Infrastructure: Belesia

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Infrastructure Overview

While the region’s five major countries have a significant number of urban residents, Belesia has almost half of its population living in rural areas. The country contains a mixture of both modern cities, primitive rural villages, and everything in between. Modern utilities are found predominantly in the major cities and at reasonable levels throughout the rural countryside.

Rapid urbanization is stressing the Belesian infrastructure to its limits. Despite this, Belesia can still claim to be among the best in the world in regards to some of the services it provides. Belesia has a robust mass transit system. Several bus companies provide transportation in major cities and to rural areas. Airports range from large international airports that can handle almost any aircraft, to small, unimproved dirt strips. Some seaports are modern that can handle the vast majority of global cargo vessels with dolphin platforms for the offloading of petroleum. The country suffers from high levels of pollution in the urban areas and the government has made policies to combat pollution in urban environments and water supplies.

Urban areas contain skyscraper buildings at least 100 m tall, large apartment complexes, and residential suburbs. There is a shortage of available housing that meets the minimum standards causing some of the poorest residents to construct makeshift dwellings. This is predominantly in the outskirts of the major urban areas. The local governments are actively creating new low income housing areas. Typical rural construction is low quality wooden houses with corrugated roofs. The Belesian government is investing heavily in modernizing living conditions for its entire population, but these upgrades are expected to take decades before completion.

Construction patterns in Belesia’s urban areas are similar throughout the country, with high-rise construction contrasted with low cost public housing requiring modernization due to age. City planners have extensive knowledge of strategic and sustainable city planning but are hampered by decades of unplanned growth and expansion. Building materials typically consist of concrete, steel, and rebar. In areas prone to flooding, houses are built on pilings to prevent flooding.

Military operations in urban areas will initially benefit from modern electricity, water, sewage, and other utility services. As the size of the force increases however, it will further stress the grid and could cause catastrophic failure. Urban areas provide additional networks of subterranean and vertical construction that will provide cover and concealment for the enemy and possible refuge to civilians in times of conflict. Because of its expansive metropolitan population spread across numerous islands, any military operation in Belesia will involve intensive urban operations.

Major Belesian Cities and Urban Zones

Note: Belesian convention adds the term "city" following the municipality name to disambiguate it from other administrative regions or islands that might share the same name. Additionally, some city names--e.g. Naga--are used in more than one municipality. Belesia's national average for urban density is 232 / km².

Infrastructure Matrix

Infrastructure Sub-Variables
City	Pop	Pop Dens/km2	UBD	Roads	Air	Rail	Sea	Power	Water	Sewage/ Sanitation
Davo City	1,600,000	656	M	C	C	NE	C	Dv	Dv	Dv
Cebu City	922,611	2,934	H	C	C	NE	C	Dv	Dv	Dv
Zamboanga City	861,799	618	M	C	M	NE	C	Dv	Dv	Dg
Cagayan de Oro City	675,950	1,622	H	C	M	NE	C	Dv	Dv	Dv
Iloilo City	447,992	5,792	M	M	M	NE	M	Dg	Dg	Dg
Legend: Population (Pop); Density (Dens); kilometer (km) Per TC-7-101: UBD = Urban Building Density; low (L); medium (M); high (H); primitive (P); moderate (M); complex (C); non-existent (NE); degraded (Dg); developed (Dv)

Davao City

Davao City is the capital of Belesia. It is also Belesia's largest city in both territory and population. The larger metro area of Davao City, Tagum, Panabo, Samal, and Digos combines for a total population of 2.5 million. Urban development is even more condensed than Cebu City, with over 75% of the population living and working within 15% of Davao City's land area.

Cebu City

Cebu City serves as Belesia’s major port in the center of the Belesian archipelago. Metropolitan Cebu is made up of Cebu City, Carcar, Danao, Manuaue, Naga, Talisay, and Lapu-Lapu, with a combined population of 2.8 million. It is the most populous metro area in Belesia. Development is condensed to less than 20 percent of the terrain due to steep forested mountain ranges running parallel to the coastline. The city also boasts one of the largest and most sheltered harbors in Belesia. The buildings in the main urban areas consist of high-rise buildings, single family and duplex dwellings, and high-rise apartment buildings. On the periphery are the government tenement housing and shantytowns. A well-developed city core serves as an intermixed commercial and institutional center, with a larger residential zone on the surrounding periphery. Major shipping and ship repair facilities dominate the waterfront on the city's northwest coastline.

Zamboanga City

Zamboanga City sits at the extreme western end of Mindanao Island at the bottom of a peninsula straddling the Sulu Sea and Celebes Sea. As with the other major Belesian cities, it boasts a good deep-water port. However, it is more known as a commercial fishing port and seafood processing center than a trade port. Construction is high-density mid-rise with orderly block-style development within the city core. Government, industry, and commerce are mixed in the central district surrounding the city pier. Development stretches primarily in an east-west fashion following the coastline. It transitions to more random, residential, and low-rise construction radiating out from the city center.

Cagayan de Oro City

Cagayan de Oro City sits on the north side of Mindanao Island on the center of the Macajalar Bay coastline and is bisected by the Cagayan de Oro River. Seven other rivers also flow into this bay within a 16 km stretch of coastline. It is bounded by Mt. Mangabon 35 km to the east and Mt. Katanglad 35 km to the south. The port and industrial facilities are east of the river, with residences, resorts, and agriculture dominant on the west side. Construction is densely concentrated mid to low rise buildings surrounded by green space and agriculture. Construction patterns are mostly orderly, accounting for the irregularities dictated by the river courses. Government and other institutions are distributed on both sides of the river, mostly in the city center away from the shoreline. The terrain becomes extremely sloped within 10 kilometers of the shoreline where development abruptly ends..

Iloilo City

Iloilo City is the largest city on the Belesian island of Panay. The greater metropolitan population is 946,146. It sits on a large alluvial plain with much of development occurring on low-lying or reclaimed land. The Iloilo and Batiano Rivers in the south form two east-west peninsulas containing most of the old city residences and commerce. The Jaro Floodway forms the northern boundary of the city's development. The old airport forms the nucleus of a central business district, housing most of Iloilo's high-rise construction. The city's oceanfront borders the Iloilo Strait. Resorts and residences dominate the south coast, with traders and heavy industry accounting for most of the northeast coastal development. Construction patterns are mostly dense orderly along the peninsulas and in the central business district, giving way to dense random low-rise construction in the outlying districts. 

Energy Sector

electricity; 96% in urban areas and 80% in rural areas. Large interconnection lines provide some measure of stability to the national grid. Getting power to the smaller outlying islands is a challenge. These islands are mainly serviced by small diesel generators (<1 MW) operating on a mini-grid. Those islands close enough to the main grid are connected via undersea cable.

Nuclear Power

There are no nuclear power plants in Belesia.

Renewable Power

Wind, solar, and biomass plants are gaining popularity with the number of new plants being built each year rising by 10-12%. Nearly all of the renewable energy plants have been developed within the last two decades, which means that they are significantly new and more modern than existing hydrocarbon power plants.

Hydrocarbon Power 

Of the 63 operational hydrocarbon power plants, over half of the generating capacity comes from 16 coal-fired plants. These power plants have the greatest age on them and are more susceptible to breaking down just because of their age. Sometimes it is tough to find replacement parts for equipment and technology that was developed nearly six decades ago, or longer. In the past, Belesia has gone to North Torbia for assistance with fixing and maintaining outdated industrial equipment. However the latest round of international sanctions has made this more difficult.

Hydroelectric Power

Approximately 33% of Belesia’s power comes from 23 hydroelectric and geothermal plants. Hydroelectric power will continue to be an important resource in creating power in the country. While there are protestors that wish to get rid of any power produced by fossil fuels, this attitude has not transferred to the country’s hydroelectric and geothermal plants.

Power Plant Data Matrix

Major Belesian Power Plants
Name or Location	Fuel Type	Capacity (MW)	Latitude	Longitude		MGRS
Agus 1 Hydroelectric Power Plan	Hydro	80	8.0046		124.2868	51PXJ4181485028
Agus 6 Hydroelectric Power Plant	Hydro	200	8.1937		124.1915	51PXK3124805906
Agus II Hydroelectric Power Plant	Hydro	180	8.0528		124.2709	51PXJ4004590352
Agusan 2 Hydroelectric Power Plant	Hydro	1.6	8.352649		124.768953	51PXK9479523721
Ampiro Geothermal Power Project	Geothermal	30	6.983814		125.276017	51NYH5146172567
BacMan Geothermal Production Field	Geothermal	140	13.0547		123.9678	51PXQ0493143384
Bacolad Solar Field	Solar	25	10.8055		122.9908	51PVM9899494473
Balingasag Power Station	Coal	165	8.7662		124.7685	51PXK9453569461
Baloi Hydro Plant	Hydro	158.1	8.1336		124.1983	51PXJ3201799262
Belesia Group Power Plant	Coal	511	14.230976		121.756985	51PUR6589173629
Biliran Geothermal Plant	Geothermal	49	11.563737		124.407216	51PXN5344478691
Bohol Diesel Power Plant	Diesel	11	9.644151		123.875069	51PWL9600966191
Bubunawan Run Hydroelectric Power Plant	Hydro	32	8.382527		124.6504	51PXK8172326968
Calong Solar Field	Solar	60	10.4152		123.6789	51PWM7430951398
Cebu Private Power Corporation	Natural Gas	260	10.290472		123.898087	51PWM9834137666
Colorado Solar Plant	Solar	28.6	6.7718		125.2853	51NYH5259949116
Concepcion Power Plant	Coal	135	11.1872		123.1210	51PWN1321036681
Cosmic Solar Plant	Solar	5.7	10.6163		122.1683	51PVM0902373675
Don Carlos Biomass Energy Plant	Biomass	10	10.5116		123.4351	51PWM4760862010
Green Power Bukidnon	Biomass	35	7.7851		124.8262	51NYJ0138260975
Hopewell Power Station	Coal	728	10.2185		123.7577	51PWM8298629668
Kalilangan Biomas Energy Corporation	Biomass	10	7.7834		124.8265	51NYJ0141660787
La Carlota II Solar Plant	Solar	48	10.4249		122.928	51PVM9211952392
La Carlota Solar Power Plant	Solar	32	10.4216		122.9348	51PVM9286352027
Lakewood Geothermal Prospect	Geothermal	40	7.854843		123.135271	51NWJ1491168252
Lanao Kauswagan Power Station	Coal	552	8.186442		124.117646	51PXK2311405080
Leyte Geothermal Production Field	Geothermal	588.4	11.141893		124.6200	51PXN7691132152
Leyte Optimization Geothermal Power Station	Geothermal	50.9	11.172973		124.629651	51PXN7794735595
Ludo Power Station	Natural Gas	200	10.290414		123.889213	51PWM9736937656
Mindanao Geothermal Power Plan	Geothermal	106	7.012785		125.219875	51NYH4524075742
Misamis Oriental Biomass Energy Plant	Biomass	12	8.5577		124.5080	51PXK6596546278
Mt. Sibulan-Kapatagan Geothermal Power Project	Geothermal	300	9.355128		123.156392	51PWL1717234118
Mt. Apo Geothermal Plant	Geothermal	106	7.012785		125.219875	51NYH4524075742
NAC Diesel Fired Power Plant	Diesel	10.9	9.7189		125.5081	51PYL7519275350
Naga Thermal Power Complex	Geothermal	43.4	10.2185		123.7577	51PWM8298629668
Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant	Geothermal	49.4	9.287398		123.239144	51PWL2626426635
National Power Corporation Hydro Plant	Hydro	255	7.7156		125.0236	51NYJ2319553386
One Power Energy	Biomass	42	10.3163		123.9012	51PWM9867440523
Pagbilao Power Plant	Coal	420	13.8932		121.7450	51PUR6439936271
Palinpinon Geothermal Power Plant	Geothermal	172.5	9.287398		123.239144	51PWL2626426635
Panay Diesel Power Plant	Diesel	74.9	11.024764		122.632853	51PVN5989418742
Pililla Wind Farm	Wind	54	14.470997		121.36749	51PUS2404700443
Pulangi IV Hydroelectric Power Plant	Hydro	255	7.786453		125.023622	51NYJ2316161224
San Carlos Bio Power	Biomass	19.9	10.5158		123.4351	51PWM4760862475
San Lorenzo Wind Farm	Wind	54	10.590663		122.692253	51PVM6633470736
San Miguel Coal Power Plant	Coal	135	6.3943		125.6173	51NYH8953907528
Sarangani Power	Coal	118	5.8710		125.0789	51NYG3017349371
Sembrano Wind Farm	Wind	72	14.378314		121.371138	51PUR2436890186
Sibulan Hydro A	Hydro	42.5	6.884339		125.370175	51NYH6192561612
SPI Cebu Diesel Power Plant	Diesel	43.8	10.417016		123.668987	51PWM7322451597
SPI Power Coal Plant	Coal	232	8.5725		124.7573	51PXK9340248031
SPI Power Plant	Coal	200	10.217068		123.761906	51PWM8344729510
State Power Inc. Coal Power Plant	Coal	232	8.5601		124.7465	51PXK9221946654
Sultan Energy	Coal	200	6.689869		124.671891	51NXH8480639779
Supercritical Coal Power Plant	Coal	500	14.230976		121.756985	51PUR6589173629
Talomo Hydro 3	Hydro	4.5	7.096392		125.609596	51NYH8827085216
ThermaBelesia	Coal	300	6.964542		125.481212	51NYH7415670549
Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant	Geothermal	275	13.4655		123.6486	51PWQ7020388707
Toledo Power Plant	Coal	200	10.3871		123.6401	51PWM7006848282
VECO Power Generation	Natural Gas	307	10.289471		123.89744	51PWM9827037555
Western Mindanao Power Corporation	Diesel	100	7.081824		122.213842	51NVH1318082867
Legend: MW: Megawatt     MGRS: Military Grid Reference System

Home Heating

Home Heating: Due to the tropical climate (see Physical Environment variable) in most of Belesia, the temperature does not drop low enough so that heating is necessary. For the times when this does occur, most families put a few charcoal briquettes in the family stove to help heat the house. During this periods, the kitchen becomes even more of the hub for a family than normal.

Water and Sanitation

Belesia continues to improve the number of its citizens that can access potable water and proper sanitation facilities. NGOs visit rural villages on a regular basis to educate the people on proper methods to gain access to clean water and dispose of body waste. These programs and the construction of facilities continue to improve the health of Belesians.

Water

Ninety percent of the population has access to potable water. Relatively modern household water distribution systems cover most cities, while the rural population relies on improved wells and boreholes. Though tropical, Belesia is also susceptible to drought, exacerbated on the smaller low-lying atolls. The government has invested in desalination projects to service the larger islands.

Sanitation

Seventy-five percent of the population has access to an improved sanitation, predominantly those in the developed urban areas. Even in the cities, this does not always equate to fixed plumbing in residences, but also includes improved latrines. The lack of universal or adequate sanitation contributes to the high rate of infectious disease spread, especially in the dense urban

Transportation Architecture

Roads are the primary intra-island transportation method. Although air travel is gaining popularity, surface transport by boat, ferry, or coastal freighter is the primary inter-island mode of transport. Most roads, especially rural roads, are in poor condition at best, due to lack of maintenance. While Belesia has no operational railway, tentative plans envision initial construction around the capital city of Davao, eventually expanding out with 2,000 km of coverage throughout Mindanao.

Road System

Overall, Belesian roads are below US standards. Driving is extremely hazardous and even more so at night and during the rainy season. In general, drivers typically ignore traffic laws and many vehicles on the roads fail to meet the minimum safety standards outlined by the government.

Paved Roads

About 62% percent of Belesia's roads are paved. The network consists mainly of three types of national roads: Primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary roads connect three or more major population centers of 100,000 or more. Secondary roads connect major population centers to smaller cities and tertiary roads are any other maintained by the national government. The Belesian government maintains over 1,200 permanent bridges. During the monsoon season, roads in elevated areas have been known to have the soil wash out from underneath them, causing a collapse.

Unpaved Roads

About 38% of Belesia’s roads are unpaved. Most of these contain a gravel road bed that helps drainage during rainstorms. Most of the country receives a large amount of rainfall and dirt roads without a gravel base are quickly washed away. Road maintenance projects create bottlenecks cutting two-way traffic to a single lane alternating the flow of traffic every few minutes. As anywhere else in the world, these projects often take several months to complete.       

Local Driving Habits

Belesian drivers have terrible habits including: overuse of the horn; texting while driving; racing to beat the red light; changing lanes too often; tailgating; failure to use seatbelts; using their hazard lights to park anywhere for a quick stop (e.g. an ATM withdrawal, or to make a quick purchase with a street vendor); and unloading passengers anywhere. If stopped for moving violations, most Belesian drivers will attempt to bribe the law enforcement officers.

Public Transportation

The larger the city the more likely it is to be a hub for bus traffic. The bus companies are independently owned and operated. The buses run both in the major metropolitan areas and to the more rural areas, providing mainly long distance travel to the civilian population. Very few Belesians use them for local travel, as there are other more efficient and reliable ways to move around the congestion in the major metropolitan areas. The buses used by the private companies do not come from any predominant manufacturer. For the smaller companies that cannot afford to purchase new buses many are refurbished and updated. Many of the buses have air conditioning, which require passengers to pay an additional fee to ride. Many of the major bus companies originate their lines from the major metropolitan areas and then run to the more rural areas. Typically, the routes traveled are limited to only a few companies to each area.

Rail System

Belesia has no operational railway system. Rugged terrain, adequate roads and plentiful water transport challenge the feasibility for a capital-intensive rail system. Initial work is proceeding on a 150- km prototype line in Davao City on Mindanao Island. If successful, an eventual 2,000 km system is planned to cover the entire island.

Air Transportation System

Belesia's airport infrastructure can support major military operations. The two major international airports are located at Davao City on Mindanao Island, and Cebu City on Cebu Island, though most major islands have an international airport serving as a first port of entry. Belesia's network of airfield, fixed base operators, and maintenance facilities can accommodate most intermediate and some depot-level maintenance for its civil air fleet.

Paved Runways

• Over 10,000 feet: 2
• 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 8
• 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 28
• 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 34
• Less than 3,000 feet: 3

Unpaved Runways

• Over 10,000 feet: 0
• 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 1
• 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 2
• 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 19
• Less than 3,000 feet: 35

Airfield Data Chart

Belesian Airfields
City	Length (feet)	Width (feet)	Elv (Feet)	MGRS	Lat	Long	Sur- face	Lts
Aborian	2500	50	1575	50PPR7050351652	9.5103	118.5533	Dirt	No
Agutaya	3946	184	0	51PTN5202056621	11.3588	120.7278	Asplt	Yes
Alcantara	4560	98	10	51PVP0050561113	12.3110	122.0850	Asplt	No
Aroroy	2009	47	165	51PWP3078994743	12.6165	123.2835	Grass	No
Asturias	1070	45	207	51PWM8157765259	10.5404	123.7456	Grass	No
Asuncion	2220	25	141	51NZJ0131835571	7.5507	125.7304	Grass	No
Bacolod	6569	148	26	51PVM9230076440	10.6424	122.9296	Asplt	Yes
Balabac	6800	150	50	50PNQ3638909706	8.2297	117.3304	Dirt	No
Baloi	4593	60	1300	51PXJ3385898925	8.1305	124.2150	Con	No
Bataraza	5000	85	23	50PNQ4800245184	8.5505	117.4362	Asplt	Yes
Bislig	3937	98	12	52PBQ0492506949	8.1960	126.3220	Con	No
Bongao	5100	98	15	50NRL0416658500	5.0470	119.7430	Asplt	No
Borongan	3935	95	7	51PYN7025991722	11.6743	125.4790	Con	No
Braulio E. Dujali	3129	72	23	51NYJ8253022831	7.4366	125.5596	Dirt	Yes
Buenavista	3652	25	5	51PVM6330082054	10.6930	122.6644	Grav	No
Bulan	4350	120	3937	51PWQ9533302373	12.6842	123.8780	Grass Asplt	No
Buluan	3000	50	10	51NYH0189345207	6.7384	124.8266	Asplt	No
Butuan	6450	150	141	51PYK7257290408	8.9515	125.4788	Con	Yes
Cagayan de Oro	6890	148	190	51PXK6027352283	8.6122	124.4565	Con	Yes
Cagayan de Oro	8050	118	601	510WK7736830608	8.4156	124.6110	Asplt	Yes
Calbayog	4843	98	12	51PXP6816035066	12.0727	124.5450	Con	Yes
Caluya	7075	94	0	51PUPU2460135385	12.0752	121.3885	Con	No
Carles	4365	119	25	51PWN2733366799	11.4595	123.2506	Dirt	No
Catarman	4429	98	6	51PXP7777882658	12.5024	124.6360	Con	No
Catbalogan	4265	120	0	51PXP9938106195	11.8100	124.8300	Con	No
Cuyo	3696	135	0	51PTN5190156699	11.3595	120.7267	Asplt	No
Daet	3773	98	10	51PVR9784162015	14.1292	122.9800	Asplt	No
Dalaguete	945	33	1013	51PVR9784162015	9.8213	123.5478	Dirt	No
Daraga	3000	75	406	51PWQ7361049874	13.1143	123.6791	Dirt	No
Datu Odin Sinsuat	6234	98	189	51NXH3360792187	7.1652	124.2100	Asplt	Yes
Davao City	9842	148	96	51NYH9227688460	7.1255	125.6460	Asplt	Yes
Del Carmen	4167	98	10	52PAR7246791296	9.8591	126.0140	Con	No
Dipolog	6273	98	12	51PWK3761950867	8.6020	123.3419	Con	Yes
El Nido	3280	75	1998	50PQT6392239385	11.2019	119.4169	Con	No
Gasan	4785	95	32	51PUQ7286877358	13.3610	121.8260	Asplt	Yes
General Santos	5577	98	28	51NYG4735975479	6.1064	125.2350	Asplt	No
General Santos	10587	148	505	51NYG3198970063	6.0580	125.0960	Con	Yes
Guiuan	7919	148	7	51PYN9961721277	11.0355	125.7420	Asplt	No
Hilongos	3280	100	12	51PXM9082647950	10.3800	124.7430	Asplt	No
Iloilo	8202	148	27	51PVM4462597560	10.8330	122.4934	Asplt	Yes
Ipil	3150	65	52	51NVJ5611760616	7.7856	122.6020	Con	No
Isabel	3691	53	0	51PXN5713206644	10.9122	124.4378	Con	No
Isulan	3802	55	219	51NXH7846036698	6.6622	124.6144	Grass	No
Jeroco	2700	75	60	51NXH7846036698	5.4061	118.3964	Dirt	No
Jolo	4144	98	118	51NTG7985669543	6.0537	121.0110	Asplt	No
Jose Panganiban	3090	50	302	51PVR6204679949	14.2911	122.6481	Dirt	No
Kabankalan	2600	65	310	51PVM8368106002	10.0053	122.8511	Dirt	No
Kalamansig	2675	25	26	51NXH1652725164	6.5594	124.0540	Grass	No
Kalibo	7175	148	14	51PVN3199191177	11.6794	122.3760	Con	Yes
Kapalong	2409	30	25	51PVN3199191177	7.6031	125.6544	Dirt	No
Keningau	9173	150	1036	50NML0715292245	5.3575	116.1620	Asplt	No
Kiamba	3955	60	0	51NXG9306956655	5.9380	124.7441	Grass	No
Kota Belud	4800	150	46	50NMN4149503604	6.3652	116.4710	Dirt	No
Kota Kinablu	9800	150	10	50NLM9495856352	5.9372	116.0510	Asplt	Yes
Kuala Penyu	1813	50	6	50NLM4305519177	5.6000	115.5830	Grass	No
Kudat	2395	75	10	50NMN8188365184	6.9225	116.8360	Asplt	No
Labuan	7546	148	101	50NLL0606686177	5.3007	115.2500	Asplt	Yes
Laguindingan	6890	147	190	51PXK6035052317	8.6125	124.4572	Con	Yes
Lahad Datu	4498	98	45	50NPL4677656383	5.0323	118.3240	Asplt	Yes
Lapu-Lapu	10827	148	31	51PXM0719639574	10.3075	123.9790	Asplt	Yes
Lebak	2140	44	16	51PXM0719639574	6.6739	124.0581	Asplt	No
Legazpi	7480	118	66	51PWQ7965554669	13.1575	123.7350	Asplt	Yes
Liloy	1900	85	260	51PVJ6370995577	8.1019	122.6706	Dirt	Yes
Maasin	3642	98	328	51PXM9521626658	10.1873	124.7820	Con	No
Mabini	3480	30	15	51NZJ1391403818	7.2631	125.8426	Dirt	No
Maco	3268	50	61	51NZJ1361924205	7.4473	125.8411	Dirt	No
Magsaysay	5000	100	13	51NZJ1361924205	10.8581	121.0690	Grav	No
Maitum	3041	68	1316	51NXG6219072433	6.0815	124.4656	Grass	No
Malabang	4462	100	27	51NXJ1681342122	7.6172	124.0590	Con	No
Malangas	2400	25	3	51NWJ0197445638	7.6503	123.0179	Grav	No
Malay	3117	98	7	51PUP8609518419	11.9245	121.9540	Con	No
Malita	3715	94	5	51NYH8974408403	6.4022	125.6192	Con	Yes
Mambajao	3945	98	53	51PXL8751723327	9.2535	124.7070	Asplt	No
Manolo Fortich	4576	50	1425	51PYK0375923225	8.3478	124.8503	Dirt	No
Mapun	4265	125	98	50NPN6524875559	7.0140	118.4960	Mac	No
Maragusan	3651	65	2076	52NAP8493408784	7.3079	126.1467	Dirt	No
Maramag	4592	60	919	51NYJ2424657617	7.7538	125.0333	Asplt	No
Masbate	4921	98	26	51PWP6837867482	12.3694	123.6290	Con	No
Mati	5330	105	156	52NAN9865669023	6.9494	126.2730	Con	No
Mercedes	812	65	3	51PWR0998557073	14.0845	123.0925	Grass	No
Milagros	1341	50	26	51PWP6743646977	12.1840	123.6199	Dirt	No
M’lang	5143	95	130	51NYH1286064894	6.9160	124.9265	Con	No
Naval	3000	70	0	51PXN5584673411	11.5159	124.4290	Dirt	No
New Corella	2866	75	118	51NZJ1179849307	7.6742	125.8261	Dirt	No
Ormoc	6120	118	83	51PXN7095222840	11.0580	124.5650	Con	No
Ozamiz	5720	95	75	51PWK9275004128	8.1785	123.8420	Asplt	No
Pagadian	5512	98	5	51NWJ5084565609	7.8307	123.4612	Asplt	No
Pagbilao	2218	75	0	51PUR6431737057	13.9003	121.7442	Dirt	No
Pangiao	9200	150	74	51PWL8460858462	9.5745	123.7710	Dirt	No
Pantukan	3777	75	3	51NZJ1421301972	7.2464	125.8452	Dirt	No
Perez	1766	107	6	51PUR8445273650	14.2320	121.9290	Grass	No
Pili	4599	98	142	51PWR2920901835	13.5849	123.2700	Con	Yes
Roxas	6201	48	10	51PVN5333982103	11.5977	122.5720	Con	Yes
San Antonio	1695	82	3	51PXP3850172996	12.4170	124.2742	Grass	No
San Carlos	2396	57	1220	51PWM4893262421	10.5153	123.4472	Grass	No
San Fernando	500	43	10	51PVP5917657533	12.2799	122.6246	Grass	No
San Isidro	2043	25	25	52NAN7940755501	6.8262	126.0997	Dirt	No
San Jose de Buenavista	3937	98	23	51PUM8333990309	10.7660	121.9330	Asplt	No
San Vicente	5288	100	0	50PQS4886064361	10.5250	119.2739	Con	No
Sandakan	7000	151	46	50NPM1722652361	5.9009	118.0590	Asplt	Yes
Santa Catalina	3037	65	43	51PVL8658030387	9.3214	122.8778	Grass	No
Santa Fe	2950	40	60	51PWN817534039	11.1624	123.7484	Dirt/ Con	No
Santo Tomas	2577	80	16	51NYJ9095926399	7.4684	125.6361	Dirt	No
Semporna	1998	50	60	50NPK7564392056	4.4500	118.5830	Dirt	No
Sibulan	6136	118	15	51PWL3294331759	9.3337	123.3000	Asplt	Yes
Silay	6562	148	82	51PWM0163991256	10.7764	123.0150	Con	No
Siocon	2155	58	923	51NVJ0760752295	7.7097	122.1622	Dirt	No
Siquijor	4100	100	0	51PWL5188218567	9.2142	123.4723	Grav	No
Sirawai	2243	50	800	51NVJ0709538697	7.5867	122.1578	Dirt	No
Sorsogon City	2750	75	126	51PXQ1127338156	13.0072	124.0261	Grass	No
Surallah	4396	59	659	51NXH9367804079	6.3668	124.7510	Asplt	No
Surigao	5603	98	20	51PYL7217679412	9.7558	125.4809	Con	Yes
Surigao City (Nonoc Island)	3939	82	0	51PYL8465685415	9.8092	125.5950	Asplt	No
Tacloban	7014	148	10	51PYN2141741908	11.2276	125.0280	Asplt	Yes
Tagbilaran	5837	98	38	51PWL9358268391	9.6641	123.8530	Asplt	Yes
Tagum	2000	30	84	51NZJ0772127399	7.4765	125.7879	Dirt	No
Tampakan	2444	60	3827	51NYH1400809041	6.4110	124.9349	Dirt	No
Tandag	4765	98	16	52PAR8899404034	9.0721	126.1710	Con	No
Tawau	8800	155	57	50NPK2517177613	4.3202	118.1280	Asplt	Yes
Taytay	3610	59	80	50PQS7417697048	10.8186	119.5075	Con	No
Tomanggong	2198	50	26	50NPL8281997127	5.4000	118.6500	Grav	No
Tubay	3124	70	61	51PYL8137014594	9.1695	125.5603	Dirt	Yes
Ubay	1312	50	7	51PXM5622612275	10.0590	124.4256	Con	No
Virac	5118	98	121	51PXR3048001201	13.5764	124.2060	Con	Yes
Wao	3380	85	3907	51NXJ9123544309	7.6348	124.7336	Dirt	Yes
Zamboanga City	8560	144	33	51NUH9615465273	6.9224	122.0600	Asplt	Yes
Legend: Elv = Elevation    MGRS = Military Grid Location System Lat = Latitude   Long = Longitude                 Con = Concrete     Grav = Gravel    Asplt = Asphalt     Pave = Paved    Mac = Macadam                 Cmt = Cement        Lts = Lights        AB = Air Base

Maritime

Water transport is the primary mode of passenger and cargo transport within the Belesian archipelago and with its neighbors. Belesia has 36 seaports located along the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. There are11 Belesia ports that average more than 1 million tons of cargo throughput annually. The only ports that can accommodate Military Sea Lift (MSC) Commands Large, Medium-Speed Roll-on/Roll-off (LMSR) is the Port of Iloilo and the Port of General Santos. Belesia’s largest and most productive port is the Port of Iloilo, which is the independent capital of the province of Iloilo in the western Visayas region on Panay Island in the Philippines. Located in the center of the Belesia islands, the Port of Iloilo is well-positioned to be an important center for industry, commerce, and trade. It has the educational infrastructure to prepare a skilled workforce, and it has the physical city infrastructure to attract and support business and industry. Today, the Port of Iloilo’s banking, finance, retail trade, and customer service sectors are important to the local and national economy. In 2007, the City and Port of Iloilo was home to over 418 thousand people.

The Iloilo Commercial Port Complex is located on 20.8 hectares of reclaimed land. It includes 11,400 sq. meters of open space for operations, supplemented by an area of 97,000 sq. meters, fixed and mobile cranes, rails of 348 lineal meters; Roll-On-Roll-Off (RO/RO) support; a 7,800 container freight stations; and a 720 sq. meter passenger shed. The port complex is ideal for ships plying international routes having a berth length of 400 meters, a width of 26.26 meters and a berthing depth of 10.50 meters. Large inter-island ferries run 24/7 scheduled service to the main islands, and most others have daily service from one of the major gateway ports. Cargo traffic is mostly containerized or break-bulk with the ports of Davao and Cebu serving as the main entry points for scheduled liner services to the major container hubs in mainland Asia. These ports are operated with RORO capacity and combined are known as the Federated Nautical Highway.

Belesia has relatively large merchant marine and fishing fleets operating globally. Belesians are skilled navigators and it is common to see very small vessels operating at great distances offshore. These craft can be seen in the hundreds of smaller ports and anchorages that are not listed in the mainstream commercial port directories. The Belesian Ministry of Infrastructure assigns the administrative responsibility for ports, waterways, merchant and fishing fleets to the Belesian Maritime Authority. Enforcement of Belesian laws in Belesian territorial waters and exclusive economic zone enforcement falls to the Coast Guard and Revenue Service of Belesia, under the overall authority of the Ministry of Finance.

.At a local scale, water transport is sometimes the primary form of transportation that rural island communities may have. Small boats serve a wide variety of roles, from being taxis to being school buses. One challenge that the Belesian government has faced is finding a way to make travel by small boat safer. There have been a number of incidents where boats have capsized and lost everyone on board, including boats serving as school buses that were loaded over capacity with children.

Navigable Rivers

All rivers in Belesia are navigable for only small vessels. There are no rivers where oceangoing freighters can travel upstream from the ports on the coasts. Locals will use traditional boats to bring their goods to market.

Pipelines

There are a few pipelines in Belesia and more are being built every year as the economy continues to grow.

Petroleum

Belesia has a single refinery located in southern Luzon. After conversion of the petroleum to various types of oil-based products, there are a few pipelines that distribute the refined petroleum to the largest cities in Belesia. There is also a complex petroleum pipeline system that operates at the larger ports. Some of them take raw petroleum and then transport it to the refinery before distribution. Other pipelines take refined products off of ships and transport them to holding facilities before distribution throughout the country.

Natural Gas

Most pipelines in Belesia are for natural gas. There are approximately 200 km of transmission pipelines that run from the offshore fields west of Gabal’s Palawan Island to southern Luzon. Then there are another 300 km of distribution pipelines that distribute the natural gas to much of Belesia. Over 9% of Belesia's electricity comes from the fuels transported by these pipelines.

Water

Water is transported in standard pipes from the purification plants to those houses that have indoor tap water. The same pipes transport water to community fountains where people without indoor water can get their daily water supply. There are no major pipelines transporting water great distances across the country.

Telecommunications Architecture

In Belesia, most citizens can access a telephone and listen to a radio or television, and over 70 percent of the population has access to the internet either through computers or through cell phones. Belesia boasts the largest growth trends within the archipelago, with upgrades and competition in both internet and mobile services. Belesians have approximately 20 million landlines and 40 million cell phones. The country has multiple radio stations that range from government owned, religious, pop culture, and music. There are three national television networks and approximately 40 local television stations providers.

Industry

Belesian manufacturing is relatively significant, but lags behind its neighbor South Torbia in capital and technological investment. It possesses a modest steel industry along with the attendant downstream industries. Abundant regional energy reserves and favorable environmental laws sustain a capable but ageing petrochemical industry.

Food and Agriculture

About 30% of Belesians farm, accounting for 10% of the country’s GDP, though it is a net food importer due to large rice imports. The bulk of Belesian farms are small farms and family run. Irrigation is controlled by the Belesian government, which recently implemented legislature that removed charges for small farmers to irrigate their fields. In the central region of Belesia, the crops are rain fed and irrigation is used in the lowlands.

Major crops are abaca, cashew, citrus fruit, coconut, lemon, maguey, mango, oil palm, pineapple, papaya, other fruits, and rubber, while annual crops are cabbage, cassava, corn, cotton, eggplant, garlic, onion, peanut, sweet potato, rice, sugarcane, tobacco, and vegetables. The current agriculture production is not sufficient to sustain the population and the country must import grains and soybeans to meet the demand of the populace. The government has placed increased emphasis on the agriculture sector to become more self-sufficient. The palm oil industry has been growing over the last decade, with many farmers switching from other crops to the more economically beneficial palm oil industry. This trend has not only made it harder for local agriculture to sustain the population, it has also led to an increase in deforestation in order to clear land for palm oil plantations. This has become a particularly intense issue on the island of Borneo, where environmentalists seek to protect endangered rain forests.

Oil/Gas

Belesia is a net energy importer in both natural gas and crude oil. The country does have an extremely well-developed maritime transport and storage terminal infrastructure. Each port has storage facilities capable of handling both raw petroleum and finished petroleum products. After offloading from the ships, the Belesian distribution system works well getting the products to where they are needed.

Defense Infrastructure

Recent construction of coastal patrol craft based on indigenous designs are the highlight of the Belesian defense industry. It is also a key player intermediate maintenance, with depots servicing sophisticated maritime, aviation and land systems. Domestically produced land force products are limited to tactical vehicle modification, small arms, and personnel equipment.

Nuclear Facilities

Belesia does not possess the infrastructure nor the resources to have nuclear capabilities.

Space

Belesia participates in UN space protocols and other international agreements controlling satellite use in search and rescue, communication, and navigation. However, it procures all of its imaging and communication services from the private sector and security partners. Its proximity to the equator has made it a frequent target for real estate acquisition for corporations looking to construct ground control stations.