                      "name": "Stealth Properties",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "No"
                  },
                  {
                      "name": "Heat Signature Reduction",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "INA"
                  },
                  {
                      "name": "Add on Armor",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "INA"
                  },
                  {
                      "name": "NBC Protection",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "Yes"
                  },
                  {
                      "name": "EW Counter Measures",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "Yes, Rb 74 pod can be mounted on wingtip rails"
                  },
                  {
                      "name": "Chaffs/Flares",
-                     "value": ""
+                     "value": "Yes"
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "",
-                    "value": ""
                  }
              ]
@@ Line 462: / Line 547: @@
          {
              "name": "JAS 39A",
-             "notes": "initial version that entered service with the Swedish Air Force in 1996. A number have been upgraded to the C standard."
+             "notes": "The initial version that entered service with the Swedish Air Force in 1996. A number have been upgraded to the C standard."
          },
          {
              "name": "JAS 39B",
-             "notes": "two-seat version of the 39A for training, specialised missions and type conversion. To fit the second crew member and life support systems, the internal cannon and an internal fuel tank were removed and the airframe lengthened 0.66 m (2 ft 2 in)."
+             "notes": "A two-seat version of the 39A for training, specialised missions and type conversion. To fit the second crew member and life support systems, the internal cannon and an internal fuel tank were removed and the airframe lengthened 0.66 m (2 ft 2 in)."
          },
          {
              "name": "JAS 39C",
-             "notes": "NATO-compatible version of Gripen with extended capabilities in terms of armament, electronics, etc. Can be refuelled in flight."
+             "notes": "A NATO-compatible version of Gripen with extended capabilities in terms of armament, electronics, etc. Can be refuelled in flight."
          },
          {
              "name": "two-seat version of the 39C, with similar alterations as the 39B.",
-             "notes": "Improved version following on from the Gripen Demo technology demonstrator. Changes from the JAS 39C/D include the more powerful F414G engine, Raven ES-05 AESA radar, increased fuel capacity and payload, two additional hardpoints, and other improvements. These improvements have reportedly increased the Gripen NG costs to an estimated 24,000 Swiss Francs (US$27,000) per hour,[390] and increased the flyaway cost to 100 million Swiss Francs (US$113M)."
+             "notes": "A improved version following on from the Gripen Demo technology demonstrator. Changes from the JAS 39C/D include the more powerful F414G engine, Raven ES-05 AESA radar, increased fuel capacity and payload, two additional hardpoints, and other improvements. These improvements have reportedly increased the Gripen NG costs to an estimated 24,000 Swiss Francs (US$27,000) per hour,[390] and increased the flyaway cost to 100 million Swiss Francs (US$113M)."
          },
          {
              "name": "AS 39E",
-             "notes": "single-seat production version developed from the Gripen NG program, priced at US$85 million a unit. Sweden and Brazil have ordered the variant. Brazil's designation for this variant is F-39E"
+             "notes": "A single-seat production version developed from the Gripen NG program, priced at US$85 million a unit. Sweden and Brazil have ordered the variant. Brazil's designation for this variant is F-39E"
          },
          {
              "name": "single-seat production version developed from the Gripen NG program, priced at US$85 million a unit.[392] Sweden and Brazil have ordered the variant.[84][173][235] Brazil's designation for this variant is F-39E",
-             "notes": "two-seat version of the E variant. Eight ordered by Brazil,[248] to be developed and assembled in São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil; planned for pilot training and combat, being optimised for back seat air battle management, with jamming, information warfare and network attack, besides weapon system officer and electronic warfare roles. Brazil's designation for the variant is F-39F."
+             "notes": "A two-seat version of the E variant. Eight ordered by Brazil,[248] to be developed and assembled in São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil; planned for pilot training and combat, being optimised for back seat air battle management, with jamming, information warfare and network attack, besides weapon system officer and electronic warfare roles. Brazil's designation for the variant is F-39F."
          }
      ],