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''This page is a section of [[Gabal]].''
 
  
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While the region’s five countries have a significant number of rural residents, the majority of each country’s population lives in urban areas. About two-thirds of the Arianian (68%), Donovian (67%), and Limarian populace (64%) and just over half of the Gorgan (53%) and Atropian (52%) populace  live in urban areas. All five countries contain a mixture of modern urban cities and almost pre- modern rural villages. Modern utilities can be found in most major cities but not in the rural villages and countryside.
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<div style="font-size:0.9em; color:#333;">
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[[Pacific|DATE Pacific]] &gt; [[Gabal]] &gt; '''{{PAGENAME}}''' &larr;You are here
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</div><div style="float:right;margin-left:15px;">__TOC__</div>
  
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The Arianian infrastructure resembles a patchwork quilt with a mixture of modernization and obsolescence. While previous Arianian leaders made substantial investments, the infrastructure now faces significant challenges from the stresses of both war and peace. While rail, road, air, and seaports are marginally adequate, the natural gas and oil infrastructure suffers from archaic construction. Environmental and population pressures on aquifers, along with considerable pollution levels, create significant stress on water and other natural resources. Over 40% of [[Ariana|Ariana’s]] more than 77 million people reside in its 18 largest cities, all of which have at least 350,000 residents.
+
== Infrastructure Overview ==
 +
The country of Gabal contains a mixture of emerging urban areas and primitive rural villages. Modern utilities are found predominantly in the cities and towns and at reasonable levels throughout the rural countryside. Forty-five percent of the nation has access to electricity with 77.5% of urban areas and 36% of rural areas respectively. Over ninety percent of Gabal has access to potable water, while 100% of the nation has access to a sanitation system, with 60.2% having access to modern sewage systems.
  
−
== Construction Patterns ==
+
The infrastructure of Gabal is stressed and outdated. Emphasis has been placed on the modernizing of the infrastructure in recent years but it continues to be stressed due to lack of resources. Gabal has a dated mass transit system. Bus companies provide transportation in cities and to rural areas. The country still uses converted WWII vehicles as taxis and mopeds as a means for transportation that release significant pollutants into the environment. Two airports (one with a paved runway) are able to handle smaller commercial aircraft for the entire nation. The one major seaport is dated and can only handle shallow draft ships. The country suffers from high levels of pollution in the rural areas and the government has made policies to combat pollution in rural environments and water supplies.
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As previously mentioned, the majority of residents in all five countries live in urban areas. Most urban cities contain a mixture of old neighborhoods with roughshod construction, while buildings in newer neighborhoods are made with modern construction methods. In rural villages and areas, residents use whatever materials they can obtain to build their houses.
 
  
−
Construction patterns in Ariana’s urban areas are similar, with dense, random construction in the city’s oldest areas and more closed orderly block construction in the recently built neighborhoods. In the very rural areas, Arianians use mud, brick and other traditional techniques that have been used to build homes for hundreds, if not thousands, of years. The result is  a shantytown appearance.
+
Many of the urban areas contain single story to three story buildings. The cities tend to be extremely densely populated for an area of that size due to the mountainous regions found throughout the island nation. Typical rural construction is low quality wooden houses with corrugated roofs. The government has only recently (within the past 10 years) started using urban planning although there is still not a national standard required for layout of urban areas or minimum access to basic services. The city planners do have the knowledge for strategic and sustainable city planning. The materials consist of concrete, steel, and rebar construction methods. In rural areas prone to flooding, houses are built on pilings to prevent flooding. Military operations in urban areas will be strained due to limited amount of roads and the antiquated infrastructure. Resources will be needed to augment the infrastructure in the way of power, facilities, sewage, and rations. The military will find additional resources in the form of large unskilled labor pools.
  
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Military operations in urban areas will benefit from modern electricity, water, sewage, and other utility services. The military will also find resources to support them such a large labor pool. In urban areas, the military must cope with more people who oppose them, additional hiding places for the enemy, and added civilians they must    support logistically to prevent starvation. Because of its large metropolitan population, Ariana would require extensive urban operations.
+
== Major Cities and Urban Zones ==
 +
Gabal has three cities that account for 22% of the population of the nation. The national average population density is 53.7 km<sup>2</sup>.
  
−
== Major Arianian Cities and Urban Zones ==
+
=== Infrastructure Matrix ===
−
[[File:Ariana's Largest Cities.png|thumb|Ariana's Largest Cities]]
+
The following chart provides the basic information for the four largest cities in Gabal. Overall, most of these cities are modern in some areas but also contain areas that are not.
−
Over 68% percent of Ariana’s people live in urban areas. Ariana has 12 metropolitan areas with populations over one million residents. Over 40% of Ariana residents (over 34 million of 77.9 million) live in Ariana’s 18 largest metropolitan areas.
+
{| class="wikitable"
 +
| colspan="11" |'''Infrastructure Sub-Variables'''
 +
|-
 +
|'''City'''
 +
|'''Pop'''
 +
|'''Pop Dens/km<sup>2</sup>'''
 +
|'''UBD'''
 +
|'''Roads'''
 +
|'''Air'''
 +
|'''Rail'''
 +
|'''Sea'''
 +
|'''Power'''
 +
|'''Water'''
 +
|'''Sewage/'''
  
−
=== Tehran ===
+
'''Sanitation'''
−
Tehran, Ariana’s capital, contains over one-eighth of the country’s population—over 8 million people, with an additional 4 million people in the greater metropolitan area. Tehran governs  the city through 22 municipal districts. The city center is a mixture of closely compacted ancient buildings along narrow streets and modern multi-story high rise buildings that form both city core and core periphery urban zones. Tehran also has both high-rise and low-rise residential areas. Ariana’s capital possesses many commercial, industrial areas, including an oil refinery south of the city and military bases in the metropolitan area. Over 175 miles of highways cross Tehran with at least another 80 miles under construction.
+
|-
 +
|Puerto Princesa
 +
|255,116
 +
|110
 +
|M
 +
|M
 +
|M
 +
|NE
 +
|M
 +
|Dg
 +
|Dg
 +
|Dg 
 +
|-
 +
|Coron
 +
|51,803
 +
|75
 +
|M
 +
|M
 +
|M
 +
|NE
 +
|M
 +
|Dg
 +
|Dg
 +
|Dg 
 +
|-
 +
|Busuanga
 +
|22,046
 +
|56
 +
|L
 +
|P
 +
|M
 +
|NE
 +
|NE
 +
|NE
 +
|NE
 +
|NE 
 +
|-
 +
|Culion
 +
|20,139
 +
|40
 +
|L
 +
|P
 +
|P
 +
|NE
 +
|NE
 +
|NE
 +
|NE
 +
|NE 
 +
|-
 +
| colspan="11" |''' '''
  
−
=== Mashhad ===
+
'''Legend''':  Population (Pop); Density (Dens); kilometer (km)
−
Mashhad, Ariana’s second-largest city with over 2.5 million residents, lies in the extreme northeast corner of the country. A complex of modern high-rise buildings under 10 stories tall and mosques in the center of Mashhad create city core and core periphery urban zones. Old-style dense, random residential houses surround the governmental complex for many miles in all directions. A few high- rise apartment buildings, most under 10 stories, are scattered among the dense low-rise residential neighborhoods.
 
  
−
=== Isfahan ===
+
Per TC-7-101: UBD = Urban Building Density; low (L);  medium (M); high (H); primitive (P); moderate (M); complex (C); non-existent  (NE); degraded (Dg); developed (Dv) 
−
The country’s third-largest city, Isfahan, has over 1.5 million residents in the city and almost 3.5 million in the metropolitan area. Located along the main north-south and east-west routes across Ariana, Isfahan has served as an important regional city for many centuries. Like other large Arianian cities, its variety of neighborhoods includes the closely packed old city built randomly over the centuries, scattered areas with high-rise apartments, and spread-out single-family homes in more orderly construction farther from the inner city. Urban zones include city core, core periphery, and high-rise residential areas, with smaller zones of low-rise residential areas. For a city its size, Isfahan has few commercial and industrial areas.
+
|}
−
 
 
−
=== Tabriz ===
 
−
Located in Ariana’s extreme northwest corner of the country, Tabriz is Ariana’s fourth-largest city with 1.5 million residents. Each of the city’s eight municipal districts contains old city neighborhoods that create small city core urban zones with dense random construction. Pockets of high-rise multi- family dwellings and single-family homes spring up randomly in all the districts, creating both high- rise and low-rise residential area urban zones. The suburbs, while planned, do not always resemble a grid pattern as the residents built the low-rise residential areas to fit the terrain. After Tehran, the greater Tabriz region is Ariana’s largest industrial center and possesses a thriving commercial area.
 
−
 
 
−
=== Karaj ===
 
−
Karaj, with almost 1.4 million inhabitants, is Ariana’s fifth-largest city. Located near Tehran to the west, the city contains a similar combination of dense random construction and modern buildings that create city core, core periphery, high-rise, and low-rise residential areas. Karaj also has commercial and industrial areas.
 
  
−
=== Population Density ===
+
==== Puerto Princesa ====
−
Tehran: 26,748 people per square mile
+
As the former capital of Gabal during the colonial era, Puerto Princesa was the economic hub for the country.  Development within the city continued through the end of the colonial era, however with the transition of the government to Coron the city has entered a period of fluctuation and degradation. With the economic benefits related to colonialism gone, and now the influx of money related to governance gone, the city has lost much of its former importance.  That said, it is still the largest city in the country, and continues to be the most important part of Gabal’s struggling economy thanks to its ability to attract tourism. The buildings in the main urban areas consist of multi-story buildings.
  
−
Mashhad: 16,445 people per square mile
+
==== Coron ====
 +
As Gabal’s capital city, Coron serves as the only significant port for the nation and sits on Coron Bay. The areas north of the Pasig River tend to be the centers of trade and commerce.  The city center serves as the core for the government. The buildings in the main urban areas consist of multi-story buildings, single family and duplex dwellings, and resort type accommodations for tourists. The city is very condensed as the Bay of Coron is to the west and south and mountains surround the other sides.
  
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Isfahan: 12,556 people per square mile
+
==== Busuanga ====
 +
Located 45 km. northwest of Coron, Busuanga is the second largest city in Gabal. Tourism plays a significant role in the economy of the city. Construction in the city is mainly one-story resort hotels and single-family dwellings of concrete and rebar construction. As you move out of the center, it becomes more rural and again becomes more subsistence living and impoverished. 
  
−
Tabriz: 11,179 people per square mile
+
==== Culion ====
 +
Culion lies approximately 22 km. southwest of Coron and is the third largest city in Gabal. The basis for Culion's economy is mainly tourism and associated service industries. It also has several of the best tourist beaches, which bring revenue to the local area. The construction in the city center is mainly one or two story resort hotels, hostels, and single-family dwellings of concrete and rebar construction. As you move out of the center, it becomes more rural and again becomes more subsistence living and impoverished.
  
−
Karaj: 11,111 people per square mile
+
== Energy Sector ==
 +
Forty-five percent of Gabal's population has access to public electricity, 77.5% in urban areas and 36.0% in rural areas. Gabal produces 100% of its electricity from fossil fuels from two plants operating on a "mini-grid." Due to the poor economic conditions of the country, there are not many investors interested in increasing the energy supply in the country. The current two plants are over 40 years old and repair parts are difficult to obtain.
  
−
== Utilities Present ==
+
=== Nuclear Power ===
−
The Caucasus area faces a dichotomy when it comes to utilities such as electricity, water, and sewage treatment. Most urban households can access modern utilities, but rural areas cannot. Many rural residents who cannot access modern utilities live similarly to their ancestors generations ago.
+
Gabal have no nuclear power plants.
 +
=== Renewable Power ===
 +
Some families may possessing solar panels they place on their roof, but these usually only provide minimal amounts of electricity. In recent years there have been significant pushes for the development of a renewable power grid, however the cost of such a grid means that it is unlikely to be developed without significant foreign support.
  
−
=== Power ===
+
=== Hydrocarbon Power ===
−
Another dichotomy in the Caucasus region is that countries like Ariana, Atropia, and Donovia export hydrocarbons, coal, or electrical power to other countries while Gorgas and Limaria must import the same resources to meet their requirements. The countries that can export hydrocarbon products or electricity become richer while those that must import significant quantities of power become poorer. At least 75% of all structures in the five countries can access power because they are located  in urban areas.
+
The Gabal government operates five diesel power plants that use outdated technology Scheduled daily blackouts are common, and most businesses use backup generators.
  
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Though it is the fourth-largest producer of crude oil in the world, Ariana still must import over 200,000 barrels per day (bbl/day) of refined oil products because it lacks internal refinery capacity. During the past three years, Ariana reduced its natural gas exports 25%, or 50 billion cubic feet, as it attempted to wean its citizens off more expensive oil products. While Ariana increased its electricity production over the past decade by over 10%, electricity exports remain stagnant because of increased internal consumption.
+
=== Hydroelectric Power ===
 +
There are no hydroelectric power plants in Gabal. Any plants built in the future would produce less than 100 kW of electricity daily making them micro hydro plants. Some of the rural communities could use a pico hydro system that would produce less than 5 kW per day, barely enough for a small community. The cost of the system would be cost prohibitive for most Gabalian families and would need financial assistance.
  
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Arianian population growth, inadequate power distribution investment, outdated infrastructure, and waste place significant demands on Ariana’s electrical grid. Ariana currently produces 90% of its power from oil-fired generation plants (as expected with its oil reserves), but the country is pursuing an aggressive construction program for hydroelectric dams and nuclear power plants. The first nuclear power plant hooked up to the national grid occurred in September 2011 when the Bushehr power plant went on line. With the success of the initial nuclear power plant, the Arianian government began the construction of five additional reactors—one at Bushehr and four additional sites located along the Persian Gulf. The Arianian government continues to emphasize electricity for development. Ariana exports small quantities of electricity to Limaria, Pakistan, Kalaria, Iraq, and Afghanistan.
+
=== Power Plant Data Matrix ===
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
−
|'''Name'''
+
| colspan="7" |'''Gabal Power Plants'''
−
|'''Location* (Latitude/Longitude)'''
 
−
|'''Current Operational Reactors'''
 
−
|'''Reactors Under Construction'''
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Bushehr'''
+
|'''Name or Location'''
−
|N 28˚ 59’ 20”
+
|'''Fuel Type'''
−
 
+
|'''Capacity (MW)'''
−
E 50˚ 49’ 42”
+
|'''Latitude'''
−
|1
+
| colspan="2" |'''Longitude'''
−
|1
+
|'''MGRS'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Bandar Deylam'''
+
|Delta Princesa Power Plant
−
|N 30˚ 00’ 09”
+
|Diesel
−
 
+
|23
−
E 50˚ 09’ 29”
+
| colspan="2" |9.85054
−
|0
+
|118.73599
−
|1
+
|50PPR9037089381
−
|-
 
−
|'''Bandar-e-Ganaveh'''
 
−
|N 29˚ 38’ 25”
 
−
 
 
−
E 50˚ 25’ 18”
 
−
|0
 
−
|1
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Banak'''
+
|Roxas Power Plant
−
|N 27˚ 49’ 46”
+
|Diesel
−
 
+
|3.6
−
E 52˚ 02’ 12”
+
| colspan="2" |10.31854
−
|0
+
|119.32441
−
|1
+
|50PQS5455841557
 
|-
 
|-
−
|'''Bandar-Lengeh'''
+
|Busuanga Power Plant
−
|N 26 ˚ 33’ 50”
+
|Diesel
−
 
+
|8
−
E 54˚ 54’ 55”
+
| colspan="2" |12.0295
−
|0
+
|120.1609
−
|1
+
|51PSP9085531412
 
|-
 
|-
−
| colspan="4" |'''*Estimated Location Only'''
+
|Culion Power Plant
 +
|Diesel
 +
|.75
 +
| colspan="2" |11.8817
 +
|120.0149
 +
|51PSP7476815217
 
|-
 
|-
−
| colspan="4" |'''Arianian Nuclear Power Plants'''
+
| colspan="7" |'''Legend''':  megawatt (MW)     MGRS: Military Grid  Reference System
 
|}
 
|}
−
The Western world will need continuous access to oil and natural gas from Ariana, which is one of the largest hydrocarbon producers in the world. Any military activity in the region will need to help ensure the continued operation of Ariana’s hydrocarbon export systems.
 
  
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=== Water ===
+
=== Home Heating ===
−
The majority of the Caucasus region’s urban population has access to potable water. As areas become more rural, people must rely on local sources—rivers, streams, and wells—to obtain water for cooking, drinking, and washing.
+
Houses in Gabal are often quite small, especially those in the rural communities. Due to the climate, heating is not needed for most months. In the cities, most houses use heat produced by electricity. In rural areas, houses are normally heated by burning wood.  
  
−
Though population increases have placed additional pressure on water delivery systems, the government has successfully extended modern water systems to reach more than 75% of Arianians. In rural areas, water distribution infrastructure is obsolete, inadequate, or nonexistent. The  Arianian geography creates a dichotomy because of extreme seasonal water flow variations as well  as differences between regions (from bone-dry deserts in the east and south, to the lush mountain valleys along the Caspian) and even within regions. These challenges create distribution issues that require significant investment in dams, pipelines, and reservoirs. Deep wells also serve as an important part of the water distribution network, especially in rural areas. Military personnel should find sufficient potable water access in urban areas but may experience water shortages in rural areas. Before any military personnel use local water sources, they should test and potentially treat for contamination.
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== Water and Sanitation ==
  
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=== Sewage ===
+
=== Water ===
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The vast majority of Ariana, Atropia, Donovia, and Gorgas urban residents use modern sewage disposal methods to get rid of waste, but most Limarians do not. Urban residents have greater access to modern sewage treatment than rural residents. The more remote a person, the less likely he/she will use modern sewage treatment techniques. Poor disposal methods in rural areas contaminate ground water that other residents rely on for drinking and cooking.
+
Nearly all of the residents of Gabal (93.3%) have access to potable water. Apart from the importation of bottled water, desalination and rainwater tanks are the two main water sources supplying households in Gabal. The main desalination plant, as well as the rain and water tanks, provide for 35% and 59% of households, respectively. A large proportion (64%) of those in the top 20% income bracket rely on rain and own water tanks, compared to other sources of water (only 24%). On the other hand, 83% of households in the bottom third for income rely on a 40-year old desalinization plant as their main water source supply. Lower income/expenditure households rarely use their own water tanks due to the high cost. However, the desalinization plant, constructed during the heyday of chromite mining, is now operating well under peak capacity (<70%) due to maintenance issues, an inability to secure repair parts, and increased contamination in the water supply that the plant has trouble filtering. Water from this source carries increasing levels of potentially toxic materials. As the landscape becomes more rural the methods for obtaining water move to unprotected wells and streams. The water distribution pipes are old and in some parts of the cities are starting to fail. The public works department is constantly repairing them, which also damages the roadways.
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While moderately capable sewage systems exist in larger metropolitan areas, sewage systems in many Arianian rural areas are outdated, inadequate, or nonexistent. In many locations—including urban areas—households and industries discharge untreated sewage through rainwater systems. In rural areas, sanitary facilities often consist of pit latrines or other very basic systems. Urban areas usually have more modern facilities. With the exception of Tehran, which has separate water and sewer departments, a single local government entity that reports to national authorities handles both water and sewage.
 
  
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== Transportation Architechture ==
+
=== Sanitation ===
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Roads are the primary transportation method throughout the Caucasus region. Train and especially air travel remain too expensive for many residents of Ariana, Atropia, Gorgas, and Limaria. Most roads, especially the unpaved ones, suffer from a lack of maintenance. Ariana and Donovia maintain a complex transportation architectural system while the other three countries operate a moderate one due to railway system limitations.
+
All residents have access to some type of sanitation services. 60.2% of the population has access to modern plumbing (septic or sewer systems) while 39.8% have access to unimproved methods of sanitation. The main form is pit latrines. Less than 10% of the wastewater is treated which, combined with pollutants from mining and lumber operations, has led to contamination of almost all of the groundwater. Due to limited wastewater treatment facilities, most domestic wastewater is discharged without treatment. 
−
[[File:Ariana’s Major Roads.png|thumb|Ariana’s Major Roads]]
 
  
−
=== Road Systems ===
+
While an outdated marginally capable sewage systems exist in urban areas, sewage systems in rural areas are further antiquated or non-existent. Only 49.1% of rural residents in Gabal have access to a modern sewage system, which are predominantly in the form of septic systems. The remaining 50.9% of the rural population use pit latrines.
−
Overall, roads in this part of the world do not meet US or Western Europe standards. Driving is hazardous, especially in the winter months or in bad weather. Generally, drivers do not obey all traffic laws, and vehicle owners often fail to maintain their vehicles properly.
 
  
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Ariana has a vast road network of 106,891 miles that includes 77,893 miles of paved roads. The Arianian road network consists of two major national highways, called the A1 and the A2. The A1 stretches from the Limarian border, through Tehran, to Afghanistan. It covers 1,200 miles and is generally kept in good condition throughout its entire length. The A2 extends from the Iraqi border to the Pakistani border along the southern part of Ariana. Numerous other freeways and roads connect cities or run within major cities like Tehran. Most have heavy traffic and are considered dangerous due to the Arianians’ reckless driving habits, poor design, substandard road conditions, and poorly maintained older cars.
+
== Transportation Architecture ==
 +
Roads are the primary transportation method throughout Gabal. The roads, especially rural roads, are in poor condition at best, due to lack of maintenance. The mining companies and logging industry funded the development of the road networks over 40 years ago to move products to the ports. Since the decline of those industries, little has been done to maintain or improve them. Movement between islands often requires hiring a local with a boat to ferry passengers or goods.
 +
=== Road System ===
 +
Overall, roads in Gabal fail to meet US or Western European standards.  Driving is extremely hazardous and becomes even more hazardous at night due to lack of driver skills and poor roads. In general, drivers fail to obey traffic laws and drive erratically. The conditions of the roads range from maintained paved roads to dirt tracks that are used by pedestrians and livestock. 
  
−
=== Bus ===
+
==== Paved Roads ====
−
All five countries maintain some sort of bus system, but its quality depends on the country and location. The larger the city, the more likely it will operate a public bus system. Usually, intercity buses run between the larger cities, and “private” buses may also operate in some areas. Due to the relatively cheap cost of public transportation, buses remain a favorite method for local civilians to travel long distances within their country.
+
Gabal does not have a national road network. The nation has a total of 1500 km of roads and 650 km are paved. The paved roads are in various states of disrepair. The road network was originally developed and financed by the mining and logging companies to facilitate the movement of equipment and goods. Since the decline in logging and chromite mining, the nation has not done routine maintenance and upkeep on the roads.
  
−
Buses operate throughout Ariana, providing long distance and local transportation to the civilian population. Most travelers find the Arianian bus system inexpensive and usually reliable. Often buses will leave almost every hour from the large Arianian cities to other large cities. For long distance travel, many travelers take a night bus. Mercedes, Super Luxe, and Volvo provide the bulk of the buses that operate in Ariana. Most Mercedes buses are over ten years old, with an air conditioner that no longer operates effectively. While slightly newer, many of the air conditioners in the Super Luxe models also no longer work. Due to their relative newness, the Volvos come closest to Western standards for buses with operational air conditioners. At any time on a long-distance bus trip, riders can obtain water that usually comes from melted ice.
+
==== Unpaved Roads ====
 +
Gabal has over 850 km of unpaved dirt roads. These roads can be especially dangerous due to not being maintained, a lack of streetlights, and pedestrian and livestock traffic. Military traffic / convoys on the road networks will be stressed due to lack of quality roads and the unmaintained dirt roads throughout the island nation. The amount of pedestrian traffic on the rural roads will also be an issue.  
  
−
Tehran is the hub for the Arianian bus system. Four major inter-city bus stations operate in Tehran, taking riders to other cities both within Ariana and to other countries. Tehran also operates an internal bus system with 60 major stations and other stops throughout the city. Additionally, the city operates 10 local trolley buses.
+
==== Local Driving Habits ====
 +
Due to the low number of motorized vehicles and the condition of the roads throughout Gabal, the problems found in many other countries are not found in Gabal. Those that can drive in Gabal pay little attention to road signs and standard driving courtesies, however, so there are large number of vehicle accidents. These accidents often involve non-motorized vehicles as the drivers usually travel faster than they should do for the road conditions and pay little attention to their surroundings. Motor vehicle drivers do not yield the right away to pedestrians creating a large number of confrontations between drivers and pedestrians. The pedestrians use the dirt roads like a walking path while the drivers attempt to get around them to continue on their journey. Entrepreneurs on bicycles, motorcycles, or other conveyances zoom around people in urban areas.  
  
−
Any military operation in the Tehran area that interrupts the bus system could strangle the city’s operation. The buses are vital to Tehran’s economic well-being. Any military operations in Ariana would involve inspecting buses for contraband and weapons.
+
=== Public Transportation System ===
−
[[File:Ariana’s Major Railroads and Ports.png|thumb|Ariana’s Major Railroads and Ports]]
+
The primary public transportation method in Gabal are buses and hired automobiles. The larger the populated area, the more likely it is to have more frequent bus traffic. The bus companies are independently owned and operated. The buses run both in the major metropolitan areas and to the more rural areas. Travel by bus to the more remote areas of the each island can take several hours despite the small size of the islands. The conditions of the roads degrades the further you move from the larger urban centers. There is limited bus services on Culion Island focusing mainly on the large tourist centers of Culion proper and Molpok. For those with automobiles, the owners will hire their vehicle out for cash money.
  
 
=== Rail ===
 
=== Rail ===
−
All five Caucasus countries operate a railroad system, but they suffer many problems due to maintenance issues, non-standard equipment, criminal activity, and high cost.
+
Due to the small size of the islands, Gabal does not have any railway lines. The mining and timber companies did not feel it would be economically sound to install them and the government lacks the resources to install them now.
−
 
 
−
Republic of Ariana Railways controls and operates the country’s 5,246 railroad-mile network. Ariana plans significant domestic railway expansion, with connections scheduled for Afghanistan, Central Asia, Iraq, Kalaria, and Pakistan.  Tehran operates a metro system that the government plans to expand to meet the capital’s transportation needs, which are driven by heavy vehicle traffic and pollution.
 
−
 
 
−
Because of geographical issues in a mountainous nation like Ariana, the country’s rail system accounts for only 4% of domestic passenger traffic and just over 7% of domestic freight traffic. Arianian rail consists primarily of standard gauge 1,435 millimeter (4 feet, 8½ inch) track even though some connections with neighboring countries do use broad gauge. Most Arianian locomotives operate on diesel fuel, but  some have been converted to electric. The different size gauges may cause some problems if the military attempts to use the Arianian railroad system for logistical purposes or to transport large numbers of soldiers.
 
  
 
=== Air Transportation Systems ===
 
=== Air Transportation Systems ===
−
All five countries maintain both paved and unpaved runways of varying distances. Many of the unpaved runways resemble nothing more than a cleared dirt path only suitable for the sturdiest of planes.
+
Gabal contains six airstrips, three with paved runways. The chart below shows the details for each runway.
−
 
 
−
Ariana has 133 paved and 186 unpaved runways. In addition to the airports that provide domestic service within Ariana and international connections, the country has a number of airfields that can accommodate large aircraft (C5/C17/B747). Ariana possesses enough airfields with adequate  runways to support any military operation. All pilots should ensure data accuracy before attempting to land on any runway. The “map numbers” on the runway map match up with the numbers on the chart that follows it.
 
−
[[File:Ariana’s Major Runways (Not All Shown).png|thumb|Ariana’s Major Runways (Not All Shown)]]
 
  
 
==== Paved Runways ====
 
==== Paved Runways ====
−
* Over 10,000 feet: 42
+
There are only three paved runways in Gabal, one in Puerto Princessa, one near San Vicente, and the other near Coron.
−
* 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 27
+
* Over 10,000 feet: 0
−
* 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 24
+
* 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 1
−
* 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 34
+
* 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 1
−
* Under 3,000 feet: 6
+
* 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 1
 +
* Under 3,000 feet: 0
  
 
==== Unpaved Runways ====
 
==== Unpaved Runways ====
−
* Over 10,000 feet: 1
+
There are three dirt runways in Gabal and all are under 2300 feet in length.
−
* 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 1
+
* Over 10,000 feet: 0
−
* 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 9
+
* 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 0
−
* 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 142
+
* 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 0
−
* Under 3,000 feet: 33
+
* 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 0
 +
* Under 3,000 feet: 3
  
−
==== Major Runways ====
+
==== Airfield Data ====
−
* GRE= Graded Rolled Earth
+
The following are the major runways located in Gabal.
−
* GRS=Non-graded Rolled Earth
 
−
* PEM=Porous European Mix
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
−
|'''Map #'''
+
| colspan="9" |'''Gabal Airfields'''
−
|'''Elevation (Feet)'''
+
|-
−
|'''Latitude (D, M, S)'''
+
|'''City'''
−
|'''Longitude (D, M, S)'''
+
|'''Length (feet)'''
−
|'''Length (Feet)'''
+
|'''Width (feet)'''
−
|'''Width (Feet)'''
+
|'''Elv'''
 +
 
 +
'''(Feet)'''
 +
|'''MGRS'''
 +
|'''Lat'''
 +
|'''Long'''
 
|'''Surface Type'''
 
|'''Surface Type'''
 +
|'''Lts'''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1-1
+
|Balabac
−
|10
+
|6800
−
|30 22 16.00 N
+
|150
−
|48 13 42.00 E
+
|50
−
|10170
+
|50PNQ3638909706
−
|148
+
|8.2297
−
|Asphalt
+
|117.3304
 +
|Dirt
 +
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1-2
+
|Bataraza
−
|10
+
|5000
−
|30 22 16.00 N
+
|85
−
|48 13 42.00 E
+
|23
−
|7438
+
|50PNQ4800245184
−
|115
+
|8.5505
−
|Asphalt
+
|117.4362
−
|-
+
|Asplt
−
|2
+
|Yes
−
|2600
 
−
|32 56 04.19 N
 
−
|47 29 00.41 E
 
−
|6975
 
−
|110
 
−
|Asphalt
 
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|Busuanga
 +
|2300
 +
|90
 
|3
 
|3
−
|23
+
|50PRU1647446160
−
|25 52 32.67 N
+
|12.1620
−
|55 01 58.78 E
+
|119.9078
−
|9796
+
|Dirt
−
|148
+
|No
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|4
 
−
|88
 
−
|30 44 43.62 N
 
−
|49 40 34.54 E
 
−
|7000
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|5
 
−
|64
 
−
|31 20 14.80 N
 
−
|48 45 43.70 E
 
−
|11155
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|6
 
−
|5452
 
−
|34  08 17.05 N
 
−
|49  50 50.27 E
 
−
|9784
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|7
 
−
|4315
 
−
|38 19 34.54 N
 
−
|48  25 27.89 E
 
−
|10823
 
−
|148
 
−
|PEM
 
−
|-
 
−
|8
 
−
|2037
 
−
|27 14 10.21 N
 
−
|60 43 12.12 E
 
−
|7649
 
−
|150
 
−
|Asphalt
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|9
+
|Coron
−
|10
+
|3300
−
|27 28 51.95 N
 
−
|52 36 56.39 E
 
−
|11812
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|10
 
−
|20
 
−
|29 50 24.22 N
 
−
|50 16 21.71 E
 
−
|7200
 
−
|100
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|11
 
−
|3084
 
−
|29 05 02.13 N
 
−
|58 27 01.43 E
 
−
|11625
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|12-1
 
−
|22
 
−
|27  13 05.41 N
 
−
|56  22 40.35 E
 
−
|11959
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|12-2
 
−
|22
 
−
|27 13 05.41 N
 
−
|56 22 40.35 E
 
−
|11292
 
 
|98
 
|98
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|13
 
−
|19
 
−
|27  09 29.70 N
 
−
|56  10 20.86 E
 
−
|8530
 
−
|115
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|14
 
−
|67
 
−
|26 31 53.00 N
 
−
|54 49 39.00 E
 
−
|8203
 
 
|148
 
|148
−
|Asphalt
+
|51PSP8432641667
 +
|12.1215
 +
|120.1000
 +
|Con
 +
|Yes
 
|-
 
|-
−
|15
+
|Coron
−
|1350
+
|1952
−
|27 12 45.64 N
+
|25
−
|54  19 06.93 E
+
|27
−
|4500
+
|51PSP9515029398
−
|100
+
|12.0117
−
|Asphalt
+
|120.2005
 +
|Dirt
 +
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|16
+
|Culion
−
|1175
+
|1400
−
|30 43 57.46 N
+
|25
−
|50 06 45.97 E
+
|154
−
|8210
+
|50PRU2010512240
−
|148
+
|11.8553
−
|Asphalt
+
|119.9378
 +
|Dirt
 +
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|17-1
+
|El Nido
−
|5041
+
|3280
−
|32  53 53.00 N
+
|75
−
|59  15 58.00 E
+
|1998
−
|6903
+
|50PQT6392239385
−
|82
+
|11.2019
−
|Asphalt
+
|119.4169
 +
|Con
 +
|No
 
|-
 
|-
−
|17-2
+
|Puerto Princesa
−
|5041
+
|8,530
−
|32  53 53.00 N
 
−
|59 15 58.00 E
 
−
|9424
 
 
|148
 
|148
−
|Asphalt
+
|71
−
|-
+
|50PPR5954444172
−
|18
+
|9.4431
−
|<nowiki>-7</nowiki>
+
|118.4532
−
|36  39 18.00 N
+
|Con
−
|52  20 57.00 E
+
|Yes
−
|3609
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|19
 
−
|3543
 
−
|37 29 34.81 N
 
−
|57 18 30.20 E
 
−
|10700
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|20-1
+
|San Vicente
−
|70
+
|5288
−
|28  56 41.32 N
 
−
|50  50 04.69 E
 
−
|14665
 
 
|148
 
|148
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|20-2
 
−
|70
 
−
|28 56 41.32 N
 
−
|50 50 04.69 E
 
−
|14668
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|21-1
 
 
|24
 
|24
−
|25  26 36.00 N
+
|50PQS4886064361
−
|60  22 55.60 E
+
|10.525
−
|9845
+
|119.274
−
|150
+
|Con
−
|Asphalt
+
|Yes
−
|-
 
−
|21-2
 
−
|24
 
−
|25 26 36.00 N
 
−
|60 22 55.60 E
 
−
|12421
 
−
|150
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|22-1
 
−
|3600
 
−
|28  43 17.80 N
 
−
|54  26 28.80 E
 
−
|3969
 
−
|100
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|22-2
 
−
|3600
 
−
|28 43 17.80 N
 
−
|54 26 28.80 E
 
−
|5260
 
−
|100
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|23-1
 
−
|500
 
−
|32  26 04.00 N
 
−
|48  23 51.50 E
 
−
|12653
 
−
|115
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|23-2
 
−
|500
 
−
|32 26 04.00 N
 
−
|48 23 51.50 E
 
−
|11722
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|24
 
−
|72
 
−
|31  55 18.51 N
 
−
|48  52 39.06 E
 
−
|3334
 
−
|160
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|25-1
 
−
|5226
 
−
|32 37 15.99 N
 
−
|51 41 49.26 E
 
−
|1467
 
−
|97
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|25-2
 
−
|5226
 
−
|32  37 15.99 N
 
−
|51  41 49.26 E
 
−
|10920
 
−
|140
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|26-1
 
−
|5256
 
−
|32 55 44.00 N
 
−
|51 33 40.00 E
 
−
|9830
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|26-2
 
−
|5256
 
−
|32  55 44.00 N
 
−
|51  33 40.00 E
 
−
|1091
 
−
|40
 
−
|Concrete
 
−
|-
 
−
|27-1
 
−
|5072
 
−
|32 45 02.60 N
 
−
|51 51 42.10 E
 
−
|14435
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|27-2
 
−
|5072
 
−
|32  45 02.60 N
 
−
|51  51 42.10 E
 
−
|14435
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|28
 
−
|4261
 
−
|28 53 34.00 N
 
−
|53 43 25.00 E
 
−
|6502
 
−
|100
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|29
 
−
|3258
 
−
|35 31 47.63 N
 
−
|51 30 29.91 E
 
−
|3106
 
−
|70
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|30
 
−
|2394
 
−
|30 20 15.24 N
 
−
|50 49 40.67 E
 
−
|6070
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|31
 
−
|2717
 
−
|35 10 27.10 N
 
−
|52 19 23.78 E
 
−
|2985
 
−
|105
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|32
 
−
|4187
 
−
|36 14 24.21 N
 
−
|50 02 49.62 E
 
−
|3675
 
−
|131
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|33
 
−
|3800
 
−
|35 57 07.55 N
 
−
|50 27 02.80 E
 
−
|4579
 
−
|75
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|34
 
−
|41
 
−
|26 45 04.00 N
 
−
|55 53 52.00 E
 
−
|13892
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|35
 
−
|150
 
−
|37 14 45.94 N
 
−
|55 05 45.20 E
 
−
|3276
 
−
|106
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|36-1
 
−
|0
 
−
|36 54 34.82 N
 
−
|54 24 04.58 E
 
−
|7715
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|36-2
 
−
|0
 
−
|36 54 34.82 N
 
−
|54 24 04.58 E
 
−
|7585
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|37
 
−
|5715
 
−
|34 52 09.00 N
 
−
|48 33 09.00 E
 
−
|10593
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|38-1
 
−
|5551
 
−
|35 12 41.87 N
 
−
|48 39 12.65 E
 
−
|13009
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|38-2
 
−
|5551
 
−
|35 12 41.87 N
 
−
|48 39 12.65 E
 
−
|14351
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|38-3
 
−
|5551
 
−
|35 12 41.87 N
 
−
|48 39 12.65 E
 
−
|14625
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|38-4
 
−
|5551
 
−
|35 12 41.87 N
 
−
|48 39 12.65 E
 
−
|14625
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|39
 
−
|4377
 
−
|33 35 11.78 N
 
−
|46 24 17.43 E
 
−
|9185
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|40
 
−
|3350
 
−
|28 35 11.48 N
 
−
|53 34 44.90 E
 
−
|7947
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|41
 
−
|2172
 
−
|27 49 13.52 N
 
−
|52 21 07.74 E
 
−
|7715
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|42
 
−
|19
 
−
|25 39 12.80 N
 
−
|57 47 57.30 E
 
−
|6200
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|43
 
−
|2643
 
−
|28 43 36.93 N
 
−
|57 40 12.97 E
 
−
|7237
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|44
 
−
|500
 
−
|37 22 59.85 N
 
−
|55 27 07.50 E
 
−
|7255
 
−
|92
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|45
 
−
|4170
 
−
|35 46 33.94 N
 
−
|50 49 36.07 E
 
−
|12005
 
−
|197
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|46
 
−
|3465
 
−
|33 53 43.20 N
 
−
|51 34 37.36 E
 
−
|8845
 
−
|135
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|47-1
 
−
|5736
 
−
|30 16 28.00 N
 
−
|56 56 04.00 E
 
−
|6645
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|47-2
 
−
|5736
 
−
|30 16 28.00 N
 
−
|56 56 04.00 E
 
−
|13456
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|48
 
−
|4284
 
−
|34 20 45.07 N
 
−
|47 09 29.25 E
 
−
|11214
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|49
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|27 22 46.00 N
 
−
|52 44 16.00 E
 
−
|13117
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|-
 
−
|50
 
−
|17
 
−
|29 15 37.00 N
 
−
|50 19 26.00 E
 
−
|5922
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|51
 
−
|10
 
−
|29 15 34.68 N
 
−
|50 20 07.70 E
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|-
 
−
|52
 
−
|3790
 
−
|33 26 07.19 N
 
−
|48 16 58.77 E
 
−
|10499
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|53
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|38 25 20.00 N
 
−
|44 58 36.00 E
 
−
|9190
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|UNK
 
−
|-
 
−
|54-1
 
−
|100
 
−
|26 31 36.10 N
 
−
|53 58 54.49 E
 
−
|12028
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|54-2
 
−
|100
 
−
|26 31 36.10 N
 
−
|53 58 54.49 E
 
−
|11405
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|55
 
−
|1345
 
−
|27 22 21.88 N
 
−
|53 11 19.66 E
 
−
|10225
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|56-1
 
−
|2600
 
−
|27 40 23.00 N
 
−
|54 23 14.00 E
 
−
|7874
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|56-2
 
−
|2600
 
−
|27 40 23.00 N
 
−
|54 23 14.00 E
 
−
|10334
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|57
 
−
|73
 
−
|26 48 37.00 N
 
−
|53 21 22.00 E
 
−
|6800
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|58
 
−
|8
 
−
|30 33 22.29 N
 
−
|49 09 06.77 E
 
−
|8874
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|Taytay
 +
|3610
 
|59
 
|59
−
|4396
+
|80
−
|37 20 55.28 N
+
|50PQS7417697048
−
|46 07 34.59 E
+
|10.8186
−
|9842
+
|119.5075
−
|98
+
|Con
−
|Asphalt
+
|No
−
|-
 
−
|60-1
 
−
|3270
 
−
|36 14 06.70 N
 
−
|59 38 27.50 E
 
−
|12750
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|60-2
 
−
|3270
 
−
|36 14 06.70 N
 
−
|59 38 27.50 E
 
−
|12389
 
−
|148
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|61-1
 
−
|1187
 
−
|32 00 08.29 N
 
−
|49 16 14.40 E
 
−
|4690
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|61-2
 
−
|1187
 
−
|32 00 08.29 N
 
−
|49 16 14.40 E
 
−
|5876
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|62
 
−
|<nowiki>-6</nowiki>
 
−
|36 51 24.73 N
 
−
|54 12 08.09 E
 
−
|3270
 
−
|98
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|63-1
 
−
|3550
 
−
|33 05 20.30 N
 
−
|53 25 02.40 E
 
−
|4284
 
−
|64
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|63-1
 
−
|3550
 
−
|33 05 20.30 N
 
−
|53 25 02.40 E
 
−
|4396
 
−
|118
 
−
|GRE
 
−
|-
 
−
|64
 
−
|<nowiki>-6</nowiki>
 
−
|36 39 48.00 N
 
−
|51 27 53.00 E
 
−
|6677
 
−
|115
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|65-1
 
−
|85
 
−
|30 50 06.60 N
 
−
|49 32 05.70 E
 
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|13500
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|65-2
 
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|85
 
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|30 50 06.60 N
 
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|49 32 05.70 E
 
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|11500
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|66
 
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|251
 
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|39 36 12.98 N
 
−
|47 52 53.40 E
 
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|8515
 
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|115
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
−
|67
 
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|5298
 
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|30 17 51.77 N
 
−
|56 03 04.10 E
 
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|9814
 
−
|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|68
 
−
|<nowiki>-7</nowiki>
 
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|36 54 35.67 N
 
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|50 40 46.52 E
 
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|4921
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|69
 
−
|<nowiki>-4</nowiki>
 
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|37 19 31.55 N
 
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|49 36 20.55 E
 
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|9542
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|70
 
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|2980
 
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|36 10 06.28 N
 
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|57 35 42.26 E
 
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|10413
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|71
 
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|4522
 
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|35 14 48.97 N
 
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|47 00 32.44 E
 
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|8190
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|72
 
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|945
 
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|36 30 04.24 N
 
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|61 03 53.65 E
 
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|12720
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|73
 
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|UNK
 
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|27 24 30.00 N
 
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|62 19 14.00 E
 
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|7103
 
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|UNK
 
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|UNK
 
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|-
 
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|74
 
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|35
 
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|36 38 09.00 N
 
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|53 11 37.00 E
 
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|8688
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|75
 
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|4925
 
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|29 14 06.82 N
 
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|53 07 38.17 E
 
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|UNK
 
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|UNK
 
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|UNK
 
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|-
 
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|76
 
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|3659
 
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|35 23 21.80 N
 
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|53 40 17.10 E
 
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|11738
 
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|142
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|77
 
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|3665
 
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|35 35 27.94 N
 
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|53 29 42.31 E
 
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|9095
 
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|152
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|78
 
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|6725
 
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|32 17 50.00 N
 
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|50 50 32.00 E
 
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|10819
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|79
 
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|4219
 
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|36 25 31.00 N
 
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|55 06 15.00 E
 
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|9535
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|80-1
 
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|4920
 
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|29 32 21.60 N
 
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|52 35 22.11 E
 
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|13973
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|80-2
 
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|4920
 
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|29 32 21.60 N
 
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|52 35 22.11 E
 
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|14244
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|81
 
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|5831
 
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|29 33 03.36 N
 
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|55 40 21.75 E
 
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|12356
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|82
 
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|42
 
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|25 54 34.27 N
 
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|54 32 21.71 E
 
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|8211
 
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|141
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|83
 
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|2312
 
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|33 40 03.90 N
 
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|56 53 33.63 E
 
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|9977
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|84-1
 
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|38 08 02.00 N
 
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|46 14 06.00 E
 
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|11537
 
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|98
 
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|-
 
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|84-2
 
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|38 08 02.00 N
 
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|46 14 06.00 E
 
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|11825
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|85
 
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|4021
 
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|35 42 10.70 N
 
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|51 28 30.50 E
 
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|7650
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|86
 
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|3750
 
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|35 38 41.30 N
 
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|51 22 50.50 E
 
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|6000
 
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|120
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|87-1
 
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|35 25 05.89 N
 
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|51 08 37.80 E
 
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|13769
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|87-2
 
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|35 25 05.89 N
 
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|51 08 37.80 E
 
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|13769
 
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|148
 
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|PEM
 
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|-
 
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|88-1
 
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|3962
 
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|35 41 21.00 N
 
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|51 18 48.30 E
 
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|15540
 
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|130
 
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|Concrete
 
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|-
 
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|88-2
 
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|3962
 
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|35 41 21.00 N
 
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|51 18 48.30 E
 
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|13248
 
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|197
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|88-3
 
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|3962
 
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|35 41 21.00 N
 
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|51 18 48.30 E
 
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|13098
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|89
 
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|4344
 
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|37 40 05.40 N
 
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|45 04 07.20 E
 
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|10765
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|90
 
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|5988
 
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|30 42 01.62 N
 
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|51 32 42.89 E
 
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|8495
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|91
 
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|4055
 
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|31 54 22.00 N
 
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|54 16 35.00 E
 
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|13302
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|92
 
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|1628
 
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|31 05 54.00 N
 
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|61 32 38.00 E
 
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|9848
 
−
|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|93-1
 
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|4520
 
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|29 28 34.30 N
 
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|60 54 21.80 E
 
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|13943
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|93-2
 
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|4520
 
−
|29 28 34.30 N
 
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|60 54 21.80 E
 
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|13993
 
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|98
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|94
 
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|5334
 
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|36 46 25.62 N
 
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|48 21 32.81 E
 
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|9699
 
−
|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|95
 
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|5650
 
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|32 19 38.53 N
 
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|51 22 38.10 E
 
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|7000
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|96
 
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|4000
 
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|35 56 37.10 N
 
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|50 04 55.40 E
 
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|3330
 
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|100
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|97
 
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|3100
 
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|34 59 02.16 N
 
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|50 48 23.28 E
 
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|11131
 
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|148
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|98
 
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|2773
 
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|34 10 09.90 N
 
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|51 19 03.90 E
 
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|3605
 
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|135
 
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|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|99
 
−
|6970
 
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|29 59 59.97 N
 
−
|53 42 41.29 E
 
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|4470
 
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|125
 
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|GRE
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|100
+
| colspan="9" |''' '''
−
|4040
 
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|35 46 34.63 N
 
−
|50 52 51.65 E
 
−
|3630
 
−
|65
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|-
 
−
|101
 
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|110
 
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|26 56 57.43 N
 
−
|56 16 09.41 E
 
−
|4538
 
−
|82
 
−
|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
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|102
 
−
|10
 
−
|30 39 51.24 N
 
−
|48 38 42.46 E
 
−
|3284
 
−
|130
 
−
|Asphalt
 
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|-
 
−
|103-1
 
−
|5310
 
−
|32 34 01.34 N
 
−
|51 41 29.74 E
 
−
|3215
 
−
|75
 
−
|PEM
 
−
|-
 
−
|103-2
 
−
|5310
 
−
|32 34 01.34 N
 
−
|51 41 29.74 E
 
−
|6346
 
−
|165
 
−
|GRE
 
−
|-
 
−
|104
 
−
|2460
 
−
|37 37 40.30 N
 
−
|56 10 23.10 E
 
−
|9560
 
−
|96
 
−
|Asphalt
 
−
|}
 
  
−
==== Airports/Airlines ====
+
'''Legend:''' Elv = Elevation    MGRS = Military Grid  Location System Lat = Latitude   Long = Longitude 
−
Ariana’s major airports include:
 
−
* Tehran Imam Khodadad International, a new facility 30 miles southwest of Tehran. An Arianian military subsidiary manages Imam Khodadad Airport, which serves as the primary international gateway.
 
−
* Tehran Mehrabad International operates within the greater Tehran metropolis on the west side of town. It traditionally served as Tehran’s international hub but has been replaced by the recently opened Imam Khodadad Airport. Mehrabad remains an important base for Arianian air force operations.
 
−
* The Shiraz International Airport serves Shiraz, a southern Arianian economic center.
 
−
* The Mashhad International Airport services the Shia holy city of Mashhad in extreme northeast Ariana, a religious destination for the global Shia population. Mashhad also is Ariana’s second largest city and lies close to the Turkmenistan and Afghanistan borders.
 
−
The four main Arianian airlines are AirAriana (the national flag carrier), Ariana Travelair, Magas Airline, and Hava Airline. All four operate an eclectic fleet of American, European, and Donovian aircraft and service a variety of European, Middle Eastern, and Asian destinations, along with providing domestic Arianian service. Airlines often operate aircraft procured prior to the Council of Guardians Revolution or secondhand Donovian and/or European passenger aircraft. Aircraft serviceability and safety remain problematic due to Western sanctions as the Arianian government and airlines attempt to keep these archaic planes in the air. In wartime, Ariana would likely use its domestic airline fleets as an auxiliary air force.
 
  
−
=== Ports/Sea/River Transportation Systems ===
+
               Con = Concret     Lts = Lights   
−
The five Caucasus countries share a diverse maritime culture. Ariana has a significant coastline and a large oceangoing fleet to export its oil. Atropia maintains ports on the Caspian Sea. Gorgas has three ports on the Black Sea that are accessible through the Bosporus Strait. Limaria is completely landlocked, with no direct access to any ocean or sea. Due to its location, Donovia has several seaports on the Black and Caspian Seas.
+
|}
  
−
Ariana owns the largest tanker fleet within the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) cartel, a large merchant shipping fleet, and maintains ports on the Persian Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz. The country also maintains a number of offshore oil and gas platforms that are linked to onshore facilities through a highly complex series of pipelines. In addition to the offshore platforms, facilities at the Kharg, Lavan, and Sirri Islands maintain jetties and other facilities to swap petroleum from ocean-going tankers that are too large for standard ports to land-based pipelines. The safety of oil shipment infrastructure remains paramount as any disruption in the flow of oil to the Western world will affect America’s allies.
+
== Maritime ==
 +
[[File:Gabal Ports 20210210-1.png|center|thumb|1900x1900px|Major ports in Gabal]]
  
−
Ariana sustains a number of capable seaports along the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean, including:
+
=== Seaports ===
−
* Abaadan on the Arvand River, adjacent to Iraq
+
Gabal has two seaports, the Port of Coron and the Port of Puerto Princesa.  The Port of Coron is located along the Coron Bay. There is no reported data for the annual cargo throughput and due to the depth of water and size of the port, the Port of Coron cannot accommodate Military Sea Lift (MSC) Commands Large, Medium-Speed Roll-on/Roll-off (LMSR).
−
* Bandar-e Abbas on the Strait of Hormuz; serves as a primary Arianian Naval base
 
−
* Bandar-e Khodadad east of Abaadan, on the northern Arianian coast of the Persian Gulf
 
−
* Bandar-e Shahid Rajai in close proximity to Bandar-e Abbas
 
−
* Chabahar on the Indian Ocean; Ariana’s primary Indian Ocean port—chiefly a fisheries port and cargo trans-shipment point
 
−
* Kharg Island in the Persian Gulf, roughly half-way between Abaadan and Bandar-e Abbas; operates as a highly important site for the Arianian oil sector
 
−
The country also boasts four ports on the Caspian Sea, located at Anzali, Noshahr, Bandar-e Torkaman, and Neka. Due to the large number of ports available to Ariana, any military blockade would require significant naval assets. Interrupting the oil flowing through Ariana’s tanker fleet could cause significant problems to the Western world. (''See map of railroads and ports on page 2A-6-4.'')
 
−
[[File:Ariana’s Major Pipelines and Hydrocarbon Fields (not all shown).png|thumb|Ariana’s Major Pipelines and Hydrocarbon Fields (not all shown)]]
 
  
−
=== Pipelines ===
+
The Port of Coron consists of one port facility and is a shallow water port. It is run by the government of Gabal and has a pier that extends 123m, is 12m wide, and with a depth of 10m alongside. The port is open year round and handles some ships. Larger vessels anchor in the bay of Coron, which has a depth of 18-22m, and use small crafts and barges to move goods and people to shore. The port was originally designed for use by the logging and mining companies but has since been upgraded to support the tourist industry. There is a possibility of dredging the port and bay to make it capable to support ships with a larger draft if an entity would invest in it.
−
The security of hydrocarbon pipelines will be paramount in any military operations in the region. Any disruption to the flow of crude oil and natural gas to the Western world could cause economic problems, as many modern countries rely on hydrocarbons to fuel their industries.
 
  
−
Ariana maintains an extensive pipeline system that connects with other nations but also serves as an essential internal link to refining and export operations. Five major pipelines represent the backbone of the oil/gas movement system, with connectivity points to the international   distribution
+
.The Port at Puerto Princesa is located near Latitude 09° 44"N, Longitude 118° 43"E, near the Princesa Strait. Land access to the Port at Puerto Princesa is restricted by steep terrain, with only a pair of paved roads entering the port. Notably there is a coral reef roughly half a kilometer from the port. The seabed of the port is muddy and free of major rocks and obstructions. The pier is 480m long and the depth along the pier is 10m.
  
−
network. Ariana maintains crude oil swap points with Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan to export its oil internationally and receives Kazakh or Turkmen oil for internal use. A 122-mile-long pipeline that will carry natural gas from Tabriz, Ariana, to Ordubad, Limaria, is currently under construction. Local pipelines move oil and gas from field production centers to refineries or transshipment points. The security of Ariana’s pipelines remains an important issue, as any disruption may affect America’s allies.
+
=== Navigable Rivers ===
 +
There are no navigable rivers in Gabal for anything other than a canoe, kayak, or something of similar size.
  
−
=== Telecommunications Architecture ===
+
=== Pipelines ===
−
For the most part, Caucasus-region residents use cellular telephones to communicate with each other due to the lack of landline telephone infrastructure. Many residents never owned any type of telephone until they received their first cellular phone. Most can access news from either television or radio, but some rural residents have no information access via modern methods. (''See Information variable for additional details.'')
+
Gabal does not possess any pipelines and does not plan to install any.  
  
−
The majority of Arianian citizens can access a telephone, use the Internet, or listen to a television or radio broadcast. Ariana contains nearly as many operational telephones as people. For its population of 77.9 million, Ariana has 25 million landlines and 43 million cellular telephones. The Arianian government wants to extend service to all villages not presently connected to the telephone system. Arianian Internet use continues to climb as over 46,000 Internet hosts operate in Ariana and over 23 million Arianians can assess the Internet. The Broadcasting Corporation of Ariana (BCA) operates five nationwide networks, including a news channel, over 30 provincial channels, and several international channels. While satellite dishes remain technically illegal, Arianians are able  to obtain and operate them, and receive broadcasts from about 20 Persian-language stations in foreign countries. The BCA also operates eight nationwide and numerous provincial radio networks. Arianian residents can also listen to many foreign radio stations. The military will find television  and radio are excellent methods for communicating with the majority of Arianian citizens.
+
== Pipelines ==
 +
There are no major pipeline systems of any type in Gabal. There are no plans to install any in the near future.
  
−
=== Agriculture ===
+
=== Petroleum ===
−
Agriculture production still dominates the labor forces of Gorgas (55.6%) and Limaria (46.2%), but not Ariana (25%), Atropia (38.3%), or Donovia (20%). Even in the Caucasus region’s predominately agricultural countries, farming creates less than one-fourth of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Except for Atropia, the region relies on food imports to feed its people. Any food import disruption may increase the military’s burden to feed civilians and prevent starvation.
+
There are no petroleum pipe lines, raw petroleum or refined products, in Gabal.
  
−
While 25% of workers are employed in agriculture-related jobs, agriculture generates only 11% of Ariana’s GDP. While 9.9% of Arianian land is farmable, less than one-quarter of that amount is cultivated due to issues with salinity, irrigation, and other related infrastructure. Ariana irrigates one-third of its productive farm land. Cereal crops (wheat, barley, and rice) cover almost 70% of the cultivated land, with wheat alone as 52% of the cereal crops. Other important crops include pistachios, grapes, dates, citrus fruits, and apples. Because of availability issues, the military probably cannot rely on locally-produced foodstuffs to supplement the ration system.
+
=== Natural Gas ===
 +
There are no natural gas pipelines in Gabal.
  
−
=== Industry ===
+
=== Water ===
−
Because of their hydrocarbon resources, Ariana, Atropia, and Donovia are more industrialized than Gorgas and Limaria. Industry GDP ranges from a low of 27.1% in Gorgas to a high of 61.4% in Atropia. Ariana’s industry accounts for 45.9% of its GDP. The protection of the hydrocarbon infrastructure remains paramount for any military operations in the area, and the military should refrain from unnecessary damage to the industrial sector to facilitate economic recovery after the end of hostilities. Ariana produces a large amount of toxic industrial chemicals for multiple purposes, including hydrocarbon production activities, water purification, wastewater management, and fertilizer to increase agricultural output.
+
Other than the water distribution systems in the larger villages, there are no major water pipelines in Gabal.
−
 
 
−
==== Oil/Gas ====
 
−
Despite its position as a global force in the world’s oil and gas economy, uneven investment and a lack of modern infrastructure hinder the Arianian oil and gas industry. While Ariana has some of  the largest known oil and gas reserves in the world, it lacks the ability to adequately refine the petroleum it produces. The Ariana State Oil Company (ASOC) is the world’s second largest oil company, after Saudi Aramco, and maintains access to some of the world’s largest proven reserves. The vast majority of Arianian oil and gas fields lie in Ariana’s southwest coastal area. The ASOC operates a massive organization that controls most, if not all, of Ariana’s important oil and gas production and logistical support elements. The ASOC generates most of Ariana’s revenue. Ariana currently only produces four million bbl/day compared to six million bbl/d before the Revolution. The reduction is due to combined effects of damage from the Ariana-Iraq War, a lack of infrastructure investment, and Western sanctions. Because of a refinery capacity shortage and high levels of domestic use (like gasoline), Ariana functions as a net petroleum importer. Some consider Ariana’s lack of refining capability as a significant Achilles heel for its economy. The Arianian government recently earmarked $15 billion for refinery modernization and development, but even this massive investment may not eliminate the Arianian refinery shortfall.
 
−
 
 
−
Ariana’s major refineries include:
 
−
* Abaadan (400,000 bbl/d capacity)
 
−
* Isfahan (265,000 bbl/d)
 
−
* Bandar-e Abbas (232,000 bbl/d)
 
−
* Tehran (225,000 bbl/d)
 
−
* Arak (150,000 bbl/d)
 
−
* Tabriz (112,000 bbl/d)
 
−
Minor refineries include:
 
−
* Kermancha
 
−
* Shiraz
 
−
* Lavan Island
 
−
Ariana plans additional refineries, modernization, or expansion at the following locations:
 
−
* Bandar-e Abbas
 
−
* Abaadan
 
−
Arianian oil and gas exploitation capability will drive the country’s economy for the indefinite future. Authorities will need to continue balancing oil and gas reinvestment requirements with the need for oil and gas to provide financial security for the rest of the country’s economy.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Defense Industries ====
 
−
In the last decade, Ariana took significant steps to create a domestic arms and military equipment manufacturing capability. The government took great pains to demonstrate its ability to indigenously produce aircraft and other high-profile items, and more importantly, Ariana reverse-engineered and produced Arianian versions of capable weapons such as the AH-1J Cobra helicopter gunship (referred to as the Panha 2091 by the Arianians) and the TOW antitank missile. The Arianians also attempted to provide depot and higher level maintenance for their aircraft through a variety of aviation companies, many owned by the Arianian government or senior Arianian military leaders.
 
−
 
 
−
Ariana’s four important defense industry organizations are:
 
−
* '''''Ariana Combat Systems Company''''': manufactures a wide range of ground and naval  combat systems, from small arms to light naval combat systems
 
−
* '''''Ariana Electronics Company''''': produces radar, telecommunications, optics, electronic warfare, and related systems; organizationally subordinate to the Ariana Combat Systems Company
 
−
* '''''Defense Aviation Corporation''''': provides aircraft maintenance,  component  replacement, and overhaul
 
−
* '''''Aerospace Industries of Ariana''''': concerned with ballistic missile and rocket design, manufacturing, testing, and production
 
−
The Arianian defense industry has attempted to build an indigenous industry capable of simultaneously producing advanced equipment for its own forces and exporting weapons abroad. While UN sanctions limit Ariana’s ability to export weapons, the country’s engineers successfully developed sophisticated systems, such as battlefield radars and missile technology, for foreign sale and domestic use. The Arianian Shahab-3, developed with Donovian, North Korean, and Chinese assistance, offers Arianian leaders a capable intermediate-range missile. Arianian engineers reportedly are planning to reverse-engineer Donovian rocket motor designs to develop a new intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) with a range of 3,107 miles that could target most of  Europe with a nuclear warhead.
 
  
−
==== Nuclear ====
+
== Telecommunications Architecture ==
−
The Arianian nuclear program began in the 1950s as a research- and medical isotope-oriented program under the Pasha. With US support, the Pasha intended to eventually mature the activities into a large nuclear power program. In the aftermath of the Council of Guardians Revolution, however, the nuclear program went dormant in the 1980s, with little activity in the midst of the eight-year Ariana-Iraq War. In the early 1990s—with foreign technical assistance from Argentina, China, Donovia, and Germany—the nascent Arianian nuclear program blossomed from an almost abandoned and forgotten imperial legacy to a primary element of Ariana’s internal and external political and military arenas. Open source reporting suggests that a shadow organization, the Arianian Energy Commission (AEC), functions as the center of the Arianian nuclear program. Qabil Bagheri, an Arianian military officer and university lecturer, leads the AEC. AEC is the latest  name for the Arianian clandestine nuclear weapons development program that Arianians refer to as the “Energy Research Center” or the “Special Contingencies Organization.”
+
In Gabal, most citizens can access a telephone and listen to a radio or television, but only approximately 50% of the population has access to the internet. The tourism industry and government operate approximately one thousand landlines and only 19% of the residents have cell phones.  In rural areas, a tribal leader may have the sole cell phone for the village, which is then used as a community phone. The country has one radio station that is government owned. There are no local television channels and residents are required to use satellite dishes to watch television.
  
−
In 2002, more troubling aspects of the Arianian nuclear program came to light with the public exposure of the Arianian nuclear facilities at Natanz (a uranium enrichment facility) and Arak (a heavy water reactor), whose very existence indicated a significant nuclear weapons program. Recently, Ariana became the tenth country in the world to develop a nuclear weapon. Though less powerful in terms of kilowatts compared with other nuclear powers, Ariana now possesses a small number of tactical nuclear weapons.
+
== Industry ==
 +
Gabal has limited capacity and has focused mainly on the mining of chromite reserves. The methods used were antiquated by modern standards and highly labor intensive. The government has tried to diversify by selling the rights to fish its territorial waters to other nations. This has yielded limited profitability and Gabal has not invested in any infrastructure to process and package the fish that would be required for any large scale commercial industry. Foreign investors are attempting to capitalize on the natural beauty of islands and have been focusing on tourism. The infrastructure will need continual modernization to meet the expectations and volume of tourists expected.
  
−
To make the nuclear situation in Ariana even more challenging, it has been reported that Ariana has moved a significant portion of its nuclear enrichment programs and nuclear development programs below ground into underground facilities (UGFs). It is likely that the most important UGFs associated with these activities are located at Qom, Isfahan, and Natanz.
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=== Food and Agriculture ===
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The nation of Gabal has limited agricultural capacity. Agriculture in Gabal typically uses terraced fields that are fed by rainwater for irrigation. The methods of farming used in the past have caused the majority of the land to be contaminated, either from run off from the chromite mines or improper application of chemicals. Sustainable farming and crop rotation has only been introduced in the past thirty years. The island nation is unable to have any large-scale commercial farms due to limited arable land. The government has begun to replant the deforested areas, as they plan in upcoming years to begin using sustainable logging.
  
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==== Space ====
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The farming methods in Gabal’s past relied on the use of toxic pesticides that are outlawed in Western countries. Military units need to be cognizant of the run off from the fields and contamination to the soil from these pesticides are often carcinogens.
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The Arianian government has launched an ambitious national space program to significantly increase Arianian prestige and technical capability. The Arianian national space program will provide  an internationally acceptable means  for Ariana to validate much of its long-range missile technology if it produces space launch vehicles (SLVs). Dual-use technology such as satellite-based communications, earth observation/remote sensing, and scientific experiments can also  produce direct military spinoffs and applications.
 
  
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The Arianian Space Agency, the government organization with primary responsibility for space operations, maintains a variety of current operational and developmental launchers and payloads. The Safir-2 SLV is the Arianians’ current primary operational launcher, with the potential ability (with Safir-2 follow-ons) to put 300+ kilogram satellites into low-earth orbit. The Arianians have placed a variety of payloads in orbit, including first-generation communications, photographic, and scientific missions. Many of these assets were launched using a space launch facility located just south of the town in northeastern Ariana called Sharood. This facility is relatively new and under construction. Unique characteristics of the Sharood launch facility include a launch tower that is 23 meters high, a launch pad that measures 140 meters by 200 meters, and a single rocket exhaust shaft measuring 125 meters. Given Ariana’s interest and investment in this arena, it will likely attempt to continue upgrading rocket and satellite capabilities and complexities.
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=== Oil/Gas ===
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Gabal has no oil or natural gas reserves, nor any petrochemical infrastructure. The country must import all of its oil and gas to meet the demand in the country from regional actors. There have been no plans for exploration of oil. Military operations in the area must ensure that oil is imported to support the economy and citizens of the country during and post hostilities.
  
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==== Pollution ====
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=== Defense Industries ===
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All five Caucasus-region countries face significant pollution problems stemming from poor industrial practices. The governments cared more about natural resource extraction and product production than the stewardship of the planet. This lack of concern for the environment occurred regardless of which government was in power. While the Western world greatly influenced Arianian oil and natural gas production techniques, the lack of spare parts since the Revolution created excess pollution. The region’s military operations will need to address pollution, with soldiers taking precautions due to high levels of air pollution and units considering any local water source not potable until tested.
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Gabal does not have a defense industry and must import all items for military use.
  
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Ariana faces significant concerns regarding pollution from byproducts of industrialization, urbanization, and oil production. Due to vehicle air pollution, Tehran ranks as one of the most polluted cities in the world.
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=== Nuclear Facilities ===
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Gabal does not possess the infrastructure nor the resources to have nuclear capabilities.
  
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== Summary ==
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=== Space ===
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Ariana’s oil and gas infrastructure does not operate at optimal efficiency due to a broad mix of equipment and technology from several foreign countries and a lack of spare parts for some of its Western equipment. The Arianian hydrocarbon industry continues to rely on technology that is over 40 years old and susceptible to mechanical breakdown. While Ariana continues to build new infrastructure mainly in the form of pipelines to transport oil and natural gas around its country, the government spends its money on these new projects while failing to maintain the hydrocarbon infrastructure already in place.  
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Gabal does not have an active space program. They rely on leased satellites from South Torbia for communications and navigational needs.
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[[Category:DATE|060]]
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[[Category:DATE]]
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[[Category:Caucasus]]
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[[Category:Pacific]]
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[[Category:Ariana]]
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[[Category:Gabal]]
 
[[Category:Infrastructure]]
 
[[Category:Infrastructure]]

Latest revision as of 17:33, 1 September 2022

DATE Pacific > Gabal > Infrastructure: Gabal ←You are here

Infrastructure Overview

The country of Gabal contains a mixture of emerging urban areas and primitive rural villages. Modern utilities are found predominantly in the cities and towns and at reasonable levels throughout the rural countryside. Forty-five percent of the nation has access to electricity with 77.5% of urban areas and 36% of rural areas respectively. Over ninety percent of Gabal has access to potable water, while 100% of the nation has access to a sanitation system, with 60.2% having access to modern sewage systems.

The infrastructure of Gabal is stressed and outdated. Emphasis has been placed on the modernizing of the infrastructure in recent years but it continues to be stressed due to lack of resources. Gabal has a dated mass transit system. Bus companies provide transportation in cities and to rural areas. The country still uses converted WWII vehicles as taxis and mopeds as a means for transportation that release significant pollutants into the environment. Two airports (one with a paved runway) are able to handle smaller commercial aircraft for the entire nation. The one major seaport is dated and can only handle shallow draft ships. The country suffers from high levels of pollution in the rural areas and the government has made policies to combat pollution in rural environments and water supplies.

Many of the urban areas contain single story to three story buildings. The cities tend to be extremely densely populated for an area of that size due to the mountainous regions found throughout the island nation. Typical rural construction is low quality wooden houses with corrugated roofs. The government has only recently (within the past 10 years) started using urban planning although there is still not a national standard required for layout of urban areas or minimum access to basic services. The city planners do have the knowledge for strategic and sustainable city planning. The materials consist of concrete, steel, and rebar construction methods. In rural areas prone to flooding, houses are built on pilings to prevent flooding. Military operations in urban areas will be strained due to limited amount of roads and the antiquated infrastructure. Resources will be needed to augment the infrastructure in the way of power, facilities, sewage, and rations. The military will find additional resources in the form of large unskilled labor pools.

Major Cities and Urban Zones

Gabal has three cities that account for 22% of the population of the nation. The national average population density is 53.7 km2.

Infrastructure Matrix

The following chart provides the basic information for the four largest cities in Gabal. Overall, most of these cities are modern in some areas but also contain areas that are not.

Infrastructure Sub-Variables
City Pop Pop Dens/km2 UBD Roads Air Rail Sea Power Water Sewage/

Sanitation

Puerto Princesa 255,116 110 M M M NE M Dg Dg Dg 
Coron 51,803 75 M M M NE M Dg Dg Dg 
Busuanga 22,046 56 L P M NE NE NE NE NE 
Culion 20,139 40 L P P NE NE NE NE NE 
 

Legend: Population (Pop); Density (Dens); kilometer (km)

Per TC-7-101: UBD = Urban Building Density; low (L); medium (M); high (H); primitive (P); moderate (M); complex (C); non-existent (NE); degraded (Dg); developed (Dv) 

Puerto Princesa

As the former capital of Gabal during the colonial era, Puerto Princesa was the economic hub for the country.  Development within the city continued through the end of the colonial era, however with the transition of the government to Coron the city has entered a period of fluctuation and degradation. With the economic benefits related to colonialism gone, and now the influx of money related to governance gone, the city has lost much of its former importance.  That said, it is still the largest city in the country, and continues to be the most important part of Gabal’s struggling economy thanks to its ability to attract tourism. The buildings in the main urban areas consist of multi-story buildings.

Coron

As Gabal’s capital city, Coron serves as the only significant port for the nation and sits on Coron Bay. The areas north of the Pasig River tend to be the centers of trade and commerce.  The city center serves as the core for the government. The buildings in the main urban areas consist of multi-story buildings, single family and duplex dwellings, and resort type accommodations for tourists. The city is very condensed as the Bay of Coron is to the west and south and mountains surround the other sides.

Busuanga

Located 45 km. northwest of Coron, Busuanga is the second largest city in Gabal. Tourism plays a significant role in the economy of the city. Construction in the city is mainly one-story resort hotels and single-family dwellings of concrete and rebar construction. As you move out of the center, it becomes more rural and again becomes more subsistence living and impoverished.

Culion

Culion lies approximately 22 km. southwest of Coron and is the third largest city in Gabal. The basis for Culion's economy is mainly tourism and associated service industries. It also has several of the best tourist beaches, which bring revenue to the local area. The construction in the city center is mainly one or two story resort hotels, hostels, and single-family dwellings of concrete and rebar construction. As you move out of the center, it becomes more rural and again becomes more subsistence living and impoverished.

Energy Sector

Forty-five percent of Gabal's population has access to public electricity, 77.5% in urban areas and 36.0% in rural areas. Gabal produces 100% of its electricity from fossil fuels from two plants operating on a "mini-grid." Due to the poor economic conditions of the country, there are not many investors interested in increasing the energy supply in the country. The current two plants are over 40 years old and repair parts are difficult to obtain.

Nuclear Power

Gabal have no nuclear power plants.

Renewable Power

Some families may possessing solar panels they place on their roof, but these usually only provide minimal amounts of electricity. In recent years there have been significant pushes for the development of a renewable power grid, however the cost of such a grid means that it is unlikely to be developed without significant foreign support.

Hydrocarbon Power

The Gabal government operates five diesel power plants that use outdated technology Scheduled daily blackouts are common, and most businesses use backup generators.

Hydroelectric Power

There are no hydroelectric power plants in Gabal. Any plants built in the future would produce less than 100 kW of electricity daily making them micro hydro plants. Some of the rural communities could use a pico hydro system that would produce less than 5 kW per day, barely enough for a small community. The cost of the system would be cost prohibitive for most Gabalian families and would need financial assistance.

Power Plant Data Matrix

Gabal Power Plants
Name or Location Fuel Type Capacity (MW) Latitude Longitude MGRS
Delta Princesa Power Plant Diesel 23 9.85054 118.73599 50PPR9037089381
Roxas Power Plant Diesel 3.6 10.31854 119.32441 50PQS5455841557
Busuanga Power Plant Diesel 8 12.0295 120.1609 51PSP9085531412
Culion Power Plant Diesel .75 11.8817 120.0149 51PSP7476815217
Legend: megawatt (MW)     MGRS: Military Grid Reference System

Home Heating

Houses in Gabal are often quite small, especially those in the rural communities. Due to the climate, heating is not needed for most months. In the cities, most houses use heat produced by electricity. In rural areas, houses are normally heated by burning wood.  

Water and Sanitation

Water

Nearly all of the residents of Gabal (93.3%) have access to potable water. Apart from the importation of bottled water, desalination and rainwater tanks are the two main water sources supplying households in Gabal. The main desalination plant, as well as the rain and water tanks, provide for 35% and 59% of households, respectively. A large proportion (64%) of those in the top 20% income bracket rely on rain and own water tanks, compared to other sources of water (only 24%). On the other hand, 83% of households in the bottom third for income rely on a 40-year old desalinization plant as their main water source supply. Lower income/expenditure households rarely use their own water tanks due to the high cost. However, the desalinization plant, constructed during the heyday of chromite mining, is now operating well under peak capacity (<70%) due to maintenance issues, an inability to secure repair parts, and increased contamination in the water supply that the plant has trouble filtering. Water from this source carries increasing levels of potentially toxic materials. As the landscape becomes more rural the methods for obtaining water move to unprotected wells and streams. The water distribution pipes are old and in some parts of the cities are starting to fail. The public works department is constantly repairing them, which also damages the roadways.

Sanitation

All residents have access to some type of sanitation services. 60.2% of the population has access to modern plumbing (septic or sewer systems) while 39.8% have access to unimproved methods of sanitation. The main form is pit latrines. Less than 10% of the wastewater is treated which, combined with pollutants from mining and lumber operations, has led to contamination of almost all of the groundwater. Due to limited wastewater treatment facilities, most domestic wastewater is discharged without treatment. 

While an outdated marginally capable sewage systems exist in urban areas, sewage systems in rural areas are further antiquated or non-existent. Only 49.1% of rural residents in Gabal have access to a modern sewage system, which are predominantly in the form of septic systems. The remaining 50.9% of the rural population use pit latrines.

Transportation Architecture

Roads are the primary transportation method throughout Gabal. The roads, especially rural roads, are in poor condition at best, due to lack of maintenance. The mining companies and logging industry funded the development of the road networks over 40 years ago to move products to the ports. Since the decline of those industries, little has been done to maintain or improve them. Movement between islands often requires hiring a local with a boat to ferry passengers or goods.

Road System

Overall, roads in Gabal fail to meet US or Western European standards.  Driving is extremely hazardous and becomes even more hazardous at night due to lack of driver skills and poor roads. In general, drivers fail to obey traffic laws and drive erratically. The conditions of the roads range from maintained paved roads to dirt tracks that are used by pedestrians and livestock. 

Paved Roads

Gabal does not have a national road network. The nation has a total of 1500 km of roads and 650 km are paved. The paved roads are in various states of disrepair. The road network was originally developed and financed by the mining and logging companies to facilitate the movement of equipment and goods. Since the decline in logging and chromite mining, the nation has not done routine maintenance and upkeep on the roads.

Unpaved Roads

Gabal has over 850 km of unpaved dirt roads. These roads can be especially dangerous due to not being maintained, a lack of streetlights, and pedestrian and livestock traffic. Military traffic / convoys on the road networks will be stressed due to lack of quality roads and the unmaintained dirt roads throughout the island nation. The amount of pedestrian traffic on the rural roads will also be an issue.

Local Driving Habits

Due to the low number of motorized vehicles and the condition of the roads throughout Gabal, the problems found in many other countries are not found in Gabal. Those that can drive in Gabal pay little attention to road signs and standard driving courtesies, however, so there are large number of vehicle accidents. These accidents often involve non-motorized vehicles as the drivers usually travel faster than they should do for the road conditions and pay little attention to their surroundings. Motor vehicle drivers do not yield the right away to pedestrians creating a large number of confrontations between drivers and pedestrians. The pedestrians use the dirt roads like a walking path while the drivers attempt to get around them to continue on their journey. Entrepreneurs on bicycles, motorcycles, or other conveyances zoom around people in urban areas.

Public Transportation System

The primary public transportation method in Gabal are buses and hired automobiles. The larger the populated area, the more likely it is to have more frequent bus traffic. The bus companies are independently owned and operated. The buses run both in the major metropolitan areas and to the more rural areas. Travel by bus to the more remote areas of the each island can take several hours despite the small size of the islands. The conditions of the roads degrades the further you move from the larger urban centers. There is limited bus services on Culion Island focusing mainly on the large tourist centers of Culion proper and Molpok. For those with automobiles, the owners will hire their vehicle out for cash money.

Rail

Due to the small size of the islands, Gabal does not have any railway lines. The mining and timber companies did not feel it would be economically sound to install them and the government lacks the resources to install them now.

Air Transportation Systems

Gabal contains six airstrips, three with paved runways. The chart below shows the details for each runway.

Paved Runways

There are only three paved runways in Gabal, one in Puerto Princessa, one near San Vicente, and the other near Coron.

  • Over 10,000 feet: 0
  • 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 1
  • 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 1
  • 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 1
  • Under 3,000 feet: 0

Unpaved Runways

There are three dirt runways in Gabal and all are under 2300 feet in length.

  • Over 10,000 feet: 0
  • 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 0
  • 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 0
  • 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 0
  • Under 3,000 feet: 3

Airfield Data

The following are the major runways located in Gabal.

Gabal Airfields
City Length (feet) Width (feet) Elv

(Feet)

MGRS Lat Long Surface Type Lts
Balabac 6800 150 50 50PNQ3638909706 8.2297 117.3304 Dirt No
Bataraza 5000 85 23 50PNQ4800245184 8.5505 117.4362 Asplt Yes
Busuanga 2300 90 3 50PRU1647446160 12.1620 119.9078 Dirt No
Coron 3300 98 148 51PSP8432641667 12.1215 120.1000 Con Yes
Coron 1952 25 27 51PSP9515029398 12.0117 120.2005 Dirt No
Culion 1400 25 154 50PRU2010512240 11.8553 119.9378 Dirt No
El Nido 3280 75 1998 50PQT6392239385 11.2019 119.4169 Con No
Puerto Princesa 8,530 148 71 50PPR5954444172 9.4431 118.4532 Con Yes
San Vicente 5288 148 24 50PQS4886064361 10.525 119.274 Con Yes
Taytay 3610 59 80 50PQS7417697048 10.8186 119.5075 Con No
 

Legend: Elv = Elevation    MGRS = Military Grid Location System Lat = Latitude   Long = Longitude 

               Con = Concret     Lts = Lights   

Maritime

Major ports in Gabal

Seaports

Gabal has two seaports, the Port of Coron and the Port of Puerto Princesa.  The Port of Coron is located along the Coron Bay. There is no reported data for the annual cargo throughput and due to the depth of water and size of the port, the Port of Coron cannot accommodate Military Sea Lift (MSC) Commands Large, Medium-Speed Roll-on/Roll-off (LMSR).

The Port of Coron consists of one port facility and is a shallow water port. It is run by the government of Gabal and has a pier that extends 123m, is 12m wide, and with a depth of 10m alongside. The port is open year round and handles some ships. Larger vessels anchor in the bay of Coron, which has a depth of 18-22m, and use small crafts and barges to move goods and people to shore. The port was originally designed for use by the logging and mining companies but has since been upgraded to support the tourist industry. There is a possibility of dredging the port and bay to make it capable to support ships with a larger draft if an entity would invest in it.

.The Port at Puerto Princesa is located near Latitude 09° 44"N, Longitude 118° 43"E, near the Princesa Strait. Land access to the Port at Puerto Princesa is restricted by steep terrain, with only a pair of paved roads entering the port. Notably there is a coral reef roughly half a kilometer from the port. The seabed of the port is muddy and free of major rocks and obstructions. The pier is 480m long and the depth along the pier is 10m.

Navigable Rivers

There are no navigable rivers in Gabal for anything other than a canoe, kayak, or something of similar size.

Pipelines

Gabal does not possess any pipelines and does not plan to install any.

Pipelines

There are no major pipeline systems of any type in Gabal. There are no plans to install any in the near future.

Petroleum

There are no petroleum pipe lines, raw petroleum or refined products, in Gabal.

Natural Gas

There are no natural gas pipelines in Gabal.

Water

Other than the water distribution systems in the larger villages, there are no major water pipelines in Gabal.

Telecommunications Architecture

In Gabal, most citizens can access a telephone and listen to a radio or television, but only approximately 50% of the population has access to the internet. The tourism industry and government operate approximately one thousand landlines and only 19% of the residents have cell phones.  In rural areas, a tribal leader may have the sole cell phone for the village, which is then used as a community phone. The country has one radio station that is government owned. There are no local television channels and residents are required to use satellite dishes to watch television.

Industry

Gabal has limited capacity and has focused mainly on the mining of chromite reserves. The methods used were antiquated by modern standards and highly labor intensive. The government has tried to diversify by selling the rights to fish its territorial waters to other nations. This has yielded limited profitability and Gabal has not invested in any infrastructure to process and package the fish that would be required for any large scale commercial industry. Foreign investors are attempting to capitalize on the natural beauty of islands and have been focusing on tourism. The infrastructure will need continual modernization to meet the expectations and volume of tourists expected.

Food and Agriculture

The nation of Gabal has limited agricultural capacity. Agriculture in Gabal typically uses terraced fields that are fed by rainwater for irrigation. The methods of farming used in the past have caused the majority of the land to be contaminated, either from run off from the chromite mines or improper application of chemicals. Sustainable farming and crop rotation has only been introduced in the past thirty years. The island nation is unable to have any large-scale commercial farms due to limited arable land. The government has begun to replant the deforested areas, as they plan in upcoming years to begin using sustainable logging.

The farming methods in Gabal’s past relied on the use of toxic pesticides that are outlawed in Western countries. Military units need to be cognizant of the run off from the fields and contamination to the soil from these pesticides are often carcinogens.

Oil/Gas

Gabal has no oil or natural gas reserves, nor any petrochemical infrastructure. The country must import all of its oil and gas to meet the demand in the country from regional actors. There have been no plans for exploration of oil. Military operations in the area must ensure that oil is imported to support the economy and citizens of the country during and post hostilities.

Defense Industries

Gabal does not have a defense industry and must import all items for military use.

Nuclear Facilities

Gabal does not possess the infrastructure nor the resources to have nuclear capabilities.

Space

Gabal does not have an active space program. They rely on leased satellites from South Torbia for communications and navigational needs.

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