|
|
| Line 13: |
Line 13: |
| | ==== National and Religious Holidays ==== | | ==== National and Religious Holidays ==== |
| | To be published | | To be published |
| − | {| class="wikitable"
| |
| − | |'''Lunar Month'''
| |
| − | |'''Name'''
| |
| − | |'''Remarks'''
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''1'''
| |
| − | |Muharram
| |
| − | |Second most sacred month of the year as the word ''haram'' means “forbidden.” Some Muslims fast all month like in Ramadan while others fast only the first 10 days of the month, the 9th and 10th, or the 10th. The 10th of Muharram (Ashurah) commemorates Hussein ibn Ali, the grandson of Muhammad. Though fighting is forbidden during Muharram, this does not preclude fighting for the sake of Islam.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''2'''
| |
| − | |Safar
| |
| − | |The root word ''safr'' means whistle, yellow, or empty depending on the context. The month received its name from the whistling of the wind in one of the windiest months of the year.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''3'''
| |
| − | |Rabi’ al-awwal
| |
| − | |Original meaning of the month was the “first month of spring.” Depending on a Muslim’s sect, the birth date of the Prophet Muhammad is celebrated on either the 12th or 17th of the month.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''4'''
| |
| − | |Rabi’ al-thani
| |
| − | |Original meaning of the month was “second month of spring.”
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''5'''
| |
| − | |Jumada al-awwal
| |
| − | |The month’s name comes from the Arianian term for “parched earth,” but it has lost its association with the dry season by the shifting of the months through the years.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''6'''
| |
| − | |Jumada al-thani
| |
| − | |The month’s name also comes from an Arianian word for “dry, parched land” but has since lost its actual meaning as it may actually occur in the rainy season.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''7'''
| |
| − | |Rajab
| |
| − | |''Rajaba'' means “respect” as Muslims begin to pray for Ramadan to arrive. Technically Muslims should not conduct war during this month, but exception is made if the warfare is for the cause of Islam.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''8'''
| |
| − | |Sha-aban
| |
| − | |The month derives its name from the Arab word for “separation” as the clans would disperse to find water.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''9'''
| |
| − | |Ramadan
| |
| − | |Most sacred of all months in Islam. Devout Muslims fast from sunup to sundown, avoiding all food and drink during daylight hours.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''10'''
| |
| − | |Shawwal
| |
| − | |The month came from the word that meant “uplift” or “breakage.” After the Eid ul-Fitr (the breaking of the Ramadan fast), some devout Muslims fast for the next 6 days while other Muslims fast for 6 non-consecutive days in the month.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''11'''
| |
| − | |Dhu al-Qi’dah
| |
| − | |The month’s name comes from the Arabic meaning “master of the truce” when Arabs did not conduct war. Technically Muslims should not conduct war during this month, but exception is made if the warfare is for the cause of Islam.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''12'''
| |
| − | |Dhu al-Hijjah
| |
| − | |The month’s name means “possessor of the pilgrimage” and the Hadj takes place on the 8th, 9th, and 10th of the month. This is the fourth and final month of the Islamic calendar during which devout Muslims are not to conduct warfare.
| |
| − | |}
| |
| − | Arianians use the solar, lunar, or Gregorian calendar for significant dates, based upon the event. Holidays associated with religious or Council of Guardians Revolution events provide opportunities for Arianians to rally in support of or opposition to their government. Actual holidays based on the lunar calendar may fluctuate a day in either direction from what is listed below. In the month of Ramadan, very little activity takes place in daylight activities due to the requirement to fast.
| |
| | {| class="wikitable" | | {| class="wikitable" |
| | |'''Holiday''' | | |'''Holiday''' |
| | |'''Date''' | | |'''Date''' |
| | |'''Description''' | | |'''Description''' |
| − | |'''Western Dates'''
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Nowrooz (Nowruz)'''
| |
| − | |Farvardin 1-4
| |
| − |
| |
| − | (21-24 March, +/- 1 day)
| |
| − | |Arianian New Year.
| |
| − | |21-24 March 2011
| |
| − |
| |
| − | 21-24 March 2012
| |
| − |
| |
| − | 21-24 March 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Islamic Republic Day'''
| |
| − | |Farvardin 12
| |
| − | |After a national referendum, Ayatollah Khodadad declared a new Arianian Islamic Republic.
| |
| − | |01 April 2011
| |
| − |
| |
| − | 01 April 2012
| |
| − |
| |
| − | 01 April 2013
| |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |'''Nature Day (Sizde-Bedar)''' | + | | |
| − | |Farvardin 13 | + | | |
| − | |Marks the end of the Persian New Year holiday season. | + | | |
| − | |02 April 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 02 April 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 02 April 2013
| |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |'''Khodadad’s Death''' | + | | |
| − | |Khordad 14 | + | | |
| − | |Commemorates the death of Ayatollah Khodadad. | + | | |
| − | |04 June 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 04 June 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 04 June 2013
| |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |'''Revolt of Khordad 15''' | + | | |
| − | |Khordad 15 | + | | |
| − | |Commemorates the 3 June 1963 incarceration of the Ayatollah Khodadad by the Arianian government. | + | | |
| − | |05 June 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 05 June 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 05 June 2013
| |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |'''Victory of the Revolution''' | + | | |
| − | |22 Bahman | + | | |
| − | |Celebration of the Council of Guardians victory over the Pasha. | + | | |
| − | |11 February 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 11 February 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 11 February 2013
| |
| | |- | | |- |
| − | |'''Nationalization of Oil Industry''' | + | | |
| − | |29 Esfand | + | | |
| − | |Commemorates the nationalization of Ariana’s oil industry. | + | | |
| − | |20 March 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 20 March 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 20 March 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''''Tasu’a'' of Imam Hussain'''
| |
| − | |Muharram 9
| |
| − | |Commemorates the attack on the camp of Muhammad’s grandson.
| |
| − | |04 December 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 23 November 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 12 October 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''''Ashura'' of Imam Hussain'''
| |
| − | |Muharram 10
| |
| − | |Shia day of mourning; celebrates the martyrdom of Muhammad’s grandson Hussein ibn Ali & his followers at the battle of Karbala; Shia communities reenact the day’s events.
| |
| − | |06 December 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 24 November 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 13 November 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''''Arba’een'' of Imam Hussain (Chelom)'''
| |
| − | |Safar 20 (30 days after Ashura)
| |
| − | |Commemorates the death of Muhammad’s grandson.
| |
| − | |06 January 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 24 December 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 13 December 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Demise of Prophet Muhammad (Mujtaba)'''
| |
| − | |Safar 28
| |
| − | |Commemorates the martyrdom of Muhammad & his grandson, Hassan.
| |
| − | |1 February 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 20 January 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 09 January 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Martyrdom of Imam Reza'''
| |
| − | |Safar 29
| |
| − | |Commemorates the assassination & martyrdom of Imam Reza in 818.
| |
| − | |02 February 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 21 January 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 10 January 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Birth of Muhammad & Imam Jafar'''
| |
| − | |Rabi’-ul-Awwal 17
| |
| − | |Commemorates the birth of both Muhammad in 570/571 AD & Imam Jafar 83 years after the founding of Islam.
| |
| − | |16 February 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 05 February 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 24 January 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Martyrdom of Fatima'''
| |
| − | |Jamaad-ath- Thaanee 3
| |
| − | |Commemorates the death of Fatima, the daughter of Muhammad, in 632.
| |
| − | |17 May 2013
| |
| − | | |
| − | 17 May 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 17 May 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Birth of Imam Ali'''
| |
| − | |Rajab 13
| |
| − | |Birthday of Imam Hazrat Ali.
| |
| − | |15 June 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 04 June 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 24 May 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Mission of Muhammad'''
| |
| − | |Rajab 27
| |
| − | |Prophet Muhammad received his calling on this date.
| |
| − | |29 June 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 17 June 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 06 June 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Birth of Imam Mahdi'''
| |
| − | |Sha’aban 15
| |
| − | |Commemorates the birth of Muhammad ibn al- Hasan al-Mahdi, who did not die but was hidden by God.
| |
| − | |16 July 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 05 July 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 24 June 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Martyrdom of Imam Ali'''
| |
| − | |Ramadan 21
| |
| − | |Commemorates the death of Muhammad’s cousin & son-in-law who the Shias believe was the original Imam.
| |
| − | |21 August 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 10 August 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 31 July 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Eid ul-Fitr (End of Ramadan)'''
| |
| − | |Shawwal 1
| |
| − | |“Feast of Breaking the Fast” celebrates the end of Ramadan, the month of fasting.
| |
| − | |31 August 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 19 August 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 08 August 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Martyrdom of Imam Jafar'''
| |
| − | |Shawwal 25
| |
| − | |Commemorates the death of Ja’far ibn Muhammad al-Sadiq, an Imam who was killed in December 765 AD.
| |
| − | |24 September 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 12 September 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 01 September 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Eid-ul-Adha (Ghurban)'''
| |
| − | |Dh-ul-Hajja 10
| |
| − | |“Feast of the Sacrifice” celebrates Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son to God; Muslims sacrifice a lamb & give 1/3 of the meat to the poor.
| |
| − | |07 November 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 26 October 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 15 October 2013
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |'''Eid al-Ghadeer'''
| |
| − | |Dh-ul-Hajja 18
| |
| − | |Primary Shia Muslim holiday; celebrates the day the Prophet Muhammad gave his last instructions to his followers & named his successor.
| |
| − | |14 November 2011
| |
| − | | |
| − | 03 November 2012
| |
| − | | |
| − | 23 October 2013
| |
| | |} | | |} |
| | | | |
| Line 285: |
Line 50: |
| | == Tactical Exploitation of Time == | | == Tactical Exploitation of Time == |
| | | | |
| − | === Caucasus Perception of Time === | + | === Belesian Perception of Time === |
| | To be published | | To be published |
| | | | |
