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Difference between revisions of "Infrastructure: Belesia"

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While the region’s five major countries have a significant number of urban residents, Belesia has almost half of its population living in rural areas. The country contains a mixture of modern cities and primitive rural villages. Modern utilities are found predominantly in the major cities and at reasonable levels throughout the rural countryside.  
+
== Infrastructure Overview ==
 +
While the region’s five major countries have a significant number of urban residents, Belesia has almost half of its population living in rural areas. The country contains a mixture of both modern cities, primitive rural villages, and everything in between. Modern utilities are found predominantly in the major cities and at reasonable levels throughout the rural countryside.  
  
−
Rapid urbanization is stressing the Belesian infrastructure. However, certain aspects are still among the best in the world in regards to services provided. Belesia has a robust mass transit system. Several bus companies provide transportation in major cities and to rural areas. Airports range from large international airports that can handle almost any aircraft, to small, unimproved dirt strips. Some seaports are modern that can handle the vast majority of global cargo vessels with dolphin platforms for the offloading of petroleum. The country suffers from high levels of pollution in the urban areas and the government has made policies to combat pollution in urban environments and water supplies.  
+
Rapid urbanization is stressing the Belesian infrastructure to its limits. Despite this, Belesia can still claim to be among the best in the world in regards to some of the services it provides. Belesia has a robust mass transit system. Several bus companies provide transportation in major cities and to rural areas. Airports range from large international airports that can handle almost any aircraft, to small, unimproved dirt strips. Some seaports are modern that can handle the vast majority of global cargo vessels with dolphin platforms for the offloading of petroleum. The country suffers from high levels of pollution in the urban areas and the government has made policies to combat pollution in urban environments and water supplies.
  
−
Urban areas contain skyscraper buildings at least 100 m tall, large apartment complexes, and residential suburbs. There is a shortage of available housing that meets the minimum standards causing some of the poorest residents to construct makeshift dwellings. This is predominantly in the outskirts of the major urban areas. The local governments are actively creating new low income housing areas. Typical rural construction is low quality wooden houses with corrugated roofs. The Belesian government is investing heavily in modernizing. They are expected to take decades before completion.
+
Urban areas contain skyscraper buildings at least 100 m tall, large apartment complexes, and residential suburbs. There is a shortage of available housing that meets the minimum standards causing some of the poorest residents to construct makeshift dwellings. This is predominantly in the outskirts of the major urban areas. The local governments are actively creating new low income housing areas. Typical rural construction is low quality wooden houses with corrugated roofs. The Belesian government is investing heavily in modernizing living conditions for its entire population, but these upgrades are expected to take decades before completion.
  
−
Construction patterns in Belesia’s urban areas are similar, with high-rise construction and low cost public housing requiring modernization due to age. City planners have extensive knowledge of strategic and sustainable city planning but are hampered by decades of unplanned growth and expansion. Building materials typically consist of concrete, steel, and rebar. In areas prone to flooding, houses are built on pilings to prevent flooding.
+
Construction patterns in Belesia’s urban areas are similar throughout the country, with high-rise construction contrasted with low cost public housing requiring modernization due to age. City planners have extensive knowledge of strategic and sustainable city planning but are hampered by decades of unplanned growth and expansion. Building materials typically consist of concrete, steel, and rebar. In areas prone to flooding, houses are built on pilings to prevent flooding.
  
 
Military operations in urban areas will initially benefit from modern electricity, water, sewage, and other utility services. As the size of the force increases however, it will further stress the grid and could cause catastrophic failure. Urban areas provide additional networks of subterranean and vertical construction that will provide cover and concealment for the enemy and possible refuge to civilians in times of conflict. Because of its expansive metropolitan population spread across numerous islands, any military operation in Belesia will involve intensive urban operations.
 
Military operations in urban areas will initially benefit from modern electricity, water, sewage, and other utility services. As the size of the force increases however, it will further stress the grid and could cause catastrophic failure. Urban areas provide additional networks of subterranean and vertical construction that will provide cover and concealment for the enemy and possible refuge to civilians in times of conflict. Because of its expansive metropolitan population spread across numerous islands, any military operation in Belesia will involve intensive urban operations.
  
 
== Major Belesian Cities and Urban Zones ==
 
== Major Belesian Cities and Urban Zones ==
−
Note: Belesian convention adds the term "city" following the municipality name to disambiguate it from other administrative regions or islands that might share the same name. Additionally, some city names--e.g. Naga--are used in more than one municipality. Belesia's national average for urban density is 232 km<sup>2</sup>.   
+
Note: Belesian convention adds the term "city" following the municipality name to disambiguate it from other administrative regions or islands that might share the same name. Additionally, some city names--e.g. Naga--are used in more than one municipality. Belesia's national average for urban density is 232 / km<sup>2</sup>.   
 +
 
 +
=== Infrastructure Matrix ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
−
| colspan="11" |                                                             '''Infrastructure Sub-Variables'''
+
| colspan="11" |'''Infrastructure Sub-Variables'''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|'''City'''
 
|'''City'''
−
|'''Est Pop (2017)'''
+
|'''Pop'''
−
|'''Pop Dens/km<sup>2</sup>'''
+
|'''Pop Dens/km<sup>2</sup>'''
 
|'''UBD'''
 
|'''UBD'''
−
|'''Rd'''
+
|'''Roads'''
 
|'''Air'''
 
|'''Air'''
 
|'''Rail'''
 
|'''Rail'''
 
|'''Sea'''
 
|'''Sea'''
−
|'''Pwr'''
+
|'''Power'''
−
|'''Wtr'''
+
|'''Water'''
−
|'''Sani'''
+
|'''Sewage/'''
 +
 
 +
'''Sanitation'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Davo City'''
+
|Davo City
 
|1,600,000
 
|1,600,000
 
|656
 
|656
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|Dv
 
|Dv
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Cebu City'''
+
|Cebu City
 
|922,611
 
|922,611
 
|2,934
 
|2,934
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|Dv
 
|Dv
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Zamboanga  City'''
+
|Zamboanga City
 
|861,799
 
|861,799
 
|618
 
|618
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|Dg
 
|Dg
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Cagayan de Oro City'''
+
|Cagayan de Oro City
 
|675,950
 
|675,950
 
|1,622
 
|1,622
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|Dv
 
|Dv
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Iloilo City'''
+
|Iloilo City
 
|447,992
 
|447,992
 
|5,792
 
|5,792
Line 90: Line 95:
 
|Dg
 
|Dg
 
|Dg
 
|Dg
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="11" |'''Legend''':  Population (Pop); Density (Dens); kilometer (km)
 +
 +
Per TC-7-101: UBD = Urban Building Density; low (L);  medium (M); high (H); primitive (P); moderate (M); complex (C); non-existent  (NE); degraded (Dg); developed (Dv)
 
|}
 
|}
−
''Legend (per TC-7-101): (UBD) urbanized building density, (L) low, (M) medium, (H) high,''
 
−
 
−
''(P) primitive, (M) moderate, (C) complex, (NE) non-existent, (Dg) degraded, (Dv) developed''
 
  
 
=== Davao City ===
 
=== Davao City ===
−
(Population 1.6 million - density 656 km<sup>2</sup>)    
+
Davao City is the capital of Belesia. It is also Belesia's largest city in both territory and population. The larger metro area of Davao City, Tagum, Panabo, Samal, and Digos combines for a total population of 2.5 million. Urban development is even more condensed than Cebu City, with over 75% of the population living and working within 15% of Davao City's land area.    
  
−
Davao City is the capital of Belesia. It is also Belesia's largest city in both territory and population. The larger metro area of Davao City, Tagum, Panabo, Samal, and Digos combines for a total population of 2.5 million. Urban development is even more condensed than Cebu City, with over 75% of the population living and working within 15% of Davao City's land area.
+
=== Cebu City ===
 +
Cebu City serves as Belesia’s major port in the center of the Belesian archipelago. Metropolitan Cebu is made up of Cebu City, Carcar, Danao, Manuaue, Naga, Talisay, and Lapu-Lapu, with a combined population of 2.8 million. It is the most populous metro area in Belesia. Development is condensed to less than 20 percent of the terrain due to steep forested mountain ranges running parallel to the coastline. The city also boasts one of the largest and most sheltered harbors in Belesia. The buildings in the main urban areas consist of high-rise buildings, single family and duplex dwellings, and high-rise apartment buildings. On the periphery are the government tenement housing and shantytowns. A well-developed city core serves as an intermixed commercial and institutional center, with a larger residential zone on the surrounding periphery. Major shipping and ship repair facilities dominate the waterfront on the city's northwest coastline.  
  
−
=== Cebu City ===
+
=== Zamboanga City ===
−
(Population 922,611 - density 2,934 km<sup>2</sup>)
 
  
−
Cebu serves as Belesia’s major port in the center of the Belesian archipelago. Metropolitan Cebu is made up of Cebu City, Carcar, Danao, Manuaue, Naga, Talisay, and Lapu-Lapu, with a combined population of 2.8 million. It is the most populous metro area in Belesia. Development is condensed to less than 20 percent of the terrain due to steep forested mountain ranges running parallel to the coastline. The city also boasts one of the largest and most sheltered harbors in Belesia. The buildings in the main urban areas consist of high-rise buildings, single family and duplex dwellings, and high-rise apartment buildings. On the periphery are the government tenement housing and shantytowns. A well-developed city core serves as an intermixed commercial and institutional center, with a larger residential zone on the surrounding periphery. Major shipping and ship repair facilities dominate the waterfront on the city's northwest coastline.
+
Zamboanga City sits at the extreme western end of Mindanao Island at the bottom of a peninsula straddling the Sulu Sea and Celebes Sea. As with the other major Belesian cities, it boasts a good deep-water port. However, it is more known as a commercial fishing port and seafood processing center than a trade port. Construction is high-density mid-rise with orderly block-style development within the city core. Government, industry, and commerce are mixed in the central district surrounding the city pier. Development stretches primarily in an east-west fashion following the coastline. It transitions to more random, residential, and low-rise construction radiating out from the city center.  
  
−
=== Zamboanga City ===
+
=== Cagayan de Oro City ===
 +
Cagayan de Oro City sits on the north side of Mindanao Island on the center of the Macajalar Bay coastline and is bisected by the Cagayan de Oro River. Seven other rivers also flow into this bay within a 16 km stretch of coastline. It is bounded by Mt. Mangabon 35 km to the east and Mt. Katanglad 35 km to the south. The port and industrial facilities are east of the river, with residences, resorts, and agriculture dominant on the west side. Construction is densely concentrated mid to low rise buildings surrounded by green space and agriculture. Construction patterns are mostly orderly, accounting for the irregularities dictated by the river courses. Government and other institutions are distributed on both sides of the river, mostly in the city center away from the shoreline. The terrain becomes extremely sloped within 10 kilometers of the shoreline where development abruptly ends..
  
−
(Population 861,799 - density 618 km<sup>2</sup>) 
+
=== Iloilo City ===
  
−
Zamboanga City sits at the extreme western end of Mindanao Island at the bottom of a peninsula straddling the Sulu Sea and Celebes Sea. As with the other major Belesian cities, it boasts a good deep-water port. However, it is more known as a commercial fishing port and seafood processing center than a trade port. Construction is high-density mid-rise with orderly block-style development within the city core. Government, industry, and commerce are mixed in the central district surrounding the city pier. Development stretches primarily in an east-west fashion following the coastline. It transitions to more random, residential, and low-rise construction radiating out from the city center.
+
Iloilo City is the largest city on the Belesian island of Panay. The greater metropolitan population is 946,146. It sits on a large alluvial plain with much of development occurring on low-lying or reclaimed land. The Iloilo and Batiano Rivers in the south form two east-west peninsulas containing most of the old city residences and commerce. The Jaro Floodway forms the northern boundary of the city's development. The old airport forms the nucleus of a central business district, housing most of Iloilo's high-rise construction. The city's oceanfront borders the Iloilo Strait. Resorts and residences dominate the south coast, with traders and heavy industry accounting for most of the northeast coastal development. Construction patterns are mostly dense orderly along the peninsulas and in the central business district, giving way to dense random low-rise construction in the outlying districts.      
  
−
=== Cagayan de Oro City ===
+
== Energy Sector ==
−
(Population 675,950 - density 1,622 km<sup>2</sup>)  
+
electricity; 96% in urban areas and 80% in rural areas. Large interconnection lines provide some measure of stability to the national grid. Getting power to the smaller outlying islands is a challenge. These islands are mainly serviced by small diesel generators (<1 MW) operating on a mini-grid. Those islands close enough to the main grid are connected via undersea cable.
  
−
Cagayan de Oro City sits on the north side of Mindanao Island on the center of the Macajalar Bay coastline and is bisected by the Cagayan de Oro River. Seven other rivers also flow into this bay within a 16 km stretch of coastline. It is bounded by Mt. Mangabon 35 km to the east and Mt. Katanglad 35 km to the south. The port and industrial facilities are east of the river, with residences, resorts, and agriculture dominant on the west side. Construction is densely concentrated mid to low rise buildings surrounded by green space and agriculture. Construction patterns are mostly orderly, accounting for the irregularities dictated by the river courses. Government and other institutions are distributed on both sides of the river, mostly in the city center away from the shoreline. The terrain becomes extremely sloped within 10 kilometers of the shoreline where development abruptly ends.
+
=== Nuclear Power ===
 +
There are no nuclear power plants in Belesia.
  
−
=== Iloilo City ===
+
=== Renewable Power ===
 +
Wind, solar, and biomass plants are gaining popularity with the number of new plants being built each year rising by 10-12%. Nearly all of the renewable energy plants have been developed within the last two decades, which means that they are significantly new and more modern than existing hydrocarbon power plants.
  
−
(Population 447,992 - density 5,792 km<sup>2</sup>)     
+
=== Hydrocarbon Power ===
 +
Of the 63 operational hydrocarbon power plants, over half of the generating capacity comes from 16 coal-fired plants. These power plants have the greatest age on them and are more susceptible to breaking down just because of their age. Sometimes it is tough to find replacement parts for equipment and technology that was developed nearly six decades ago, or longer. In the past, Belesia has gone to North Torbia for assistance with fixing and maintaining outdated industrial equipment. However the latest round of international sanctions has made this more difficult.
  
−
Iloilo City is the largest city on the Belesian island of Panay. The greater metropolitan population is 946,146. It sits on a large alluvial plain with much of development occurring on low-lying or reclaimed land. The Iloilo and Batiano Rivers in the south form two east-west peninsulas containing most of the old city residences and commerce. The Jaro Floodway forms the northern boundary of the city's development. The old airport forms the nucleus of a central business district, housing most of Iloilo's high-rise construction. The city's oceanfront borders the Iloilo Strait. Resorts and residences dominate the south coast, with traders and heavy industry accounting for most of the northeast coastal development. Construction patterns are mostly dense orderly along the peninsulas and in the central business district, giving way to dense random low-rise construction in the outlying districts.    
+
=== Hydroelectric Power ===
 +
Approximately 33% of Belesia’s power comes from 23 hydroelectric and geothermal plants. Hydroelectric power will continue to be an important resource in creating power in the country. While there are protestors that wish to get rid of any power produced by fossil fuels, this attitude has not transferred to the country’s hydroelectric and geothermal plants.
  
−
== Utilities Present ==
+
=== Power Plant Data Matrix ===
−
=== Power ===
+
{| class="wikitable"
−
Belesia's major power generating capacity is 9.5 gigawatts and over 87% of Belsians have access to electricity; 96% in urban areas and 80% in rural areas. Of the 63 operational power plants, over half of the generating capacity comes from 16 coal-fired plants and approximately 33% from 23 hydroelectric and geothermal plants. Large interconnection lines provide some measure of stability to the national grid. Getting power to the smaller outlying islands is a challenge. These islands are mainly serviced by small diesel generators (<1 MW) operating on a mini-grid. Wind, solar, and biomass plants are gaining popularity. Those islands close enough to the main grid are connected via undersea cable.         
+
| colspan="7" |'''Major Belesian Power Plants'''
−
==== Power Plant Data ====
 
−
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
 
−
|+Belesian Power Plants
 
−
!Name
 
−
!Fuel
 
−
!Capacity
 
−
(MW)
 
−
!DLAT
 
−
!DLONG
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Agus 1 Hydroelectric Power Plant
+
|'''Name or Location'''
 +
|'''Fuel Type'''
 +
|'''Capacity (MW)'''
 +
|'''Latitude'''
 +
| colspan="2" |'''Longitude'''
 +
|'''MGRS'''
 +
|-
 +
|Agus 1 Hydroelectric Power Plan
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|80
 
|80
−
|8.0046
+
| colspan="2" |8.0046
 
|124.2868
 
|124.2868
 +
|51PXJ4181485028
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Agus 6 Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Agus 6 Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|200
 
|200
−
|8.1937
+
| colspan="2" |8.1937
 
|124.1915
 
|124.1915
 +
|51PXK3124805906
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Agus II Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Agus II Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|180
 
|180
−
|8.0528
+
| colspan="2" |8.0528
 
|124.2709
 
|124.2709
 +
|51PXJ4004590352
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Agusan 2 Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Agusan 2 Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|1.6
 
|1.6
−
|8.352649
+
| colspan="2" |8.352649
 
|124.768953
 
|124.768953
 +
|51PXK9479523721
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ampiro Geothermal Power Project
 
|Ampiro Geothermal Power Project
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|30
 
|30
−
|6.983814
+
| colspan="2" |6.983814
 
|125.276017
 
|125.276017
 +
|51NYH5146172567
 
|-
 
|-
 
|BacMan Geothermal Production Field
 
|BacMan Geothermal Production Field
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|140
 
|140
−
|13.0547
+
| colspan="2" |13.0547
 
|123.9678
 
|123.9678
 +
|51PXQ0493143384
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bacolad Solar Field
 
|Bacolad Solar Field
 
|Solar
 
|Solar
 
|25
 
|25
−
|10.8055
+
| colspan="2" |10.8055
 
|122.9908
 
|122.9908
 +
|51PVM9899494473
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Balingasag Power Station
 
|Balingasag Power Station
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|165
 
|165
−
|8.7662
+
| colspan="2" |8.7662
 
|124.7685
 
|124.7685
 +
|51PXK9453569461
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Baloi Hydro Plant
 
|Baloi Hydro Plant
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|158.1
 
|158.1
−
|8.1336
+
| colspan="2" |8.1336
 
|124.1983
 
|124.1983
 +
|51PXJ3201799262
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Belesia Group Power Plant
 
|Belesia Group Power Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|511
 
|511
−
|14.230976
+
| colspan="2" |14.230976
 
|121.756985
 
|121.756985
 +
|51PUR6589173629
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Biliran Geothermal Plant
 
|Biliran Geothermal Plant
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|49
 
|49
−
|11.563737
+
| colspan="2" |11.563737
 
|124.407216
 
|124.407216
 +
|51PXN5344478691
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bohol Diesel Power Plant
 
|Bohol Diesel Power Plant
 
|Diesel
 
|Diesel
 
|11
 
|11
−
|9.644151
+
| colspan="2" |9.644151
 
|123.875069
 
|123.875069
 +
|51PWL9600966191
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bubunawan Run Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Bubunawan Run Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|32
 
|32
−
|8.382527
+
| colspan="2" |8.382527
−
|124.650444
+
|124.6504
 +
|51PXK8172326968
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Calong Solar Field
 
|Calong Solar Field
 
|Solar
 
|Solar
 
|60
 
|60
−
|10.4152
+
| colspan="2" |10.4152
 
|123.6789
 
|123.6789
−
|-
+
|51PWM7430951398
−
|CEB Coal Fired Power Plant
 
−
|Coal
 
−
|167.4
 
−
|10.7235
 
−
|122.5961
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Cebu Private Power Corporation
 
|Cebu Private Power Corporation
 
|Natural Gas
 
|Natural Gas
 
|260
 
|260
−
|10.290472
+
| colspan="2" |10.290472
 
|123.898087
 
|123.898087
 +
|51PWM9834137666
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Colorado Solar Plant
 
|Colorado Solar Plant
 
|Solar
 
|Solar
 
|28.6
 
|28.6
−
|6.7718
+
| colspan="2" |6.7718
 
|125.2853
 
|125.2853
 +
|51NYH5259949116
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Concepcion Power Plant
 
|Concepcion Power Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|135
 
|135
−
|11.1872
+
| colspan="2" |11.1872
−
|123.121
+
|123.1210
 +
|51PWN1321036681
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Cosmic Solar Plant
 
|Cosmic Solar Plant
 
|Solar
 
|Solar
 
|5.7
 
|5.7
−
|10.6163
+
| colspan="2" |10.6163
 
|122.1683
 
|122.1683
 +
|51PVM0902373675
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Don Carlos Biomass Energy Plant
 
|Don Carlos Biomass Energy Plant
 
|Biomass
 
|Biomass
 
|10
 
|10
−
|10.5116
+
| colspan="2" |10.5116
 
|123.4351
 
|123.4351
 +
|51PWM4760862010
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Green Power Bukidnon
 
|Green Power Bukidnon
 
|Biomass
 
|Biomass
 
|35
 
|35
−
|7.7851
+
| colspan="2" |7.7851
 
|124.8262
 
|124.8262
−
|-
+
|51NYJ0138260975
−
|Green Power Panay
 
−
|Biomass
 
−
|35
 
−
|10.9333
 
−
|122.5782
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Hopewell Power Station
 
|Hopewell Power Station
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|728
 
|728
−
|10.2185
+
| colspan="2" |10.2185
 
|123.7577
 
|123.7577
 +
|51PWM8298629668
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Kalilangan Biomass Energy Corporation
+
|Kalilangan Biomas Energy Corporation
 
|Biomass
 
|Biomass
 
|10
 
|10
−
|7.7834
+
| colspan="2" |7.7834
 
|124.8265
 
|124.8265
 +
|51NYJ0141660787
 
|-
 
|-
 
|La Carlota II Solar Plant
 
|La Carlota II Solar Plant
 
|Solar
 
|Solar
 
|48
 
|48
−
|10.4249
+
| colspan="2" |10.4249
−
|122.9282
+
|122.928
 +
|51PVM9211952392
 
|-
 
|-
 
|La Carlota Solar Power Plant
 
|La Carlota Solar Power Plant
 
|Solar
 
|Solar
 
|32
 
|32
−
|10.4216
+
| colspan="2" |10.4216
 
|122.9348
 
|122.9348
 +
|51PVM9286352027
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Lakewood Geothermal Prospect
 
|Lakewood Geothermal Prospect
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|40
 
|40
−
|7.854843
+
| colspan="2" |7.854843
 
|123.135271
 
|123.135271
 +
|51NWJ1491168252
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Lanao Kauswagan Power Station
 
|Lanao Kauswagan Power Station
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|552
 
|552
−
|8.186442
+
| colspan="2" |8.186442
 
|124.117646
 
|124.117646
 +
|51PXK2311405080
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Leyte Geothermal Production Field
 
|Leyte Geothermal Production Field
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|588.4
 
|588.4
−
|11.141893
+
| colspan="2" |11.141893
−
|124.62
+
|124.6200
 +
|51PXN7691132152
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Leyte Optimization Geothermal Power Station
 
|Leyte Optimization Geothermal Power Station
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|50.9
 
|50.9
−
|11.172973
+
| colspan="2" |11.172973
 
|124.629651
 
|124.629651
 +
|51PXN7794735595
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ludo Power Station
 
|Ludo Power Station
 
|Natural Gas
 
|Natural Gas
 
|200
 
|200
−
|10.290414
+
| colspan="2" |10.290414
 
|123.889213
 
|123.889213
 +
|51PWM9736937656
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Mindanao Geothermal Power Plant
+
|Mindanao Geothermal Power Plan
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|106
 
|106
−
|7.012785
+
| colspan="2" |7.012785
 
|125.219875
 
|125.219875
 +
|51NYH4524075742
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Misamis Oriental Biomass Energy Plant
 
|Misamis Oriental Biomass Energy Plant
 
|Biomass
 
|Biomass
 
|12
 
|12
−
|8.5577
+
| colspan="2" |8.5577
 
|124.5080
 
|124.5080
 +
|51PXK6596546278
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Mt. Sibulan-Kapatagan Geothermal Power Project
 
|Mt. Sibulan-Kapatagan Geothermal Power Project
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|300
 
|300
−
|9.355128
+
| colspan="2" |9.355128
 
|123.156392
 
|123.156392
 +
|51PWL1717234118
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Mt.Apo Geothermal Plant
+
|Mt. Apo Geothermal Plant
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|106
 
|106
−
|7.012785
+
| colspan="2" |7.012785
 
|125.219875
 
|125.219875
 +
|51NYH4524075742
 
|-
 
|-
 
|NAC Diesel Fired Power Plant
 
|NAC Diesel Fired Power Plant
 
|Diesel
 
|Diesel
 
|10.9
 
|10.9
−
|9.7189
+
| colspan="2" |9.7189
 
|125.5081
 
|125.5081
 +
|51PYL7519275350
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Naga Thermal Power Complex
 
|Naga Thermal Power Complex
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|43.4
 
|43.4
−
|10.2185
+
| colspan="2" |10.2185
 
|123.7577
 
|123.7577
 +
|51PWM8298629668
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant
 
|Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|49.4
 
|49.4
−
|9.287398
+
| colspan="2" |9.287398
 
|123.239144
 
|123.239144
 +
|51PWL2626426635
 
|-
 
|-
−
|National Power Coporation Hydro Plant
+
|National Power Corporation Hydro Plant
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|255
 
|255
−
|7.7156
+
| colspan="2" |7.7156
 
|125.0236
 
|125.0236
 +
|51NYJ2319553386
 
|-
 
|-
 
|One Power Energy
 
|One Power Energy
 
|Biomass
 
|Biomass
 
|42
 
|42
−
|10.3163
+
| colspan="2" |10.3163
 
|123.9012
 
|123.9012
 +
|51PWM9867440523
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Pagbilao Power Plant
 
|Pagbilao Power Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|420
 
|420
−
|13.8932
+
| colspan="2" |13.8932
−
|121.745
+
|121.7450
 +
|51PUR6439936271
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant
 
|Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|172.5
 
|172.5
−
|9.287398
+
| colspan="2" |9.287398
 
|123.239144
 
|123.239144
 +
|51PWL2626426635
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Panay Diesel Power Plant
 
|Panay Diesel Power Plant
 
|Diesel
 
|Diesel
 
|74.9
 
|74.9
−
|11.024764
+
| colspan="2" |11.024764
 
|122.632853
 
|122.632853
 +
|51PVN5989418742
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Pililla Wind Farm
 
|Pililla Wind Farm
 
|Wind
 
|Wind
 
|54
 
|54
−
|14.470997
+
| colspan="2" |14.470997
 
|121.36749
 
|121.36749
 +
|51PUS2404700443
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Pulangi IV Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Pulangi IV Hydroelectric Power Plant
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|255
 
|255
−
|7.786453
+
| colspan="2" |7.786453
 
|125.023622
 
|125.023622
 +
|51NYJ2316161224
 
|-
 
|-
−
|San Carlos BioPower
+
|San Carlos Bio Power
 
|Biomass
 
|Biomass
 
|19.9
 
|19.9
−
|10.5158
+
| colspan="2" |10.5158
 
|123.4351
 
|123.4351
 +
|51PWM4760862475
 
|-
 
|-
 
|San Lorenzo Wind Farm
 
|San Lorenzo Wind Farm
 
|Wind
 
|Wind
 
|54
 
|54
−
|10.590663
+
| colspan="2" |10.590663
 
|122.692253
 
|122.692253
 +
|51PVM6633470736
 
|-
 
|-
 
|San Miguel Coal Power Plant
 
|San Miguel Coal Power Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|135
 
|135
−
|6.3943
+
| colspan="2" |6.3943
 
|125.6173
 
|125.6173
 +
|51NYH8953907528
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Sarangani Power
 
|Sarangani Power
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|118
 
|118
−
|5.871
+
| colspan="2" |5.8710
 
|125.0789
 
|125.0789
 +
|51NYG3017349371
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Sembrano Wind Farm
 
|Sembrano Wind Farm
 
|Wind
 
|Wind
 
|72
 
|72
−
|14.378314
+
| colspan="2" |14.378314
 
|121.371138
 
|121.371138
 +
|51PUR2436890186
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Sibulan Hydro A
 
|Sibulan Hydro A
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|42.5
 
|42.5
−
|6.884339
+
| colspan="2" |6.884339
 
|125.370175
 
|125.370175
 +
|51NYH6192561612
 
|-
 
|-
 
|SPI Cebu Diesel Power Plant
 
|SPI Cebu Diesel Power Plant
 
|Diesel
 
|Diesel
 
|43.8
 
|43.8
−
|10.417016
+
| colspan="2" |10.417016
 
|123.668987
 
|123.668987
 +
|51PWM7322451597
 
|-
 
|-
 
|SPI Power Coal Plant
 
|SPI Power Coal Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|232
 
|232
−
|8.5725
+
| colspan="2" |8.5725
 
|124.7573
 
|124.7573
 +
|51PXK9340248031
 
|-
 
|-
 
|SPI Power Plant
 
|SPI Power Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|200
 
|200
−
|10.217068
+
| colspan="2" |10.217068
 
|123.761906
 
|123.761906
 +
|51PWM8344729510
 
|-
 
|-
 
|State Power Inc. Coal Power Plant
 
|State Power Inc. Coal Power Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|232
 
|232
−
|8.5601
+
| colspan="2" |8.5601
 
|124.7465
 
|124.7465
 +
|51PXK9221946654
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Sultan Energy
 
|Sultan Energy
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|200
 
|200
−
|6.689869
+
| colspan="2" |6.689869
 
|124.671891
 
|124.671891
 +
|51NXH8480639779
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Supercritical Coal Power Plant
 
|Supercritical Coal Power Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|500
 
|500
−
|14.230976
+
| colspan="2" |14.230976
 
|121.756985
 
|121.756985
 +
|51PUR6589173629
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Talomo Hydro 3
 
|Talomo Hydro 3
 
|Hydro
 
|Hydro
 
|4.5
 
|4.5
−
|7.096392
+
| colspan="2" |7.096392
 
|125.609596
 
|125.609596
 +
|51NYH8827085216
 
|-
 
|-
 
|ThermaBelesia
 
|ThermaBelesia
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|300
 
|300
−
|6.964542
+
| colspan="2" |6.964542
 
|125.481212
 
|125.481212
 +
|51NYH7415670549
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant
 
|Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant
 
|Geothermal
 
|Geothermal
 
|275
 
|275
−
|13.4655
+
| colspan="2" |13.4655
 
|123.6486
 
|123.6486
 +
|51PWQ7020388707
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Toledo Power Plant
 
|Toledo Power Plant
 
|Coal
 
|Coal
 
|200
 
|200
−
|10.3871
+
| colspan="2" |10.3871
 
|123.6401
 
|123.6401
 +
|51PWM7006848282
 
|-
 
|-
 
|VECO Power Generation
 
|VECO Power Generation
 
|Natural Gas
 
|Natural Gas
 
|307
 
|307
−
|10.289471
+
| colspan="2" |10.289471
 
|123.89744
 
|123.89744
 +
|51PWM9827037555
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Western Mindanao Power Corporation
 
|Western Mindanao Power Corporation
 
|Diesel
 
|Diesel
 
|100
 
|100
−
|7.081824
+
| colspan="2" |7.081824
 
|122.213842
 
|122.213842
 +
|51NVH1318082867
 
|-
 
|-
 +
| colspan="7" |'''Legend''': MW:  Megawatt     MGRS: Military Grid  Reference System
 
|}
 
|}
 +
 +
=== Home Heating ===
 +
Home Heating: Due to the tropical climate (see Physical Environment variable) in most of Belesia, the temperature does not drop low enough so that heating is necessary. For the times when this does occur, most families put a few charcoal briquettes in the family stove to help heat the house. During this periods, the kitchen becomes even more of the hub for a family than normal.
 +
 +
== Water and Sanitation ==
 +
Belesia continues to improve the number of its citizens that can access potable water and proper sanitation facilities. NGOs visit rural villages on a regular basis to educate the people on proper methods to gain access to clean water and dispose of body waste. These programs and the construction of facilities continue to improve the health of Belesians.
  
 
=== Water ===
 
=== Water ===
Line 519: Line 584:
  
 
=== Sanitation ===
 
=== Sanitation ===
−
Seventy-five percent of the population has access to an improved sanitation, predominantly those in the developed urban areas. Even in the cities, this does not always equate to fixed plumbing in residences, but also includes improved latrines. The lack of universal or adequate sanitation contributes to the high rate of infectious disease spread, especially in the dense urban environments.
+
Seventy-five percent of the population has access to an improved sanitation, predominantly those in the developed urban areas. Even in the cities, this does not always equate to fixed plumbing in residences, but also includes improved latrines. The lack of universal or adequate sanitation contributes to the high rate of infectious disease spread, especially in the dense urban
  
 
== Transportation Architecture ==
 
== Transportation Architecture ==
−
Roads are the primary intra-island transportation method. Although air travel is gaining popularity, surface transport by boat, ferry, or coastal freighter is the primary inter-island mode of transport. The rail network of the country is currently being upgraded to support mass transit and become more reliable and thus viable means of transportation. Most roads, especially rural roads, are in poor condition at best, due to lack of maintenance. While Belesia has no operational railway, tentative plans envision initial construction around the capital city of Davao, eventually expanding out with 2,000 km of coverage throughout Mindanao.   
+
Roads are the primary intra-island transportation method. Although air travel is gaining popularity, surface transport by boat, ferry, or coastal freighter is the primary inter-island mode of transport. Most roads, especially rural roads, are in poor condition at best, due to lack of maintenance. While Belesia has no operational railway, tentative plans envision initial construction around the capital city of Davao, eventually expanding out with 2,000 km of coverage throughout Mindanao.   
−
=== Road Systems ===
+
=== Road System ===
−
Overall, Belesian roads are below US standards. Driving is extremely hazardous and even more so at night and during the rainy season. In general, drivers fail to obey traffic laws and their vehicles do not meet Belesian minimum safety standards. However, over 92 percent of Belesia's roads are paved and almost all of the unpaved roads are have a gravel road bed. The network consists mainly of three types of national roads: Primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary roads connect three or more major population centers of 100,000 or more. Secondary roads connect major population centers to smaller cities and tertiary roads are any other maintained by the national government. The Belesian government maintains over 1,200 permanent bridges. 
+
Overall, Belesian roads are below US standards. Driving is extremely hazardous and even more so at night and during the rainy season. In general, drivers typically ignore traffic laws and many vehicles on the roads fail to meet the minimum safety standards outlined by the government.  
  
−
Road maintenance projects will stress military traffic flow as road construction projects typically work on one direction, creating single lane travel alternating direction. As anywhere else in the world, these projects often take several months to complete.
+
==== Paved Roads ====
 +
About 62% percent of Belesia's roads are paved. The network consists mainly of three types of national roads: Primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary roads connect three or more major population centers of 100,000 or more. Secondary roads connect major population centers to smaller cities and tertiary roads are any other maintained by the national government. The Belesian government maintains over 1,200 permanent bridges. During the monsoon season, roads in elevated areas have been known to have the soil wash out from underneath them, causing a collapse.  
  
−
=== Bus ===
+
==== Unpaved Roads ====
 +
About 38% of Belesia’s roads are unpaved. Most of these contain a gravel road bed that helps drainage during rainstorms. Most of the country receives a large amount of rainfall and dirt roads without a gravel base are quickly washed away. Road maintenance projects create bottlenecks cutting two-way traffic to a single lane alternating the flow of traffic every few minutes. As anywhere else in the world, these projects often take several months to complete.       
 +
 
 +
==== Local Driving Habits ====
 +
Belesian drivers have terrible habits including: overuse of the horn; texting while driving; racing to beat the red light; changing lanes too often; tailgating; failure to use seatbelts; using their hazard lights to park anywhere for a quick stop (e.g. an ATM withdrawal, or to make a quick purchase with a street vendor); and unloading passengers anywhere. If stopped for moving violations, most Belesian drivers will attempt to bribe the law enforcement officers.
 +
 
 +
=== Public Transportation ===
 
The larger the city the more likely it is to be a hub for bus traffic. The bus companies are independently owned and operated. The buses run both in the major metropolitan areas and to the more rural areas, providing mainly long distance travel to the civilian population. Very few Belesians use them for local travel, as there are other more efficient and reliable ways to move around the congestion in the major metropolitan areas. The buses used by the private companies do not come from any predominant manufacturer. For the smaller companies that cannot afford to purchase new buses many are refurbished and updated. Many of the buses have air conditioning, which require passengers to pay an additional fee to ride. Many of the major bus companies originate their lines from the major metropolitan areas and then run to the more rural areas. Typically, the routes traveled are limited to only a few companies to each area.  
 
The larger the city the more likely it is to be a hub for bus traffic. The bus companies are independently owned and operated. The buses run both in the major metropolitan areas and to the more rural areas, providing mainly long distance travel to the civilian population. Very few Belesians use them for local travel, as there are other more efficient and reliable ways to move around the congestion in the major metropolitan areas. The buses used by the private companies do not come from any predominant manufacturer. For the smaller companies that cannot afford to purchase new buses many are refurbished and updated. Many of the buses have air conditioning, which require passengers to pay an additional fee to ride. Many of the major bus companies originate their lines from the major metropolitan areas and then run to the more rural areas. Typically, the routes traveled are limited to only a few companies to each area.  
  
−
Any military operations in the country that affect the bus system may cause strain on the transportation system and cause extended delays resulting in a decreased perception of military forces by the civilian population. Military operations in Belesia would involve inspecting buses for contraband and illegal weapons .
+
=== Rail System ===
 +
Belesia has no operational railway system. Rugged terrain, adequate roads and plentiful water transport challenge the feasibility for a capital-intensive rail system. Initial work is proceeding on a 150- km prototype line in Davao City on Mindanao Island. If successful, an eventual 2,000 km system is planned to cover the entire island.
  
−
=== Rail ===
+
=== Air Transportation System ===
−
Belesia has no operational railway system. Rugged terrain, adequate roads and plentiful water transport challenge the feasibility for a capital-intensive rail system. Initial work is proceeding on a 150 km prototype line in Davao City on Mindanao Island. If successful, an eventual 2,000 km system is planned to cover the entire island. 
+
Belesia's airport infrastructure can support major military operations. The two major international airports are located at Davao City on Mindanao Island, and Cebu City on Cebu Island, though most major islands have an international airport serving as a first port of entry. Belesia's network of airfield, fixed base operators, and maintenance facilities can accommodate most intermediate and some depot-level maintenance for its civil air fleet.     
−
 
 
−
=== Air Transportation Systems ===
 
−
Belesia's airport infrastructure can support major military operations. The two major international airports are located at Davao City on Mindanao Island, and Cebu City on Cebu Island, though most major island have an international airport serving as a first port of entry. Belesia's network of airfield, fixed base operators, and maintenance facilities can accommodate most intermediate and some depot-level maintenance for its civil air fleet.     
 
  
 
==== Paved Runways ====
 
==== Paved Runways ====
Line 544: Line 614:
 
* 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 28
 
* 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 28
 
* 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 34
 
* 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 34
−
* Less then 3,000 feet: 3
+
* Less than 3,000 feet: 3
  
 
==== Unpaved Runways ====
 
==== Unpaved Runways ====
Line 551: Line 621:
 
* 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 2
 
* 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 2
 
* 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 19
 
* 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 19
−
* Less then 3,000 feet: 35
+
* Less than 3,000 feet: 35
  
−
==== Airfield Data ====
+
==== Airfield Data Chart ====
−
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
+
{| class="wikitable"
−
|+Belesian Airfields
+
| colspan="9" |'''Belesian Airfields'''
−
!City
 
−
!Island
 
−
!Rwy Length
 
−
(ft)
 
−
!Rwy Width
 
−
(ft)
 
−
!Elev
 
−
(ft)
 
−
!DLAT
 
−
!DLONG
 
−
!Surface
 
−
!Lights
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Aborlan
+
|City
−
|Palawan
+
|'''Length (feet)'''
 +
|'''Width (feet)'''
 +
|'''Elv'''
 +
 
 +
'''(Feet)'''
 +
|'''MGRS'''
 +
|'''Lat'''
 +
|'''Long'''
 +
|'''Sur-'''
 +
 
 +
'''face'''
 +
|'''Lts'''
 +
|-
 +
|Aborian
 
|2500
 
|2500
 
|50
 
|50
 
|1575
 
|1575
 +
|50PPR7050351652
 
|9.5103
 
|9.5103
 
|118.5533
 
|118.5533
Line 580: Line 652:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Agutaya
 
|Agutaya
−
|Pamalican
 
 
|3946
 
|3946
 
|184
 
|184
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PTN5202056621
 
|11.3588
 
|11.3588
 
|120.7278
 
|120.7278
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Alcantara
 
|Alcantara
−
|Tablas
 
 
|4560
 
|4560
 
|98
 
|98
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|51PVP0050561113
 
|12.3110
 
|12.3110
 
|122.0850
 
|122.0850
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Aroroy
 
|Aroroy
−
|Masbate
 
 
|2009
 
|2009
 
|47
 
|47
 
|165
 
|165
 +
|51PWP3078994743
 
|12.6165
 
|12.6165
 
|123.2835
 
|123.2835
Line 610: Line 682:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Asturias
 
|Asturias
−
|Cebu
 
 
|1070
 
|1070
 
|45
 
|45
 
|207
 
|207
 +
|51PWM8157765259
 
|10.5404
 
|10.5404
 
|123.7456
 
|123.7456
Line 620: Line 692:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Asuncion
 
|Asuncion
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2220
 
|2220
 
|25
 
|25
 
|141
 
|141
 +
|51NZJ0131835571
 
|7.5507
 
|7.5507
 
|125.7304
 
|125.7304
Line 630: Line 702:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bacolod
 
|Bacolod
−
|Negros
 
 
|6569
 
|6569
 
|148
 
|148
 
|26
 
|26
 +
|51PVM9230076440
 
|10.6424
 
|10.6424
 
|122.9296
 
|122.9296
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
−
|-
 
−
|Balabac
 
−
|Bugsuk
 
−
|6800
 
−
|150
 
−
|50
 
−
|8.2297
 
−
|117.3304
 
−
|Dirt
 
−
|No
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Baloi
 
|Baloi
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|4593
 
|4593
 
|60
 
|60
 
|1300
 
|1300
 +
|51PXJ3385898925
 
|8.1305
 
|8.1305
 
|124.2150
 
|124.2150
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
−
|-
 
−
|Bataraza
 
−
|Palawan
 
−
|5000
 
−
|85
 
−
|23
 
−
|8.5505
 
−
|117.4362
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|Yes
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bislig
 
|Bislig
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3937
 
|3937
 
|98
 
|98
 
|12
 
|12
 +
|52PBQ0492506949
 
|8.1960
 
|8.1960
 
|126.3220
 
|126.3220
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bongao
 
|Bongao
−
|Tawitawi
 
 
|5100
 
|5100
 
|98
 
|98
 
|15
 
|15
 +
|50NRL0416658500
 
|5.0470
 
|5.0470
 
|119.7430
 
|119.7430
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Borongan
 
|Borongan
−
|Leyte
 
 
|3935
 
|3935
 
|95
 
|95
 
|7
 
|7
 +
|51PYN7025991722
 
|11.6743
 
|11.6743
 
|125.4790
 
|125.4790
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Braulio E. Dujali
 
|Braulio E. Dujali
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3129
 
|3129
 
|72
 
|72
 
|23
 
|23
 +
|51NYJ8253022831
 
|7.4366
 
|7.4366
−
|125.5996
+
|125.5596
 
|Dirt
 
|Dirt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Buenavista
 
|Buenavista
−
|Guimaras
 
 
|3652
 
|3652
 
|25
 
|25
 
|5
 
|5
 +
|51PVM6330082054
 
|10.6930
 
|10.6930
 
|122.6644
 
|122.6644
−
|Gravel
+
|Grav
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Bulan
 
|Bulan
−
|Luzon
 
 
|4350
 
|4350
 
|120
 
|120
 
|3937
 
|3937
 +
|51PWQ9533302373
 
|12.6842
 
|12.6842
 
|123.8780
 
|123.8780
−
|Grass/Asphalt
+
|Grass Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Buluan
 
|Buluan
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3000
 
|3000
 
|50
 
|50
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|51NYH0189345207
 
|6.7384
 
|6.7384
 
|124.8266
 
|124.8266
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Butuan
 
|Butuan
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|6450
 
|6450
 
|150
 
|150
 
|141
 
|141
 +
|51PYK7257290408
 
|8.9515
 
|8.9515
 
|125.4788
 
|125.4788
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Cagayan de Oro
 
|Cagayan de Oro
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|6890
 
|6890
 
|148
 
|148
 
|190
 
|190
 +
|51PXK6027352283
 
|8.6122
 
|8.6122
 
|124.4565
 
|124.4565
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Cagayan de Oro
 
|Cagayan de Oro
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|8050
 
|8050
 
|118
 
|118
 
|601
 
|601
 +
|510WK7736830608
 
|8.4156
 
|8.4156
 
|124.6110
 
|124.6110
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Calbayog
 
|Calbayog
−
|Samar
 
 
|4843
 
|4843
 
|98
 
|98
 
|12
 
|12
 +
|51PXP6816035066
 
|12.0727
 
|12.0727
 
|124.5450
 
|124.5450
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Caluya
 
|Caluya
−
|Semirama
 
 
|7075
 
|7075
 
|94
 
|94
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PUPU2460135385
 
|12.0752
 
|12.0752
 
|121.3885
 
|121.3885
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Carles
 
|Carles
−
|Sicogon
 
 
|4365
 
|4365
 
|119
 
|119
 
|25
 
|25
 +
|51PWN2733366799
 
|11.4595
 
|11.4595
 
|123.2506
 
|123.2506
Line 800: Line 852:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Catarman
 
|Catarman
−
|Samar
 
 
|4429
 
|4429
 
|98
 
|98
 
|6
 
|6
 +
|51PXP7777882658
 
|12.5024
 
|12.5024
 
|124.6360
 
|124.6360
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Catbalogan
 
|Catbalogan
−
|Samar
 
 
|4265
 
|4265
 
|120
 
|120
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PXP9938106195
 
|11.8100
 
|11.8100
 
|124.8300
 
|124.8300
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Cuyo  
+
|Cuyo
−
|Pamalican
 
 
|3696
 
|3696
 
|135
 
|135
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PTN5190156699
 
|11.3595
 
|11.3595
 
|120.7267
 
|120.7267
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Daet
 
|Daet
−
|Luzon
 
 
|3773
 
|3773
 
|98
 
|98
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|51PVR9784162015
 
|14.1292
 
|14.1292
 
|122.9800
 
|122.9800
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Dalaguete
 
|Dalaguete
−
|Cebu
 
 
|945
 
|945
 
|33
 
|33
 
|1013
 
|1013
 +
|51PVR9784162015
 
|9.8213
 
|9.8213
 
|123.5478
 
|123.5478
Line 850: Line 902:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Daraga
 
|Daraga
−
|Luzon
 
 
|3000
 
|3000
 
|75
 
|75
 
|406
 
|406
 +
|51PWQ7361049874
 
|13.1143
 
|13.1143
 
|123.6791
 
|123.6791
Line 860: Line 912:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Datu Odin Sinsuat
 
|Datu Odin Sinsuat
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|6234
 
|6234
 
|98
 
|98
 
|189
 
|189
 +
|51NXH3360792187
 
|7.1652
 
|7.1652
 
|124.2100
 
|124.2100
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Davao City
 
|Davao City
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|9842
 
|9842
 
|148
 
|148
 
|96
 
|96
 +
|51NYH9227688460
 
|7.1255
 
|7.1255
 
|125.6460
 
|125.6460
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Del Carmen
 
|Del Carmen
−
|Siargao
 
 
|4167
 
|4167
 
|98
 
|98
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|52PAR7246791296
 
|9.8591
 
|9.8591
 
|126.0140
 
|126.0140
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Dipolog
 
|Dipolog
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|6273
 
|6273
 
|98
 
|98
 
|12
 
|12
 +
|51PWK3761950867
 
|8.6020
 
|8.6020
 
|123.3419
 
|123.3419
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Dolores
+
|Gasan
−
|Leyte
+
|4785
−
|2200
+
|95
−
|55
+
|32
−
|10
+
|51PUQ7286877358
−
|12.0378
+
|13.3610
−
|125.4903
 
−
|Dirt
 
−
|No
 
−
|-
 
−
|El Nido
 
−
|Palawan
 
−
|3280
 
−
|75
 
−
|1998
 
−
|11.2019
 
−
|119.4169
 
−
|Concrete
 
−
|No
 
−
|-
 
−
|Gasan
 
−
|Marinduque
 
−
|4785
 
−
|95
 
−
|32
 
−
|13.3610
 
 
|121.8260
 
|121.8260
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|General Santos
 
|General Santos
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|5577
 
|5577
 
|98
 
|98
 
|28
 
|28
 +
|51NYG4735975479
 
|6.1064
 
|6.1064
 
|125.2350
 
|125.2350
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|General Santos
 
|General Santos
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|10587
 
|10587
 
|148
 
|148
 
|505
 
|505
 +
|51NYG3198970063
 
|6.0580
 
|6.0580
 
|125.0960
 
|125.0960
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Guiuan
 
|Guiuan
−
|Leyte
 
 
|7919
 
|7919
 
|148
 
|148
 
|7
 
|7
 +
|51PYN9961721277
 
|11.0355
 
|11.0355
 
|125.7420
 
|125.7420
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Hilongos
 
|Hilongos
−
|Leyte
 
 
|3280
 
|3280
 
|100
 
|100
 
|12
 
|12
 +
|51PXM9082647950
 
|10.3800
 
|10.3800
 
|124.7430
 
|124.7430
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Iloilo
 
|Iloilo
−
|Panay
 
 
|8202
 
|8202
 
|148
 
|148
 
|27
 
|27
 +
|51PVM4462597560
 
|10.8330
 
|10.8330
 
|122.4934
 
|122.4934
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ipil
 
|Ipil
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3150
 
|3150
 
|65
 
|65
 
|52
 
|52
 +
|51NVJ5611760616
 
|7.7856
 
|7.7856
 
|122.6020
 
|122.6020
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Isabel
 
|Isabel
−
|Leyte
 
 
|3691
 
|3691
 
|53
 
|53
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PXN5713206644
 
|10.9122
 
|10.9122
 
|124.4378
 
|124.4378
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
−
|No
 
−
|-
 
−
|Isabela
 
−
|Basilan
 
−
|2017
 
−
|48
 
−
|32
 
−
|6.6561
 
−
|121.9797
 
−
|Dirt
 
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Isulan
 
|Isulan
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3802
 
|3802
 
|55
 
|55
 
|219
 
|219
 +
|51NXH7846036698
 
|6.6622
 
|6.6622
−
|124.6114
+
|124.6144
 
|Grass
 
|Grass
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Jeroco
 
|Jeroco
−
|Borneo
 
 
|2700
 
|2700
 
|75
 
|75
 
|60
 
|60
 +
|51NXH7846036698
 
|5.4061
 
|5.4061
 
|118.3964
 
|118.3964
Line 1,029: Line 1,051:
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Jolo
 
 
|Jolo
 
|Jolo
 
|4144
 
|4144
 
|98
 
|98
 
|118
 
|118
 +
|51NTG7985669543
 
|6.0537
 
|6.0537
 
|121.0110
 
|121.0110
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Jose Panganiban
 
|Jose Panganiban
−
|Luzon
 
 
|3090
 
|3090
 
|50
 
|50
 
|302
 
|302
 +
|51PVR6204679949
 
|14.2911
 
|14.2911
−
|122.6461
+
|122.6481
 
|Dirt
 
|Dirt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Kabankalan
 
|Kabankalan
−
|Negros
 
 
|2600
 
|2600
 
|65
 
|65
 
|310
 
|310
 +
|51PVM8368106002
 
|10.0053
 
|10.0053
 
|122.8511
 
|122.8511
Line 1,060: Line 1,082:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Kalamansig
 
|Kalamansig
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2675
 
|2675
 
|25
 
|25
 
|26
 
|26
 +
|51NXH1652725164
 
|6.5594
 
|6.5594
 
|124.0540
 
|124.0540
Line 1,070: Line 1,092:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Kalibo
 
|Kalibo
−
|Panay
 
 
|7175
 
|7175
 
|148
 
|148
 
|14
 
|14
 +
|51PVN3199191177
 
|11.6794
 
|11.6794
 
|122.3760
 
|122.3760
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Kapalong
 
|Kapalong
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2409
 
|2409
 
|30
 
|30
 
|25
 
|25
 +
|51PVN3199191177
 
|7.6031
 
|7.6031
 
|125.6544
 
|125.6544
Line 1,090: Line 1,112:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Keningau
 
|Keningau
−
|Borneo
 
 
|9173
 
|9173
 
|150
 
|150
 
|1036
 
|1036
 +
|50NML0715292245
 
|5.3575
 
|5.3575
 
|116.1620
 
|116.1620
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Kiamba
 
|Kiamba
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3955
 
|3955
 
|60
 
|60
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51NXG9306956655
 
|5.9380
 
|5.9380
 
|124.7441
 
|124.7441
Line 1,110: Line 1,132:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Kota Belud
 
|Kota Belud
−
|Borneo
 
 
|4800
 
|4800
 
|150
 
|150
 
|46
 
|46
 +
|50NMN4149503604
 
|6.3652
 
|6.3652
 
|116.4710
 
|116.4710
Line 1,119: Line 1,141:
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Kota Kinabalu
+
|Kota Kinablu
−
|Borneo
 
 
|9800
 
|9800
 
|150
 
|150
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|50NLM9495856352
 
|5.9372
 
|5.9372
 
|116.0510
 
|116.0510
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Kuala Penyu
 
|Kuala Penyu
−
|Borneo
 
 
|1813
 
|1813
 
|50
 
|50
 
|6
 
|6
 +
|50NLM4305519177
 
|5.6000
 
|5.6000
 
|115.5830
 
|115.5830
Line 1,140: Line 1,162:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Kudat
 
|Kudat
−
|Borneo
 
 
|2395
 
|2395
 
|75
 
|75
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|50NMN8188365184
 
|6.9225
 
|6.9225
 
|116.8360
 
|116.8360
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Labuan
 
 
|Labuan
 
|Labuan
 
|7546
 
|7546
 
|148
 
|148
 
|101
 
|101
 +
|50NLL0606686177
 
|5.3007
 
|5.3007
 
|115.2500
 
|115.2500
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Laguindingan
 
|Laguindingan
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|6890
 
|6890
 
|147
 
|147
 
|190
 
|190
 +
|51PXK6035052317
 
|8.6125
 
|8.6125
 
|124.4572
 
|124.4572
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Lahad Datu
 
|Lahad Datu
−
|Borneo
 
 
|4498
 
|4498
 
|98
 
|98
 
|45
 
|45
 +
|50NPL4677656383
 
|5.0323
 
|5.0323
 
|118.3240
 
|118.3240
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Lapu-Lapu
 
|Lapu-Lapu
−
|Mactan
 
 
|10827
 
|10827
 
|148
 
|148
 
|31
 
|31
 +
|51PXM0719639574
 
|10.3075
 
|10.3075
 
|123.9790
 
|123.9790
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Lebak
 
|Lebak
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2140
 
|2140
 
|44
 
|44
 
|16
 
|16
 +
|51PXM0719639574
 
|6.6739
 
|6.6739
 
|124.0581
 
|124.0581
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Legazpi
 
|Legazpi
−
|Luzon
 
 
|7480
 
|7480
 
|118
 
|118
 
|66
 
|66
 +
|51PWQ7965554669
 
|13.1575
 
|13.1575
 
|123.7350
 
|123.7350
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Liloy
 
|Liloy
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|1900
 
|1900
 
|85
 
|85
 
|260
 
|260
 +
|51PVJ6370995577
 
|8.1019
 
|8.1019
 
|122.6706
 
|122.6706
Line 1,220: Line 1,242:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Maasin
 
|Maasin
−
|Leyte
 
 
|3642
 
|3642
 
|98
 
|98
 
|328
 
|328
 +
|51PXM9521626658
 
|10.1873
 
|10.1873
 
|124.7820
 
|124.7820
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Mabini
 
|Mabini
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3480
 
|3480
 
|30
 
|30
 
|15
 
|15
 +
|51NZJ1391403818
 
|7.2631
 
|7.2631
 
|125.8426
 
|125.8426
Line 1,240: Line 1,262:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Maco
 
|Maco
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3268
 
|3268
 
|50
 
|50
 
|61
 
|61
 +
|51NZJ1361924205
 
|7.4473
 
|7.4473
 
|125.8411
 
|125.8411
Line 1,250: Line 1,272:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Magsaysay
 
|Magsaysay
−
|Cuyo
 
 
|5000
 
|5000
 
|100
 
|100
 
|13
 
|13
 +
|51NZJ1361924205
 
|10.8581
 
|10.8581
 
|121.0690
 
|121.0690
−
|Gravel
+
|Grav
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Maitum
 
|Maitum
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3041
 
|3041
 
|68
 
|68
 
|1316
 
|1316
 +
|51NXG6219072433
 
|6.0815
 
|6.0815
 
|124.4656
 
|124.4656
Line 1,270: Line 1,292:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Malabang
 
|Malabang
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|4462
 
|4462
 
|100
 
|100
 
|27
 
|27
 +
|51NXJ1681342122
 
|7.6172
 
|7.6172
 
|124.0590
 
|124.0590
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Malangas
 
|Malangas
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2400
 
|2400
 
|25
 
|25
 
|3
 
|3
 +
|51NWJ0197445638
 
|7.6503
 
|7.6503
 
|123.0179
 
|123.0179
−
|Gravel
+
|Grav
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Malay
 
|Malay
−
|Panay
 
 
|3117
 
|3117
 
|98
 
|98
 
|7
 
|7
 +
|51PUP8609518419
 
|11.9245
 
|11.9245
 
|121.9540
 
|121.9540
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Malita
 
|Malita
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3715
 
|3715
 
|94
 
|94
 
|5
 
|5
 +
|51NYH8974408403
 
|6.4022
 
|6.4022
 
|125.6192
 
|125.6192
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Mambajao
 
|Mambajao
−
|Camiguin
 
 
|3945
 
|3945
 
|98
 
|98
 
|53
 
|53
 +
|51PXL8751723327
 
|9.2535
 
|9.2535
 
|124.7070
 
|124.7070
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Manolo Fortich
 
|Manolo Fortich
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|4576
 
|4576
 
|50
 
|50
 
|1425
 
|1425
 +
|51PYK0375923225
 
|8.3478
 
|8.3478
 
|124.8503
 
|124.8503
Line 1,329: Line 1,351:
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Mapun
 
 
|Mapun
 
|Mapun
 
|4265
 
|4265
 
|125
 
|125
 
|98
 
|98
 +
|50NPN6524875559
 
|7.0140
 
|7.0140
 
|118.4960
 
|118.4960
−
|Macadam
+
|Mac
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Maragusan
 
|Maragusan
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3651
 
|3651
 
|65
 
|65
 
|2076
 
|2076
 +
|52NAP8493408784
 
|7.3079
 
|7.3079
 
|126.1467
 
|126.1467
Line 1,350: Line 1,372:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Maramag
 
|Maramag
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|4592
 
|4592
 
|60
 
|60
 
|919
 
|919
 +
|51NYJ2424657617
 
|7.7538
 
|7.7538
 
|125.0333
 
|125.0333
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Masbate
 
 
|Masbate
 
|Masbate
 
|4921
 
|4921
 
|98
 
|98
 
|26
 
|26
 +
|51PWP6837867482
 
|12.3694
 
|12.3694
 
|123.6290
 
|123.6290
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Mati
 
|Mati
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|5330
 
|5330
 
|105
 
|105
 
|156
 
|156
 +
|52NAN9865669023
 
|6.9494
 
|6.9494
 
|126.2730
 
|126.2730
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Mercedes
 
|Mercedes
−
|Apuao Grande
 
 
|812
 
|812
 
|65
 
|65
 
|3
 
|3
 +
|51PWR0998557073
 
|14.0845
 
|14.0845
 
|123.0925
 
|123.0925
Line 1,390: Line 1,412:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Milagros
 
|Milagros
−
|Masbate
 
 
|1341
 
|1341
 
|50
 
|50
 
|26
 
|26
 +
|51PWP6743646977
 
|12.1840
 
|12.1840
 
|123.6199
 
|123.6199
Line 1,399: Line 1,421:
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|M'lang
+
|M’lang
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|5143
 
|5143
 
|95
 
|95
 
|130
 
|130
 +
|51NYH1286064894
 
|6.9160
 
|6.9160
 
|124.9265
 
|124.9265
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Naval
 
|Naval
−
|Biliran
 
 
|3000
 
|3000
 
|70
 
|70
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PXN5584673411
 
|11.5159
 
|11.5159
 
|124.4290
 
|124.4290
Line 1,420: Line 1,442:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|New Corella
 
|New Corella
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2866
 
|2866
 
|75
 
|75
 
|118
 
|118
 +
|51NZJ1179849307
 
|7.6742
 
|7.6742
 
|125.8261
 
|125.8261
Line 1,430: Line 1,452:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ormoc
 
|Ormoc
−
|Leyte
 
 
|6120
 
|6120
 
|118
 
|118
 
|83
 
|83
 +
|51PXN7095222840
 
|11.0580
 
|11.0580
 
|124.5650
 
|124.5650
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ozamiz
 
|Ozamiz
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|5720
 
|5720
 
|95
 
|95
 
|75
 
|75
 +
|51PWK9275004128
 
|8.1785
 
|8.1785
 
|123.8420
 
|123.8420
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Pagadian
 
|Pagadian
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|5512
 
|5512
 
|98
 
|98
 
|5
 
|5
 +
|51NWJ5084565609
 
|7.8307
 
|7.8307
 
|123.4612
 
|123.4612
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Pagbilao
 
|Pagbilao
−
|Pagbilao Grande
 
 
|2218
 
|2218
 
|75
 
|75
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PUR6431737057
 
|13.9003
 
|13.9003
 
|121.7442
 
|121.7442
Line 1,469: Line 1,491:
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Panglao
+
|Pangiao
−
|Panglao
 
 
|9200
 
|9200
 
|150
 
|150
 
|74
 
|74
 +
|51PWL8460858462
 
|9.5745
 
|9.5745
 
|123.7710
 
|123.7710
Line 1,480: Line 1,502:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Pantukan
 
|Pantukan
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3777
 
|3777
 
|75
 
|75
 
|3
 
|3
 +
|51NZJ1421301972
 
|7.2464
 
|7.2464
 
|125.8452
 
|125.8452
Line 1,490: Line 1,512:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Perez
 
|Perez
−
|Alabat
 
 
|1766
 
|1766
 
|107
 
|107
 
|6
 
|6
 +
|51PUR8445273650
 
|14.2320
 
|14.2320
 
|121.9290
 
|121.9290
Line 1,500: Line 1,522:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Pili
 
|Pili
−
|Luzon
 
 
|4599
 
|4599
 
|98
 
|98
 
|142
 
|142
 +
|51PWR2920901835
 
|13.5849
 
|13.5849
 
|123.2700
 
|123.2700
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
−
|Yes
 
−
|-
 
−
|Puerto Princesa
 
−
|Palawan
 
−
|8530
 
−
|148
 
−
|71
 
−
|9.7421
 
−
|118.7590
 
−
|Concrete
 
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Roxas
 
|Roxas
−
|Panay
 
 
|6201
 
|6201
−
|148
+
|48
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|51PVN5333982103
 
|11.5977
 
|11.5977
−
|122.7520
+
|122.5720
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|San Antonio
 
|San Antonio
−
|Dalupiri
 
 
|1695
 
|1695
 
|82
 
|82
 
|3
 
|3
 +
|51PXP3850172996
 
|12.4170
 
|12.4170
 
|124.2742
 
|124.2742
Line 1,540: Line 1,552:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|San Carlos
 
|San Carlos
−
|Negros
 
 
|2396
 
|2396
 
|57
 
|57
 
|1220
 
|1220
 +
|51PWM4893262421
 
|10.5153
 
|10.5153
 
|123.4472
 
|123.4472
Line 1,550: Line 1,562:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|San Fernando
 
|San Fernando
−
|Sibuyan
 
 
|500
 
|500
 
|43
 
|43
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|51PVP5917657533
 
|12.2799
 
|12.2799
 
|122.6246
 
|122.6246
Line 1,560: Line 1,572:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|San Isidro
 
|San Isidro
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2043
 
|2043
 
|25
 
|25
 
|25
 
|25
 +
|52NAN7940755501
 
|6.8262
 
|6.8262
 
|126.0997
 
|126.0997
Line 1,570: Line 1,582:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|San Jose de Buenavista
 
|San Jose de Buenavista
−
|Panay
 
 
|3937
 
|3937
 
|98
 
|98
 
|23
 
|23
 +
|51PUM8333990309
 
|10.7660
 
|10.7660
 
|121.9330
 
|121.9330
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
−
|No
 
−
|-
 
−
|San Vicente
 
−
|Palawan
 
−
|5288
 
−
|100
 
−
|0
 
−
|10.5250
 
−
|119.2739
 
−
|Concrete
 
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Sandakan
 
|Sandakan
−
|Borneo
 
 
|7000
 
|7000
 
|151
 
|151
 
|46
 
|46
 +
|50NPM1722652361
 
|5.9009
 
|5.9009
 
|118.0590
 
|118.0590
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Santa Catalina
 
|Santa Catalina
−
|Negros
 
 
|3037
 
|3037
 
|65
 
|65
 
|43
 
|43
 +
|51PVL8658030387
 
|9.3214
 
|9.3214
 
|122.8778
 
|122.8778
Line 1,610: Line 1,612:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Santa Fe
 
|Santa Fe
−
|Bantayan
 
 
|2950
 
|2950
 
|40
 
|40
 
|60
 
|60
 +
|51PWN817534039
 
|11.1624
 
|11.1624
−
|123.7848
+
|123.7484
−
|Dirt/Concrete
+
|Dirt/ Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Santo Tomas
 
|Santo Tomas
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2577
 
|2577
 
|80
 
|80
 
|16
 
|16
 +
|51NYJ9095926399
 
|7.4684
 
|7.4684
 
|125.6361
 
|125.6361
 
|Dirt
 
|Dirt
−
|No
+
| No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Semporna
 
|Semporna
−
|Borneo
 
 
|1998
 
|1998
 
|50
 
|50
 
|60
 
|60
 +
|50NPK7564392056
 
|4.4500
 
|4.4500
 
|118.5830
 
|118.5830
Line 1,640: Line 1,642:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Sibulan
 
|Sibulan
−
|Negros
 
 
|6136
 
|6136
 
|118
 
|118
 
|15
 
|15
 +
|51PWL3294331759
 
|9.3337
 
|9.3337
 
|123.3000
 
|123.3000
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Silay
 
|Silay
−
|Negros
 
 
|6562
 
|6562
 
|148
 
|148
 
|82
 
|82
 +
|51PWM0163991256
 
|10.7764
 
|10.7764
 
|123.0150
 
|123.0150
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Siocon
 
|Siocon
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2155
 
|2155
 
|58
 
|58
 
|923
 
|923
 +
|51NVJ0760752295
 
|7.7097
 
|7.7097
 
|122.1622
 
|122.1622
Line 1,669: Line 1,671:
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Siquijor
 
 
|Siquijor
 
|Siquijor
 
|4100
 
|4100
 
|100
 
|100
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PWL5188218567
 
|9.2142
 
|9.2142
 
|123.4723
 
|123.4723
−
|Gravel
+
|Grav
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Sirawai
 
|Sirawai
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2243
 
|2243
 
|50
 
|50
 
|800
 
|800
 +
|51NVJ0709538697
 
|7.5867
 
|7.5867
 
|122.1578
 
|122.1578
Line 1,690: Line 1,692:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Sorsogon City
 
|Sorsogon City
−
|Luzon
 
 
|2750
 
|2750
 
|75
 
|75
 
|126
 
|126
 +
|51PXQ1127338156
 
|13.0072
 
|13.0072
 
|124.0261
 
|124.0261
Line 1,700: Line 1,702:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Surallah
 
|Surallah
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|4396
 
|4396
 
|59
 
|59
 
|659
 
|659
 +
|51NXH9367804079
 
|6.3668
 
|6.3668
 
|124.7510
 
|124.7510
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Surigao
 
|Surigao
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|5603
 
|5603
 
|98
 
|98
 
|20
 
|20
 +
|51PYL7217679412
 
|9.7558
 
|9.7558
 
|125.4809
 
|125.4809
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Surigao City (Nonoc Island)
 
|Surigao City (Nonoc Island)
−
|Nonoc
 
 
|3939
 
|3939
 
|82
 
|82
 
|0
 
|0
 +
|51PYL8465685415
 
|9.8092
 
|9.8092
 
|125.5950
 
|125.5950
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tacloban
 
|Tacloban
−
|Leyte
 
 
|7014
 
|7014
 
|148
 
|148
 
|10
 
|10
 +
|51PYN2141741908
 
|11.2276
 
|11.2276
 
|125.0280
 
|125.0280
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tagbilaran
 
|Tagbilaran
−
|Bohol
 
 
|5837
 
|5837
 
|98
 
|98
 
|38
 
|38
 +
|51PWL9358268391
 
|9.6641
 
|9.6641
 
|123.8530
 
|123.8530
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tagum
 
|Tagum
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2000
 
|2000
 
|30
 
|30
 
|84
 
|84
 +
|51NZJ0772127399
 
|7.4765
 
|7.4765
 
|125.7879
 
|125.7879
Line 1,760: Line 1,762:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tampakan
 
|Tampakan
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|2444
 
|2444
 
|60
 
|60
 
|3827
 
|3827
 +
|51NYH1400809041
 
|6.4110
 
|6.4110
 
|124.9349
 
|124.9349
Line 1,770: Line 1,772:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tandag
 
|Tandag
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|4765
 
|4765
 
|98
 
|98
 
|16
 
|16
 +
|52PAR8899404034
 
|9.0721
 
|9.0721
 
|126.1710
 
|126.1710
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tawau
 
|Tawau
−
|Borneo
 
 
|8800
 
|8800
 
|155
 
|155
 
|57
 
|57
 +
|50NPK2517177613
 
|4.3202
 
|4.3202
 
|118.1280
 
|118.1280
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
−
|-
 
−
|Taytay
 
−
|Palawan
 
−
|3610
 
−
|59
 
−
|80
 
−
|10.8186
 
−
|119.5075
 
−
|Concrete
 
−
|No
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tomanggong
 
|Tomanggong
−
|Borneo
 
 
|2198
 
|2198
 
|50
 
|50
 
|26
 
|26
 +
|50NPL8281997127
 
|5.4000
 
|5.4000
 
|118.6500
 
|118.6500
−
|Gravel
+
|Grav
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Tubay
 
|Tubay
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3124
 
|3124
 
|70
 
|70
 
|61
 
|61
 +
|51PYL8137014594
 
|9.1695
 
|9.1695
 
|125.5603
 
|125.5603
Line 1,820: Line 1,812:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Ubay
 
|Ubay
−
|Bohol
 
 
|1312
 
|1312
 
|50
 
|50
 
|7
 
|7
 +
|51PXM5622612275
 
|10.0590
 
|10.0590
 
|124.4256
 
|124.4256
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|No
 
|No
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Virac
 
|Virac
−
|Catanduanes
 
 
|5118
 
|5118
 
|98
 
|98
 
|121
 
|121
 +
|51PXR3048001201
 
|13.5764
 
|13.5764
 
|124.2060
 
|124.2060
−
|Concrete
+
|Con
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Wao
 
|Wao
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|3380
 
|3380
 
|85
 
|85
 
|3907
 
|3907
 +
|51NXJ9123544309
 
|7.6348
 
|7.6348
 
|124.7336
 
|124.7336
Line 1,850: Line 1,842:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Zamboanga City
 
|Zamboanga City
−
|Mindanao
 
 
|8560
 
|8560
 
|144
 
|144
 
|33
 
|33
 +
|51NUH9615465273
 
|6.9224
 
|6.9224
 
|122.0600
 
|122.0600
−
|Asphalt
+
|Asplt
 
|Yes
 
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
−
|}
+
| colspan="9" |'''Legend:''' Elv =  Elevation    MGRS = Military Grid  Location System Lat = Latitude   Long =  Longitude 
 +
 
 +
               Con =  Concrete     Grav = Gravel    Asplt = Asphalt     Pave = Paved    Mac = Macadam 
 +
 
 +
               Cmt =  Cement        Lts = Lights        AB = Air Base
 +
|}  
 +
=== Maritime  ===
 +
 
 +
==== Seaports ====
 +
Water transport is the primary mode of passenger and cargo transport within the Belesian archipelago and with its neighbors. Belesia has 36 seaports located along the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. There are11 Belesia ports that average more than 1 million tons of cargo throughput annually. The only ports that can accommodate Military Sea Lift (MSC) Commands Large, Medium-Speed Roll-on/Roll-off (LMSR) is the Port of Iloilo and the Port of General Santos. Belesia’s largest and most productive port is the Port of Iloilo, which is the independent capital of the province of Iloilo in the western Visayas region on Panay Island in the Philippines. Located in the center of the Belesia islands, the Port of Iloilo is well-positioned to be an important center for industry, commerce, and trade. It has the educational infrastructure to prepare a skilled workforce, and it has the physical city infrastructure to attract and support business and industry. Today, the Port of Iloilo’s banking, finance, retail trade, and customer service sectors are important to the local and national economy. In 2007, the City and Port of Iloilo was home to over 418 thousand people.
 +
 
 +
The Iloilo Commercial Port Complex is located on 20.8 hectares of reclaimed land. It includes 11,400 sq. meters of open space for operations, supplemented by an area of 97,000 sq. meters, fixed and mobile cranes, rails of 348 lineal meters; Roll-On-Roll-Off (RO/RO) support; a 7,800 container freight stations; and a 720 sq. meter passenger shed. The port complex is ideal for ships plying international routes having a berth length of 400 meters, a width of 26.26 meters and a berthing depth of 10.50 meters. Large inter-island ferries run 24/7 scheduled service to the main islands, and most others have daily service from one of the major gateway ports. Cargo traffic is mostly containerized or break-bulk with the ports of Davao and Cebu serving as the main entry points for scheduled liner services to the major container hubs in mainland Asia. These ports are operated with RORO capacity and combined are known as the Federated Nautical Highway.
  
−
==== Airlines ====
+
Belesia has relatively large merchant marine and fishing fleets operating globally. Belesians are skilled navigators and it is common to see very small vessels operating at great distances offshore. These craft can be seen in the hundreds of smaller ports and anchorages that are not listed in the mainstream commercial port directories. The Belesian Ministry of Infrastructure assigns the administrative responsibility for ports, waterways, merchant and fishing fleets to the Belesian Maritime Authority. Enforcement of Belesian laws in Belesian territorial waters and exclusive economic zone enforcement falls to the Coast Guard and Revenue Service of Belesia, under the overall authority of the Ministry of Finance.
−
Belesia Airlines is the flagship carrier, flying internationally to 15 countries worldwide. It maintains a fleet of well-maintained short and long haul airliners. Many smaller scale commercial air carriers are registered for inter-island and short haul international charter routes.  
 
−
=== Ports/Sea/River Transportation Systems ===
 
−
Water transport is the primary mode of passenger and cargo transport within the Belesian archipelago and with its neighbors. The NGA World Port Index identifies over 50 significant ports, 10 of which are capable of handling ships over 150m in length, and an additional 38 accommodate ships up to 150 m. Large inter-island ferries run 24/7 scheduled service to the main islands, and most others have daily service from one of the major gateway ports. Cargo traffic is mostly containerized or break-bulk with the ports of Davao and Cebu serving as the main entry points for scheduled liner services to the major container hubs in mainland Asia. These ports are operated with RORO capacity and combined are known as the Federated Nautical Highway.
 
  
−
Belesia has relatively large merchant marine and fishing fleets operating globally. Belesians are skilled navigators and it is common to see very small vessels operating at great distances offshore. These craft can be seen in the hundreds of smaller ports and anchorages that are not listed in the mainstream commercial port directories.
+
.At a local scale, water transport is sometimes the primary form of transportation that rural island communities may have. Small boats serve a wide variety of roles, from being taxis to being school buses. One challenge that the Belesian government has faced is finding a way to make travel by small boat safer. There have been a number of incidents where boats have capsized and lost everyone on board, including boats serving as school buses that were loaded over capacity with children.
 +
[[File:Belesia Ports 20210210-1.png|center|thumb|1900x1900px|Major Belesian Ports]]
  
−
The Belesian Ministry of Infrastructure assigns the administrative responsibility for ports, waterways, merchant and fishing fleets to the Belesian Maritime Authority. Enforcement of Belesian laws in Belesian territorial waters and exclusive economic zone enforcement falls to the Coast Guard and Revenue Service of Belesia, under the overall authority of the Ministry of Finance.
+
==== Navigable Rivers ====
 +
All rivers in Belesia are navigable for only small vessels. There are no rivers where oceangoing freighters can travel upstream from the ports on the coasts. Locals will use traditional boats to bring their goods to market.
  
 
=== Pipelines ===
 
=== Pipelines ===
−
Belesia has over 200 km of transmission pipelines and 300 km of distribution pipelines. Most are natural gas pipelines that run from offshore fields west of Palawan to southern Luzon. Over 9% of Belesia's electricity comes from the fuels transported by these pipelines.   
+
There are a few pipelines in Belesia and more are being built every year as the economy continues to grow.
 +
 
 +
==== Petroleum ====
 +
Belesia has a single refinery located in southern Luzon. After conversion of the petroleum to various types of oil-based products, there are a few pipelines that distribute the refined petroleum to the largest cities in Belesia. There is also a complex petroleum pipeline system that operates at the larger ports. Some of them take raw petroleum and then transport it to the refinery before distribution. Other pipelines take refined products off of ships and transport them to holding facilities before distribution throughout the country.
 +
 
 +
==== Natural Gas ====
 +
Most pipelines in Belesia are for natural gas. There are approximately 200 km of transmission pipelines that run from the offshore fields west of Gabal’s Palawan Island to southern Luzon. Then there are another 300 km of distribution pipelines that distribute the natural gas to much of Belesia. Over 9% of Belesia's electricity comes from the fuels transported by these pipelines. 
 +
 
 +
==== Water ====
 +
Water is transported in standard pipes from the purification plants to those houses that have indoor tap water. The same pipes transport water to community fountains where people without indoor water can get their daily water supply. There are no major pipelines transporting water great distances across the country.   
  
 
== Telecommunications Architecture ==
 
== Telecommunications Architecture ==
−
In Belesia, most citizens can access a telephone and listen to a radio or television, and over 70 percent of the population has access to the internet. Belesia boasts the largest growth trends within the archipelago, with upgrades and competition in both internet and mobile services. Belesians have approximately 20 million landlines and 40 million cell phones. The country has multiple radio stations that range from government owned, religious, pop culture, and music. There are three national television networks and approximately 40 local television stations providers.
+
In Belesia, most citizens can access a telephone and listen to a radio or television, and over 70 percent of the population has access to the internet either through computers or through cell phones. Belesia boasts the largest growth trends within the archipelago, with upgrades and competition in both internet and mobile services. Belesians have approximately 20 million landlines and 40 million cell phones. The country has multiple radio stations that range from government owned, religious, pop culture, and music. There are three national television networks and approximately 40 local television stations providers.
  
 
== Industry ==
 
== Industry ==
−
Belesian manufacturing is relatively significant, but lags South Torbia in capital and technological investment. It possesses a modest steel industry, with the attendant downstream industries. Abundant regional energy reserves and favorable environmental laws sustain a capable but ageing petrochemical industry.
+
Belesian manufacturing is relatively significant, but lags behind its neighbor South Torbia in capital and technological investment. It possesses a modest steel industry along with the attendant downstream industries. Abundant regional energy reserves and favorable environmental laws sustain a capable but ageing petrochemical industry.  
−
 
 
−
Military operations must be aware of the manufacturing areas and ensure not to disrupt them, as it is paramount to the survival of the country and continuing to maintain its status.
 
  
−
=== Agriculture ===
+
=== Food and Agriculture ===
 
About 30% of Belesians farm, accounting for 10% of the country’s GDP, though it is a net food importer due to large rice imports. The bulk of Belesian farms are small farms and family run. Irrigation is controlled by the Belesian government, which recently implemented legislature that removed charges for small farmers to irrigate their fields. In the central region of Belesia, the crops are rain fed and irrigation is used in the lowlands.
 
About 30% of Belesians farm, accounting for 10% of the country’s GDP, though it is a net food importer due to large rice imports. The bulk of Belesian farms are small farms and family run. Irrigation is controlled by the Belesian government, which recently implemented legislature that removed charges for small farmers to irrigate their fields. In the central region of Belesia, the crops are rain fed and irrigation is used in the lowlands.
  
−
Major crops are abaca, cashew, citrus fruit, coconut, lemon, maguey, mango, oil palm, pineapple, papaya, other fruits, and rubber, while annual crops are cabbage, cassava, corn, cotton, eggplant, garlic, onion, peanut, sweet potato, rice, sugarcane, tobacco, and vegetables. The current agriculture production is not sufficient to sustain the population and the country must import grains and soybeans to meet the demand of the populace. The government has placed increased emphasis on the agriculture sector to become more self-sufficient.
+
Major crops are abaca, cashew, citrus fruit, coconut, lemon, maguey, mango, oil palm, pineapple, papaya, other fruits, and rubber, while annual crops are cabbage, cassava, corn, cotton, eggplant, garlic, onion, peanut, sweet potato, rice, sugarcane, tobacco, and vegetables. The current agriculture production is not sufficient to sustain the population and the country must import grains and soybeans to meet the demand of the populace. The government has placed increased emphasis on the agriculture sector to become more self-sufficient. The palm oil industry has been growing over the last decade, with many farmers switching from other crops to the more economically beneficial palm oil industry. This trend has not only made it harder for local agriculture to sustain the population, it has also led to an increase in deforestation in order to clear land for palm oil plantations. This has become a particularly intense issue on the island of Borneo, where environmentalists seek to protect endangered rain forests.
−
 
 
−
Military operations must be cognizant as to not disrupt the agriculture as the already limited capacity would affect the nation greatly. In addition, the farming methods have been brought in line with Western countries methods resulting in limited if any pollution to the soil and water table.
 
  
 
=== Oil/Gas ===
 
=== Oil/Gas ===
−
Belesia is a net energy importer in both natural gas and crude oil. However they have an extremely well-developed maritime transport and storage terminal infrastructure.   
+
Belesia is a net energy importer in both natural gas and crude oil. The country does have an extremely well-developed maritime transport and storage terminal infrastructure. Each port has storage facilities capable of handling both raw petroleum and finished petroleum products. After offloading from the ships, the Belesian distribution system works well getting the products to where they are needed.   
  
−
Military operations in the area must ensure that oil is continued to be imported to support the economy and citizens of the country to ensure development during and post hostilities.
+
=== Defense Infrastructure ===
−
 
 
−
=== Defense Industries ===
 
 
Recent construction of coastal patrol craft based on indigenous designs are the highlight of the Belesian defense industry. It is also a key player intermediate maintenance, with depots servicing sophisticated maritime, aviation and land systems. Domestically produced land force products are limited to tactical vehicle modification, small arms, and personnel equipment.     
 
Recent construction of coastal patrol craft based on indigenous designs are the highlight of the Belesian defense industry. It is also a key player intermediate maintenance, with depots servicing sophisticated maritime, aviation and land systems. Domestically produced land force products are limited to tactical vehicle modification, small arms, and personnel equipment.     
  
−
=== Nuclear ===
+
=== Nuclear Facilities ===
 
Belesia does not possess the infrastructure nor the resources to have nuclear capabilities.
 
Belesia does not possess the infrastructure nor the resources to have nuclear capabilities.
  
Line 1,902: Line 1,907:
 
Belesia participates in UN space protocols and other international agreements controlling satellite use in search and rescue, communication, and navigation. However, it procures all of its imaging and communication services from the private sector and security partners. Its proximity to the equator has made it a frequent target for real estate acquisition for corporations looking to construct ground control stations.
 
Belesia participates in UN space protocols and other international agreements controlling satellite use in search and rescue, communication, and navigation. However, it procures all of its imaging and communication services from the private sector and security partners. Its proximity to the equator has made it a frequent target for real estate acquisition for corporations looking to construct ground control stations.
  
−
== Pollution ==
 
−
Belesia has faced a wide range of pollution issues to include air pollution, ground water contamination, waste management, and pollution of lakes and rivers, though less than its neighbor, South Torbia. However, activists are concerned that the rate of pollution will increase proportionately to Belesia's economic growth. The government has introduced an energy strategy emphasizing natural gas and renewable sources for electricity in an attempt to shift from the current reliance on dirty coal power plants. 
 
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Latest revision as of 17:35, 1 September 2022

DATE Pacific > Belesia > Infrastructure: Belesia ←You are here

Infrastructure Overview

While the region’s five major countries have a significant number of urban residents, Belesia has almost half of its population living in rural areas. The country contains a mixture of both modern cities, primitive rural villages, and everything in between. Modern utilities are found predominantly in the major cities and at reasonable levels throughout the rural countryside.

Rapid urbanization is stressing the Belesian infrastructure to its limits. Despite this, Belesia can still claim to be among the best in the world in regards to some of the services it provides. Belesia has a robust mass transit system. Several bus companies provide transportation in major cities and to rural areas. Airports range from large international airports that can handle almost any aircraft, to small, unimproved dirt strips. Some seaports are modern that can handle the vast majority of global cargo vessels with dolphin platforms for the offloading of petroleum. The country suffers from high levels of pollution in the urban areas and the government has made policies to combat pollution in urban environments and water supplies.

Urban areas contain skyscraper buildings at least 100 m tall, large apartment complexes, and residential suburbs. There is a shortage of available housing that meets the minimum standards causing some of the poorest residents to construct makeshift dwellings. This is predominantly in the outskirts of the major urban areas. The local governments are actively creating new low income housing areas. Typical rural construction is low quality wooden houses with corrugated roofs. The Belesian government is investing heavily in modernizing living conditions for its entire population, but these upgrades are expected to take decades before completion.

Construction patterns in Belesia’s urban areas are similar throughout the country, with high-rise construction contrasted with low cost public housing requiring modernization due to age. City planners have extensive knowledge of strategic and sustainable city planning but are hampered by decades of unplanned growth and expansion. Building materials typically consist of concrete, steel, and rebar. In areas prone to flooding, houses are built on pilings to prevent flooding.

Military operations in urban areas will initially benefit from modern electricity, water, sewage, and other utility services. As the size of the force increases however, it will further stress the grid and could cause catastrophic failure. Urban areas provide additional networks of subterranean and vertical construction that will provide cover and concealment for the enemy and possible refuge to civilians in times of conflict. Because of its expansive metropolitan population spread across numerous islands, any military operation in Belesia will involve intensive urban operations.

Major Belesian Cities and Urban Zones

Note: Belesian convention adds the term "city" following the municipality name to disambiguate it from other administrative regions or islands that might share the same name. Additionally, some city names--e.g. Naga--are used in more than one municipality. Belesia's national average for urban density is 232 / km2.

Infrastructure Matrix

Infrastructure Sub-Variables
City Pop Pop Dens/km2 UBD Roads Air Rail Sea Power Water Sewage/

Sanitation

Davo City 1,600,000 656 M C C NE C Dv Dv Dv
Cebu City 922,611 2,934 H C C NE C Dv Dv Dv
Zamboanga City 861,799 618 M C M NE C Dv Dv Dg
Cagayan de Oro City 675,950 1,622 H C M NE C Dv Dv Dv
Iloilo City 447,992 5,792 M M M NE M Dg Dg Dg
Legend: Population (Pop); Density (Dens); kilometer (km)

Per TC-7-101: UBD = Urban Building Density; low (L); medium (M); high (H); primitive (P); moderate (M); complex (C); non-existent (NE); degraded (Dg); developed (Dv)

Davao City

Davao City is the capital of Belesia. It is also Belesia's largest city in both territory and population. The larger metro area of Davao City, Tagum, Panabo, Samal, and Digos combines for a total population of 2.5 million. Urban development is even more condensed than Cebu City, with over 75% of the population living and working within 15% of Davao City's land area.

Cebu City

Cebu City serves as Belesia’s major port in the center of the Belesian archipelago. Metropolitan Cebu is made up of Cebu City, Carcar, Danao, Manuaue, Naga, Talisay, and Lapu-Lapu, with a combined population of 2.8 million. It is the most populous metro area in Belesia. Development is condensed to less than 20 percent of the terrain due to steep forested mountain ranges running parallel to the coastline. The city also boasts one of the largest and most sheltered harbors in Belesia. The buildings in the main urban areas consist of high-rise buildings, single family and duplex dwellings, and high-rise apartment buildings. On the periphery are the government tenement housing and shantytowns. A well-developed city core serves as an intermixed commercial and institutional center, with a larger residential zone on the surrounding periphery. Major shipping and ship repair facilities dominate the waterfront on the city's northwest coastline.

Zamboanga City

Zamboanga City sits at the extreme western end of Mindanao Island at the bottom of a peninsula straddling the Sulu Sea and Celebes Sea. As with the other major Belesian cities, it boasts a good deep-water port. However, it is more known as a commercial fishing port and seafood processing center than a trade port. Construction is high-density mid-rise with orderly block-style development within the city core. Government, industry, and commerce are mixed in the central district surrounding the city pier. Development stretches primarily in an east-west fashion following the coastline. It transitions to more random, residential, and low-rise construction radiating out from the city center.

Cagayan de Oro City

Cagayan de Oro City sits on the north side of Mindanao Island on the center of the Macajalar Bay coastline and is bisected by the Cagayan de Oro River. Seven other rivers also flow into this bay within a 16 km stretch of coastline. It is bounded by Mt. Mangabon 35 km to the east and Mt. Katanglad 35 km to the south. The port and industrial facilities are east of the river, with residences, resorts, and agriculture dominant on the west side. Construction is densely concentrated mid to low rise buildings surrounded by green space and agriculture. Construction patterns are mostly orderly, accounting for the irregularities dictated by the river courses. Government and other institutions are distributed on both sides of the river, mostly in the city center away from the shoreline. The terrain becomes extremely sloped within 10 kilometers of the shoreline where development abruptly ends..

Iloilo City

Iloilo City is the largest city on the Belesian island of Panay. The greater metropolitan population is 946,146. It sits on a large alluvial plain with much of development occurring on low-lying or reclaimed land. The Iloilo and Batiano Rivers in the south form two east-west peninsulas containing most of the old city residences and commerce. The Jaro Floodway forms the northern boundary of the city's development. The old airport forms the nucleus of a central business district, housing most of Iloilo's high-rise construction. The city's oceanfront borders the Iloilo Strait. Resorts and residences dominate the south coast, with traders and heavy industry accounting for most of the northeast coastal development. Construction patterns are mostly dense orderly along the peninsulas and in the central business district, giving way to dense random low-rise construction in the outlying districts. 

Energy Sector

electricity; 96% in urban areas and 80% in rural areas. Large interconnection lines provide some measure of stability to the national grid. Getting power to the smaller outlying islands is a challenge. These islands are mainly serviced by small diesel generators (<1 MW) operating on a mini-grid. Those islands close enough to the main grid are connected via undersea cable.

Nuclear Power

There are no nuclear power plants in Belesia.

Renewable Power

Wind, solar, and biomass plants are gaining popularity with the number of new plants being built each year rising by 10-12%. Nearly all of the renewable energy plants have been developed within the last two decades, which means that they are significantly new and more modern than existing hydrocarbon power plants.

Hydrocarbon Power 

Of the 63 operational hydrocarbon power plants, over half of the generating capacity comes from 16 coal-fired plants. These power plants have the greatest age on them and are more susceptible to breaking down just because of their age. Sometimes it is tough to find replacement parts for equipment and technology that was developed nearly six decades ago, or longer. In the past, Belesia has gone to North Torbia for assistance with fixing and maintaining outdated industrial equipment. However the latest round of international sanctions has made this more difficult.

Hydroelectric Power

Approximately 33% of Belesia’s power comes from 23 hydroelectric and geothermal plants. Hydroelectric power will continue to be an important resource in creating power in the country. While there are protestors that wish to get rid of any power produced by fossil fuels, this attitude has not transferred to the country’s hydroelectric and geothermal plants.

Power Plant Data Matrix

Major Belesian Power Plants
Name or Location Fuel Type Capacity (MW) Latitude Longitude MGRS
Agus 1 Hydroelectric Power Plan Hydro 80 8.0046 124.2868 51PXJ4181485028
Agus 6 Hydroelectric Power Plant Hydro 200 8.1937 124.1915 51PXK3124805906
Agus II Hydroelectric Power Plant Hydro 180 8.0528 124.2709 51PXJ4004590352
Agusan 2 Hydroelectric Power Plant Hydro 1.6 8.352649 124.768953 51PXK9479523721
Ampiro Geothermal Power Project Geothermal 30 6.983814 125.276017 51NYH5146172567
BacMan Geothermal Production Field Geothermal 140 13.0547 123.9678 51PXQ0493143384
Bacolad Solar Field Solar 25 10.8055 122.9908 51PVM9899494473
Balingasag Power Station Coal 165 8.7662 124.7685 51PXK9453569461
Baloi Hydro Plant Hydro 158.1 8.1336 124.1983 51PXJ3201799262
Belesia Group Power Plant Coal 511 14.230976 121.756985 51PUR6589173629
Biliran Geothermal Plant Geothermal 49 11.563737 124.407216 51PXN5344478691
Bohol Diesel Power Plant Diesel 11 9.644151 123.875069 51PWL9600966191
Bubunawan Run Hydroelectric Power Plant Hydro 32 8.382527 124.6504 51PXK8172326968
Calong Solar Field Solar 60 10.4152 123.6789 51PWM7430951398
Cebu Private Power Corporation Natural Gas 260 10.290472 123.898087 51PWM9834137666
Colorado Solar Plant Solar 28.6 6.7718 125.2853 51NYH5259949116
Concepcion Power Plant Coal 135 11.1872 123.1210 51PWN1321036681
Cosmic Solar Plant Solar 5.7 10.6163 122.1683 51PVM0902373675
Don Carlos Biomass Energy Plant Biomass 10 10.5116 123.4351 51PWM4760862010
Green Power Bukidnon Biomass 35 7.7851 124.8262 51NYJ0138260975
Hopewell Power Station Coal 728 10.2185 123.7577 51PWM8298629668
Kalilangan Biomas Energy Corporation Biomass 10 7.7834 124.8265 51NYJ0141660787
La Carlota II Solar Plant Solar 48 10.4249 122.928 51PVM9211952392
La Carlota Solar Power Plant Solar 32 10.4216 122.9348 51PVM9286352027
Lakewood Geothermal Prospect Geothermal 40 7.854843 123.135271 51NWJ1491168252
Lanao Kauswagan Power Station Coal 552 8.186442 124.117646 51PXK2311405080
Leyte Geothermal Production Field Geothermal 588.4 11.141893 124.6200 51PXN7691132152
Leyte Optimization Geothermal Power Station Geothermal 50.9 11.172973 124.629651 51PXN7794735595
Ludo Power Station Natural Gas 200 10.290414 123.889213 51PWM9736937656
Mindanao Geothermal Power Plan Geothermal 106 7.012785 125.219875 51NYH4524075742
Misamis Oriental Biomass Energy Plant Biomass 12 8.5577 124.5080 51PXK6596546278
Mt. Sibulan-Kapatagan Geothermal Power Project Geothermal 300 9.355128 123.156392 51PWL1717234118
Mt. Apo Geothermal Plant Geothermal 106 7.012785 125.219875 51NYH4524075742
NAC Diesel Fired Power Plant Diesel 10.9 9.7189 125.5081 51PYL7519275350
Naga Thermal Power Complex Geothermal 43.4 10.2185 123.7577 51PWM8298629668
Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant Geothermal 49.4 9.287398 123.239144 51PWL2626426635
National Power Corporation Hydro Plant Hydro 255 7.7156 125.0236 51NYJ2319553386
One Power Energy Biomass 42 10.3163 123.9012 51PWM9867440523
Pagbilao Power Plant Coal 420 13.8932 121.7450 51PUR6439936271
Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant Geothermal 172.5 9.287398 123.239144 51PWL2626426635
Panay Diesel Power Plant Diesel 74.9 11.024764 122.632853 51PVN5989418742
Pililla Wind Farm Wind 54 14.470997 121.36749 51PUS2404700443
Pulangi IV Hydroelectric Power Plant Hydro 255 7.786453 125.023622 51NYJ2316161224
San Carlos Bio Power Biomass 19.9 10.5158 123.4351 51PWM4760862475
San Lorenzo Wind Farm Wind 54 10.590663 122.692253 51PVM6633470736
San Miguel Coal Power Plant Coal 135 6.3943 125.6173 51NYH8953907528
Sarangani Power Coal 118 5.8710 125.0789 51NYG3017349371
Sembrano Wind Farm Wind 72 14.378314 121.371138 51PUR2436890186
Sibulan Hydro A Hydro 42.5 6.884339 125.370175 51NYH6192561612
SPI Cebu Diesel Power Plant Diesel 43.8 10.417016 123.668987 51PWM7322451597
SPI Power Coal Plant Coal 232 8.5725 124.7573 51PXK9340248031
SPI Power Plant Coal 200 10.217068 123.761906 51PWM8344729510
State Power Inc. Coal Power Plant Coal 232 8.5601 124.7465 51PXK9221946654
Sultan Energy Coal 200 6.689869 124.671891 51NXH8480639779
Supercritical Coal Power Plant Coal 500 14.230976 121.756985 51PUR6589173629
Talomo Hydro 3 Hydro 4.5 7.096392 125.609596 51NYH8827085216
ThermaBelesia Coal 300 6.964542 125.481212 51NYH7415670549
Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant Geothermal 275 13.4655 123.6486 51PWQ7020388707
Toledo Power Plant Coal 200 10.3871 123.6401 51PWM7006848282
VECO Power Generation Natural Gas 307 10.289471 123.89744 51PWM9827037555
Western Mindanao Power Corporation Diesel 100 7.081824 122.213842 51NVH1318082867
Legend: MW: Megawatt     MGRS: Military Grid Reference System

Home Heating

Home Heating: Due to the tropical climate (see Physical Environment variable) in most of Belesia, the temperature does not drop low enough so that heating is necessary. For the times when this does occur, most families put a few charcoal briquettes in the family stove to help heat the house. During this periods, the kitchen becomes even more of the hub for a family than normal.

Water and Sanitation

Belesia continues to improve the number of its citizens that can access potable water and proper sanitation facilities. NGOs visit rural villages on a regular basis to educate the people on proper methods to gain access to clean water and dispose of body waste. These programs and the construction of facilities continue to improve the health of Belesians.

Water

Ninety percent of the population has access to potable water. Relatively modern household water distribution systems cover most cities, while the rural population relies on improved wells and boreholes. Though tropical, Belesia is also susceptible to drought, exacerbated on the smaller low-lying atolls. The government has invested in desalination projects to service the larger islands.

Sanitation

Seventy-five percent of the population has access to an improved sanitation, predominantly those in the developed urban areas. Even in the cities, this does not always equate to fixed plumbing in residences, but also includes improved latrines. The lack of universal or adequate sanitation contributes to the high rate of infectious disease spread, especially in the dense urban

Transportation Architecture

Roads are the primary intra-island transportation method. Although air travel is gaining popularity, surface transport by boat, ferry, or coastal freighter is the primary inter-island mode of transport. Most roads, especially rural roads, are in poor condition at best, due to lack of maintenance. While Belesia has no operational railway, tentative plans envision initial construction around the capital city of Davao, eventually expanding out with 2,000 km of coverage throughout Mindanao.

Road System

Overall, Belesian roads are below US standards. Driving is extremely hazardous and even more so at night and during the rainy season. In general, drivers typically ignore traffic laws and many vehicles on the roads fail to meet the minimum safety standards outlined by the government.

Paved Roads

About 62% percent of Belesia's roads are paved. The network consists mainly of three types of national roads: Primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary roads connect three or more major population centers of 100,000 or more. Secondary roads connect major population centers to smaller cities and tertiary roads are any other maintained by the national government. The Belesian government maintains over 1,200 permanent bridges. During the monsoon season, roads in elevated areas have been known to have the soil wash out from underneath them, causing a collapse.

Unpaved Roads

About 38% of Belesia’s roads are unpaved. Most of these contain a gravel road bed that helps drainage during rainstorms. Most of the country receives a large amount of rainfall and dirt roads without a gravel base are quickly washed away. Road maintenance projects create bottlenecks cutting two-way traffic to a single lane alternating the flow of traffic every few minutes. As anywhere else in the world, these projects often take several months to complete.       

Local Driving Habits

Belesian drivers have terrible habits including: overuse of the horn; texting while driving; racing to beat the red light; changing lanes too often; tailgating; failure to use seatbelts; using their hazard lights to park anywhere for a quick stop (e.g. an ATM withdrawal, or to make a quick purchase with a street vendor); and unloading passengers anywhere. If stopped for moving violations, most Belesian drivers will attempt to bribe the law enforcement officers.

Public Transportation

The larger the city the more likely it is to be a hub for bus traffic. The bus companies are independently owned and operated. The buses run both in the major metropolitan areas and to the more rural areas, providing mainly long distance travel to the civilian population. Very few Belesians use them for local travel, as there are other more efficient and reliable ways to move around the congestion in the major metropolitan areas. The buses used by the private companies do not come from any predominant manufacturer. For the smaller companies that cannot afford to purchase new buses many are refurbished and updated. Many of the buses have air conditioning, which require passengers to pay an additional fee to ride. Many of the major bus companies originate their lines from the major metropolitan areas and then run to the more rural areas. Typically, the routes traveled are limited to only a few companies to each area.

Rail System

Belesia has no operational railway system. Rugged terrain, adequate roads and plentiful water transport challenge the feasibility for a capital-intensive rail system. Initial work is proceeding on a 150- km prototype line in Davao City on Mindanao Island. If successful, an eventual 2,000 km system is planned to cover the entire island.

Air Transportation System

Belesia's airport infrastructure can support major military operations. The two major international airports are located at Davao City on Mindanao Island, and Cebu City on Cebu Island, though most major islands have an international airport serving as a first port of entry. Belesia's network of airfield, fixed base operators, and maintenance facilities can accommodate most intermediate and some depot-level maintenance for its civil air fleet.

Paved Runways

  • Over 10,000 feet: 2
  • 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 8
  • 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 28
  • 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 34
  • Less than 3,000 feet: 3

Unpaved Runways

  • Over 10,000 feet: 0
  • 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 1
  • 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 2
  • 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 19
  • Less than 3,000 feet: 35

Airfield Data Chart

Belesian Airfields
City Length (feet) Width (feet) Elv

(Feet)

MGRS Lat Long Sur-

face

Lts
Aborian 2500 50 1575 50PPR7050351652 9.5103 118.5533 Dirt No
Agutaya 3946 184 0 51PTN5202056621 11.3588 120.7278 Asplt Yes
Alcantara 4560 98 10 51PVP0050561113 12.3110 122.0850 Asplt No
Aroroy 2009 47 165 51PWP3078994743 12.6165 123.2835 Grass No
Asturias 1070 45 207 51PWM8157765259 10.5404 123.7456 Grass No
Asuncion 2220 25 141 51NZJ0131835571 7.5507 125.7304 Grass No
Bacolod 6569 148 26 51PVM9230076440 10.6424 122.9296 Asplt Yes
Baloi 4593 60 1300 51PXJ3385898925 8.1305 124.2150 Con No
Bislig 3937 98 12 52PBQ0492506949 8.1960 126.3220 Con No
Bongao 5100 98 15 50NRL0416658500 5.0470 119.7430 Asplt No
Borongan 3935 95 7 51PYN7025991722 11.6743 125.4790 Con No
Braulio E. Dujali 3129 72 23 51NYJ8253022831 7.4366 125.5596 Dirt Yes
Buenavista 3652 25 5 51PVM6330082054 10.6930 122.6644 Grav No
Bulan 4350 120 3937 51PWQ9533302373 12.6842 123.8780 Grass Asplt No
Buluan 3000 50 10 51NYH0189345207 6.7384 124.8266 Asplt No
Butuan 6450 150 141 51PYK7257290408 8.9515 125.4788 Con Yes
Cagayan de Oro 6890 148 190 51PXK6027352283 8.6122 124.4565 Con Yes
Cagayan de Oro 8050 118 601 510WK7736830608 8.4156 124.6110 Asplt Yes
Calbayog 4843 98 12 51PXP6816035066 12.0727 124.5450 Con Yes
Caluya 7075 94 0 51PUPU2460135385 12.0752 121.3885 Con No
Carles 4365 119 25 51PWN2733366799 11.4595 123.2506 Dirt No
Catarman 4429 98 6 51PXP7777882658 12.5024 124.6360 Con No
Catbalogan 4265 120 0 51PXP9938106195 11.8100 124.8300 Con No
Cuyo 3696 135 0 51PTN5190156699 11.3595 120.7267 Asplt No
Daet 3773 98 10 51PVR9784162015 14.1292 122.9800 Asplt No
Dalaguete 945 33 1013 51PVR9784162015 9.8213 123.5478 Dirt No
Daraga 3000 75 406 51PWQ7361049874 13.1143 123.6791 Dirt No
Datu Odin Sinsuat 6234 98 189 51NXH3360792187 7.1652 124.2100 Asplt Yes
Davao City 9842 148 96 51NYH9227688460 7.1255 125.6460 Asplt Yes
Del Carmen 4167 98 10 52PAR7246791296 9.8591 126.0140 Con No
Dipolog 6273 98 12 51PWK3761950867 8.6020 123.3419 Con Yes
Gasan 4785 95 32 51PUQ7286877358 13.3610 121.8260 Asplt Yes
General Santos 5577 98 28 51NYG4735975479 6.1064 125.2350 Asplt No
General Santos 10587 148 505 51NYG3198970063 6.0580 125.0960 Con Yes
Guiuan 7919 148 7 51PYN9961721277 11.0355 125.7420 Asplt No
Hilongos 3280 100 12 51PXM9082647950 10.3800 124.7430 Asplt No
Iloilo 8202 148 27 51PVM4462597560 10.8330 122.4934 Asplt Yes
Ipil 3150 65 52 51NVJ5611760616 7.7856 122.6020 Con No
Isabel 3691 53 0 51PXN5713206644 10.9122 124.4378 Con No
Isulan 3802 55 219 51NXH7846036698 6.6622 124.6144 Grass No
Jeroco 2700 75 60 51NXH7846036698 5.4061 118.3964 Dirt No
Jolo 4144 98 118 51NTG7985669543 6.0537 121.0110 Asplt No
Jose Panganiban 3090 50 302 51PVR6204679949 14.2911 122.6481 Dirt No
Kabankalan 2600 65 310 51PVM8368106002 10.0053 122.8511 Dirt No
Kalamansig 2675 25 26 51NXH1652725164 6.5594 124.0540 Grass No
Kalibo 7175 148 14 51PVN3199191177 11.6794 122.3760 Con Yes
Kapalong 2409 30 25 51PVN3199191177 7.6031 125.6544 Dirt No
Keningau 9173 150 1036 50NML0715292245 5.3575 116.1620 Asplt No
Kiamba 3955 60 0 51NXG9306956655 5.9380 124.7441 Grass No
Kota Belud 4800 150 46 50NMN4149503604 6.3652 116.4710 Dirt No
Kota Kinablu 9800 150 10 50NLM9495856352 5.9372 116.0510 Asplt Yes
Kuala Penyu 1813 50 6 50NLM4305519177 5.6000 115.5830 Grass No
Kudat 2395 75 10 50NMN8188365184 6.9225 116.8360 Asplt No
Labuan 7546 148 101 50NLL0606686177 5.3007 115.2500 Asplt Yes
Laguindingan 6890 147 190 51PXK6035052317 8.6125 124.4572 Con Yes
Lahad Datu 4498 98 45 50NPL4677656383 5.0323 118.3240 Asplt Yes
Lapu-Lapu 10827 148 31 51PXM0719639574 10.3075 123.9790 Asplt Yes
Lebak 2140 44 16 51PXM0719639574 6.6739 124.0581 Asplt No
Legazpi 7480 118 66 51PWQ7965554669 13.1575 123.7350 Asplt Yes
Liloy 1900 85 260 51PVJ6370995577 8.1019 122.6706 Dirt Yes
Maasin 3642 98 328 51PXM9521626658 10.1873 124.7820 Con No
Mabini 3480 30 15 51NZJ1391403818 7.2631 125.8426 Dirt No
Maco 3268 50 61 51NZJ1361924205 7.4473 125.8411 Dirt No
Magsaysay 5000 100 13 51NZJ1361924205 10.8581 121.0690 Grav No
Maitum 3041 68 1316 51NXG6219072433 6.0815 124.4656 Grass No
Malabang 4462 100 27 51NXJ1681342122 7.6172 124.0590 Con No
Malangas 2400 25 3 51NWJ0197445638 7.6503 123.0179 Grav No
Malay 3117 98 7 51PUP8609518419 11.9245 121.9540 Con No
Malita 3715 94 5 51NYH8974408403 6.4022 125.6192 Con Yes
Mambajao 3945 98 53 51PXL8751723327 9.2535 124.7070 Asplt No
Manolo Fortich 4576 50 1425 51PYK0375923225 8.3478 124.8503 Dirt No
Mapun 4265 125 98 50NPN6524875559 7.0140 118.4960 Mac No
Maragusan 3651 65 2076 52NAP8493408784 7.3079 126.1467 Dirt No
Maramag 4592 60 919 51NYJ2424657617 7.7538 125.0333 Asplt No
Masbate 4921 98 26 51PWP6837867482 12.3694 123.6290 Con No
Mati 5330 105 156 52NAN9865669023 6.9494 126.2730 Con No
Mercedes 812 65 3 51PWR0998557073 14.0845 123.0925 Grass No
Milagros 1341 50 26 51PWP6743646977 12.1840 123.6199 Dirt No
M’lang 5143 95 130 51NYH1286064894 6.9160 124.9265 Con No
Naval 3000 70 0 51PXN5584673411 11.5159 124.4290 Dirt No
New Corella 2866 75 118 51NZJ1179849307 7.6742 125.8261 Dirt No
Ormoc 6120 118 83 51PXN7095222840 11.0580 124.5650 Con No
Ozamiz 5720 95 75 51PWK9275004128 8.1785 123.8420 Asplt No
Pagadian 5512 98 5 51NWJ5084565609 7.8307 123.4612 Asplt No
Pagbilao 2218 75 0 51PUR6431737057 13.9003 121.7442 Dirt No
Pangiao 9200 150 74 51PWL8460858462 9.5745 123.7710 Dirt No
Pantukan 3777 75 3 51NZJ1421301972 7.2464 125.8452 Dirt No
Perez 1766 107 6 51PUR8445273650 14.2320 121.9290 Grass No
Pili 4599 98 142 51PWR2920901835 13.5849 123.2700 Con Yes
Roxas 6201 48 10 51PVN5333982103 11.5977 122.5720 Con Yes
San Antonio 1695 82 3 51PXP3850172996 12.4170 124.2742 Grass No
San Carlos 2396 57 1220 51PWM4893262421 10.5153 123.4472 Grass No
San Fernando 500 43 10 51PVP5917657533 12.2799 122.6246 Grass No
San Isidro 2043 25 25 52NAN7940755501 6.8262 126.0997 Dirt No
San Jose de Buenavista 3937 98 23 51PUM8333990309 10.7660 121.9330 Asplt No
Sandakan 7000 151 46 50NPM1722652361 5.9009 118.0590 Asplt Yes
Santa Catalina 3037 65 43 51PVL8658030387 9.3214 122.8778 Grass No
Santa Fe 2950 40 60 51PWN817534039 11.1624 123.7484 Dirt/ Con No
Santo Tomas 2577 80 16 51NYJ9095926399 7.4684 125.6361 Dirt  No
Semporna 1998 50 60 50NPK7564392056 4.4500 118.5830 Dirt No
Sibulan 6136 118 15 51PWL3294331759 9.3337 123.3000 Asplt Yes
Silay 6562 148 82 51PWM0163991256 10.7764 123.0150 Con No
Siocon 2155 58 923 51NVJ0760752295 7.7097 122.1622 Dirt No
Siquijor 4100 100 0 51PWL5188218567 9.2142 123.4723 Grav No
Sirawai 2243 50 800 51NVJ0709538697 7.5867 122.1578 Dirt No
Sorsogon City 2750 75 126 51PXQ1127338156 13.0072 124.0261 Grass No
Surallah 4396 59 659 51NXH9367804079 6.3668 124.7510 Asplt No
Surigao 5603 98 20 51PYL7217679412 9.7558 125.4809 Con Yes
Surigao City (Nonoc Island) 3939 82 0 51PYL8465685415 9.8092 125.5950 Asplt No
Tacloban 7014 148 10 51PYN2141741908 11.2276 125.0280 Asplt Yes
Tagbilaran 5837 98 38 51PWL9358268391 9.6641 123.8530 Asplt Yes
Tagum 2000 30 84 51NZJ0772127399 7.4765 125.7879 Dirt No
Tampakan 2444 60 3827 51NYH1400809041 6.4110 124.9349 Dirt No
Tandag 4765 98 16 52PAR8899404034 9.0721 126.1710 Con No
Tawau 8800 155 57 50NPK2517177613 4.3202 118.1280 Asplt Yes
Tomanggong 2198 50 26 50NPL8281997127 5.4000 118.6500 Grav No
Tubay 3124 70 61 51PYL8137014594 9.1695 125.5603 Dirt Yes
Ubay 1312 50 7 51PXM5622612275 10.0590 124.4256 Con No
Virac 5118 98 121 51PXR3048001201 13.5764 124.2060 Con Yes
Wao 3380 85 3907 51NXJ9123544309 7.6348 124.7336 Dirt Yes
Zamboanga City 8560 144 33 51NUH9615465273 6.9224 122.0600 Asplt Yes
Legend: Elv = Elevation    MGRS = Military Grid Location System Lat = Latitude   Long = Longitude 

               Con = Concrete     Grav = Gravel    Asplt = Asphalt     Pave = Paved    Mac = Macadam 

               Cmt = Cement        Lts = Lights        AB = Air Base

Maritime

Seaports

Water transport is the primary mode of passenger and cargo transport within the Belesian archipelago and with its neighbors. Belesia has 36 seaports located along the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. There are11 Belesia ports that average more than 1 million tons of cargo throughput annually. The only ports that can accommodate Military Sea Lift (MSC) Commands Large, Medium-Speed Roll-on/Roll-off (LMSR) is the Port of Iloilo and the Port of General Santos. Belesia’s largest and most productive port is the Port of Iloilo, which is the independent capital of the province of Iloilo in the western Visayas region on Panay Island in the Philippines. Located in the center of the Belesia islands, the Port of Iloilo is well-positioned to be an important center for industry, commerce, and trade. It has the educational infrastructure to prepare a skilled workforce, and it has the physical city infrastructure to attract and support business and industry. Today, the Port of Iloilo’s banking, finance, retail trade, and customer service sectors are important to the local and national economy. In 2007, the City and Port of Iloilo was home to over 418 thousand people.

The Iloilo Commercial Port Complex is located on 20.8 hectares of reclaimed land. It includes 11,400 sq. meters of open space for operations, supplemented by an area of 97,000 sq. meters, fixed and mobile cranes, rails of 348 lineal meters; Roll-On-Roll-Off (RO/RO) support; a 7,800 container freight stations; and a 720 sq. meter passenger shed. The port complex is ideal for ships plying international routes having a berth length of 400 meters, a width of 26.26 meters and a berthing depth of 10.50 meters. Large inter-island ferries run 24/7 scheduled service to the main islands, and most others have daily service from one of the major gateway ports. Cargo traffic is mostly containerized or break-bulk with the ports of Davao and Cebu serving as the main entry points for scheduled liner services to the major container hubs in mainland Asia. These ports are operated with RORO capacity and combined are known as the Federated Nautical Highway.

Belesia has relatively large merchant marine and fishing fleets operating globally. Belesians are skilled navigators and it is common to see very small vessels operating at great distances offshore. These craft can be seen in the hundreds of smaller ports and anchorages that are not listed in the mainstream commercial port directories. The Belesian Ministry of Infrastructure assigns the administrative responsibility for ports, waterways, merchant and fishing fleets to the Belesian Maritime Authority. Enforcement of Belesian laws in Belesian territorial waters and exclusive economic zone enforcement falls to the Coast Guard and Revenue Service of Belesia, under the overall authority of the Ministry of Finance.

.At a local scale, water transport is sometimes the primary form of transportation that rural island communities may have. Small boats serve a wide variety of roles, from being taxis to being school buses. One challenge that the Belesian government has faced is finding a way to make travel by small boat safer. There have been a number of incidents where boats have capsized and lost everyone on board, including boats serving as school buses that were loaded over capacity with children.

Major Belesian Ports

Navigable Rivers

All rivers in Belesia are navigable for only small vessels. There are no rivers where oceangoing freighters can travel upstream from the ports on the coasts. Locals will use traditional boats to bring their goods to market.

Pipelines

There are a few pipelines in Belesia and more are being built every year as the economy continues to grow.

Petroleum

Belesia has a single refinery located in southern Luzon. After conversion of the petroleum to various types of oil-based products, there are a few pipelines that distribute the refined petroleum to the largest cities in Belesia. There is also a complex petroleum pipeline system that operates at the larger ports. Some of them take raw petroleum and then transport it to the refinery before distribution. Other pipelines take refined products off of ships and transport them to holding facilities before distribution throughout the country.

Natural Gas

Most pipelines in Belesia are for natural gas. There are approximately 200 km of transmission pipelines that run from the offshore fields west of Gabal’s Palawan Island to southern Luzon. Then there are another 300 km of distribution pipelines that distribute the natural gas to much of Belesia. Over 9% of Belesia's electricity comes from the fuels transported by these pipelines.

Water

Water is transported in standard pipes from the purification plants to those houses that have indoor tap water. The same pipes transport water to community fountains where people without indoor water can get their daily water supply. There are no major pipelines transporting water great distances across the country.

Telecommunications Architecture

In Belesia, most citizens can access a telephone and listen to a radio or television, and over 70 percent of the population has access to the internet either through computers or through cell phones. Belesia boasts the largest growth trends within the archipelago, with upgrades and competition in both internet and mobile services. Belesians have approximately 20 million landlines and 40 million cell phones. The country has multiple radio stations that range from government owned, religious, pop culture, and music. There are three national television networks and approximately 40 local television stations providers.

Industry

Belesian manufacturing is relatively significant, but lags behind its neighbor South Torbia in capital and technological investment. It possesses a modest steel industry along with the attendant downstream industries. Abundant regional energy reserves and favorable environmental laws sustain a capable but ageing petrochemical industry.

Food and Agriculture

About 30% of Belesians farm, accounting for 10% of the country’s GDP, though it is a net food importer due to large rice imports. The bulk of Belesian farms are small farms and family run. Irrigation is controlled by the Belesian government, which recently implemented legislature that removed charges for small farmers to irrigate their fields. In the central region of Belesia, the crops are rain fed and irrigation is used in the lowlands.

Major crops are abaca, cashew, citrus fruit, coconut, lemon, maguey, mango, oil palm, pineapple, papaya, other fruits, and rubber, while annual crops are cabbage, cassava, corn, cotton, eggplant, garlic, onion, peanut, sweet potato, rice, sugarcane, tobacco, and vegetables. The current agriculture production is not sufficient to sustain the population and the country must import grains and soybeans to meet the demand of the populace. The government has placed increased emphasis on the agriculture sector to become more self-sufficient. The palm oil industry has been growing over the last decade, with many farmers switching from other crops to the more economically beneficial palm oil industry. This trend has not only made it harder for local agriculture to sustain the population, it has also led to an increase in deforestation in order to clear land for palm oil plantations. This has become a particularly intense issue on the island of Borneo, where environmentalists seek to protect endangered rain forests.

Oil/Gas

Belesia is a net energy importer in both natural gas and crude oil. The country does have an extremely well-developed maritime transport and storage terminal infrastructure. Each port has storage facilities capable of handling both raw petroleum and finished petroleum products. After offloading from the ships, the Belesian distribution system works well getting the products to where they are needed.

Defense Infrastructure

Recent construction of coastal patrol craft based on indigenous designs are the highlight of the Belesian defense industry. It is also a key player intermediate maintenance, with depots servicing sophisticated maritime, aviation and land systems. Domestically produced land force products are limited to tactical vehicle modification, small arms, and personnel equipment.

Nuclear Facilities

Belesia does not possess the infrastructure nor the resources to have nuclear capabilities.

Space

Belesia participates in UN space protocols and other international agreements controlling satellite use in search and rescue, communication, and navigation. However, it procures all of its imaging and communication services from the private sector and security partners. Its proximity to the equator has made it a frequent target for real estate acquisition for corporations looking to construct ground control stations.

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