| tiers | |
|---|
| categories | | "WEG" |
| "Aircraft Armament" |
| "Aircraft Missiles" |
| "Anti-Ship Missiles" |
| "Tier4" |
|
|---|
| notes | "The Harpoon is an all-weather, over-the-horizon, anti-ship missile, developed and manufactured by McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing Defense, Space & Security). The Standoff Land Attack Missile (SLAM) is a land-attack variant.
The regular Harpoon uses active radar homing and flies just above the water to evade defenses. The missile can be launched from:
* Fixed-wing aircraft (the AGM-84, without the solid-fuel rocket booster)
* Surface ships (the RGM-84, fitted with a solid-fuel rocket booster that detaches when expended, to allow the
missile's main turbojet to maintain flight)
* Submarines (the UGM-84, fitted with a solid-fuel rocket booster and encapsulated in a container to enable
submerged launch through a torpedo tube);
* Coastal defense batteries, from which it would be fired with a solid-fuel rocket booster.
In 1965 the United States Navy began studies for a missile in the 45 kilometres (24 nmi) range class for use against surfaced submarines. The name Harpoon was assigned to the project. The sinking of the Israeli destroyer Eilat in 1967 by a Soviet-built Styx anti-ship missile shocked senior United States Navy officers, who until then had not been conscious of the threat posed by anti-ship missiles. In 1970 Chief of Naval Operations Admiral Elmo Zumwalt accelerated the development of Harpoon as part of his "Project Sixty" initiative, hoping to add much-needed striking power to U.S. surface warships such as theTiconderoga-class cruiser.[citation needed]
The first Harpoon was delivered in 1977; in 2004, Boeing delivered the 7,000th.
The Harpoon has also been adapted for carriage on several aircraft, including the P-3 Orion, the P-8 Poseidon, the AV-8B Harrier II, the F/A-18 Hornet and the U.S. Air Force B-52H bombers. The Harpoon was purchased by many American allies, including India, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, the United Arab Emirates and most NATO countries.
The Royal Australian Air Force can fire AGM-84-series missiles from its F/A-18F Super Hornets, F/A-18A/B Hornets, and AP-3C Orion aircraft, and previously from the now retired F-111C/Gs. The Royal Australian Navy deploys the Harpoon on major surface combatants and in the Collins-class submarines. The Spanish Air Force and the Chilean Navy are also AGM-84D customers, and they deploy the missiles on surface ships, and F/A-18s, F-16s, and P-3 Orion aircraft. The British Royal Navy deploys the Harpoon on several types of surface ships.
The Royal Canadian Navy carries Harpoon missiles on its Halifax-class frigates. The Royal New Zealand Air Force is looking at adding the capability of carrying a stand-off missile, probably Harpoon or AGM-65 Maverick, on its six P-3 Orion patrol planes once they have all been upgraded to P3K2 standard.[citation needed]
The Republic of Singapore Air Force also operates five modified Fokker 50 Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA) which are fitted with the sensors needed to fire the Harpoon missile. The Pakistani Navy carries the Harpoon missile on its frigates and P-3C Orions. The Turkish Navy carries Harpoons on surface warships and Type 209 submarines. The Turkish Air Force will be armed with the SLAM-ER.
At least 339 Harpoon missiles were sold to the Republic of China Air Force (Taiwan) for its F-16 A/B Block 20 fleet and the Taiwanese Navy, which operates four guided-missile destroyers and eight guided-missile frigates with the capability of carrying the Harpoon, including the eight former U.S. Navy Knox-class frigates and the four former USN Kidd-class destroyers which have been sold to Taiwan. The two Zwaardvis/Hai Lung submarines and 12 P-3C Orion aircraft can also use the missile. The eight Cheng Kung-class frigates, despite being based on the US Oliver Hazard Perry class, have Harpoon capabilities deleted from their combat systems, and funding to restore it has so far been denied.
The Block 1 missiles were designated AGM/RGM/UGM-84A in US service and UGM-84B in the UK. Block 1B standard missiles were designated AGM/RGM/UGM-84C, Block 1C missiles were designated AGM/RGM/UGM-84D. Block 1 used a terminal attack mode that included a pop-up to approximately 1,800 metres (5,900 ft) before diving on the target; Block 1B omitted the terminal pop-up; and Block 1C provided a selectable terminal attack mode." |
|---|
| dis | | name | "HARPOON LNCHR" |
|---|
| string | "01.01.120.005.004.000.000" |
|---|
|
|---|
| images | |
|---|
| sections | | name | "System" |
|---|
| properties | | name | "Alternative Designations" |
|---|
| value | "Kaman; La Combattante IIa fast attack craft" |
|---|
|
| name | "Date of Introduction" |
|---|
| value | "1977" |
|---|
|
| name | "Proliferation" |
|---|
| value | "12 vessels total" |
|---|
|
| name | "Builders" |
|---|
| value | "CMN Lurssen" |
|---|
|
| name | "In Service" |
|---|
| value | "1977-Present" |
|---|
|
| name | "Type" |
|---|
| value | "Fast Attack Craft" |
|---|
|
| name | "Crew" |
|---|
| value | "30 (4 officers)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Sensors and processing systems" |
|---|
| value | "Thomson-CSF Triton; G-band
Thomson-CSF Castor; I/J-band
CSEE Panda optical director" |
|---|
|
| name | "Electronic warfare & decoys" |
|---|
| value | "Thomson-CSF DR 2000S" |
|---|
|
| name | "Minelaying Capable" |
|---|
| value | "Yes" |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
| name | "Dimensions" |
|---|
| properties | |
|
| name | "Displacement," |
|---|
| value | "234 tons (standard)
265 tons (full load)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Draught" |
|---|
| value | "2.1 m" |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
| name | "Automotive" |
|---|
| properties | | name | "Engine" |
|---|
| value | "4 × MTU MD 16V 538 TB90" |
|---|
|
| name | "Number of Engines" |
|---|
| value | "4" |
|---|
|
| name | "Engine Power" |
|---|
| value | "12,000 hp (8,900 kW) (combined)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Propulsion" |
|---|
| value | "Four shafts" |
|---|
|
| name | "Maximum Speed" |
|---|
| value | "36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph) (maximum)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Range" |
|---|
| value | "570 nautical miles (1,060 km; 660 mi) at 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph)
1,600 nautical miles (3,000 km; 1,800 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)" |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
| name | "Armament" |
|---|
| sections | | name | "Weapon Station #1" |
|---|
| properties | | name | "Name" |
|---|
| value | "Bofors 57 mm L/70 naval artillery gun" |
|---|
|
| name | "Type" |
|---|
| value | "Dual-purpose naval guns" |
|---|
|
|
| name | "Caliber" |
|---|
| value | "57 mm/70 caliber" |
|---|
|
| name | "Barrel Length" |
|---|
| value | "Bore length: 3,990 mm (157.09 in)
Without flash hider: 4,045 mm (159.25 in)
With flash hider: 4,345 mm (171.06 in)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Barrels" |
|---|
| value | "Single barrel (progressive RH parabolic twist, 24 grooves)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Weight" |
|---|
| value | "Mark 3: 14,000 kg (31,000 lb) (weight including 1,000 rounds onboard, each weighing 6.5 kg (14 lb) per complete round)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Action" |
|---|
| value | "Electronic firing" |
|---|
|
| name | "Elevation" |
|---|
| value | "Mark 1: −10°/+78° (40°/s)
Mark 2: −10°/+75° (40°/s)
Mark 3: −10°/+77° (44°/s)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Traverse" |
|---|
| value | "360 deg" |
|---|
|
| name | "Rate of Fire" |
|---|
| value | "Marks 1 & 2: 55°/s
Mark 3: 57°/s
Mark 1: 200 rounds/min
Marks 2 & 3: 220 rounds/min" |
|---|
|
| name | "Muzzle Velocity" |
|---|
| value | "1,035 m/s" |
|---|
|
| name | "Effective Firing Range" |
|---|
| value | "8,500 m (9,300 yd) (HE round)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Maximum Firing Range" |
|---|
| value | "17,000 m (19,000 yd) (HE round at 45°)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Feed System" |
|---|
| value | "Magazine:
Mark 1: 40 ready rounds, 128 rounds in ready racks in mount
Mark 2: 120 ready rounds, up to 40 rounds in dual hoists
Mark 3: 120 ready rounds, up to 40 rounds in dual hoists, 1,000 rounds in mounting" |
|---|
|
| name | "Sights" |
|---|
| value | "Gyro-stabilized in local control." |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
| name | "Ammunition Weapon Station #1" |
|---|
| properties | | name | "Shell" |
|---|
| value | "57 mm × 438 mm
6.1 kg (13 lb) complete round
2.4 kg (5.3 lb) pre-fragmented shell" |
|---|
|
| name | "Caliber" |
|---|
| value | "57 mm/70 caliber" |
|---|
|
| name | "Basic Load" |
|---|
| value | "1,000" |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
| name | "Weapon Station #2" |
|---|
| properties | | name | "Name" |
|---|
| value | "Bofors 40 mm gun" |
|---|
|
| name | "Type" |
|---|
| value | "Anti-Aircraft Autocannon" |
|---|
|
|
|
| name | "Proliferation" |
|---|
| value | ">60,000" |
|---|
|
| name | "Length" |
|---|
| value | "L/60: 6.5 m (21 ft 4 in)
L/70: 6.3 m (20 ft 8 in)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Barrel Length" |
|---|
| value | "L/60: 2.2 m (7 ft 3 in)
L/70: 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Width" |
|---|
| value | "L/60: 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in)
L/70: 2.3 m (7 ft 7 in)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Height" |
|---|
| value | "L/60: 1.9 m (6 ft 3 in)
L/70: 2.4 m (7 ft 10 in" |
|---|
|
|
| name | "Barrels" |
|---|
| value | "1 - 2" |
|---|
|
| name | "Carriage" |
|---|
| value | "522 kg (1,151 lb)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Elevation" |
|---|
| value | "L/60: −5°/+90° (55°/s)
L/70: −20°/+80° (57°/s)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Traverse" |
|---|
| value | "Full 360°
L/60: 50°/s
L/70: 92°/s" |
|---|
|
| name | "Rate of Fire" |
|---|
| value | "L/60: 120 round/min
L/70: 240[1]-330 round/min" |
|---|
|
| name | "Muzzle Velocity" |
|---|
| value | "L/60: 881 m/s (2,890 ft/s)
L/70: 1,021 m/s (3,350 ft/s)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Maximum Firing Range" |
|---|
| value | "L/60: 7,160 m (23,490 ft)
L/70: 12,500 m (41,000 ft)" |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
| name | "Ammunition Weapon Station #2" |
|---|
| properties | | name | "Shell" |
|---|
| value | "Complete round:
L/43 40×311mmR
L/60 40×311mmR
L/70 40×365mmR" |
|---|
|
| name | "Caliber" |
|---|
| value | "40 mm L/60–70 (actual length varies from 56 to 70 calibers, based on model" |
|---|
|
| name | "Shell Weight" |
|---|
| value | "0.9 kg" |
|---|
|
| name | "Basic Load" |
|---|
| value | "INA" |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
| name | "Weapon Station #3" |
|---|
| properties | | name | "Name" |
|---|
| value | "Harpoon (missile)" |
|---|
|
|
| name | "Manufacturer" |
|---|
| value | "McDonnell Douglas
Boeing Defense, Space & Security" |
|---|
|
| name | "Proliferation" |
|---|
| value | "Australia
Royal Australian Navy
Royal Australian Air Force
Belgium
Belgian Navy
Brazil
Brazilian Air Force
Canada
Royal Canadian Air Force
Royal Canadian Navy
Chile
Chilean Navy
Chilean Air Force
Denmark
Royal Danish Navy
Egypt
Egyptian Air Force
Egyptian Navy
Germany
German Navy
Greece
Hellenic Navy
India
Indian Air Force
Indian Navy
Iran
Islamic Republic of Iran Navy
Israel
Israeli Air Force
Israeli Navy
Japan
Japan Maritime Self Defense Force
Malaysia
Royal Malaysian Air Force
Mexico
Mexican Navy
Morocco
Royal Moroccan Air Force
Netherlands
Royal Netherlands Navy
Pakistan
Pakistan Navy
Poland
Polish Navy
Portugal
Portuguese Air Force
Portuguese Navy
Qatar
Qatar Air Force - Harpoon Block 2 on order for use with F-15QA
South Korea
Republic of Korea Air Force
Republic of Korea Navy
Saudi Arabia
Royal Saudi Air Force
Royal Saudi Navy
Singapore
Republic of Singapore Air Force
Republic of Singapore Navy
Spain
Spanish Air Force
Spanish Navy
Republic of China
Republic of China Air Force
Republic of China Navy
Thailand
Royal Thai Navy
Turkey
Turkish Air Force
Turkish Navy
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
Royal Navy
Royal Air Force
United States
United States Air Force
United States Navy
United States Coast Guard (retired)" |
|---|
|
| name | "In Service" |
|---|
| value | "1977-Present" |
|---|
|
| name | "Length" |
|---|
| value | "Air-launched: 12.6 ft (3.8 m); Surface- and submarine-launched: 15 ft (4.6 m)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Diameter" |
|---|
| value | "13.5 in (34 cm)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Wingspan" |
|---|
| value | "3 ft (0.91 m)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Weight" |
|---|
| value | "1,523 lb (691 kg) with booster" |
|---|
|
| name | "Warhead" |
|---|
| value | "488 pounds (221 kg)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Detonation Mechanism" |
|---|
| value | "Impact Fuze" |
|---|
|
| name | "Engine" |
|---|
| value | "Teledyne CAE J402 Turbojet/solid propellant booster for surface and submarine launch; greater than 600 pounds (greater than 272.2 kg) of thrust" |
|---|
|
| name | "Operational Range" |
|---|
| value | "in excess of 150 nmi (280 km) depending on launch platform" |
|---|
|
| name | "Flight Altitude" |
|---|
| value | "Sea-skimming" |
|---|
|
| name | "Speed" |
|---|
| value | "537 mph (864 km/h; 240 m/s; Mach 0.71)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Guidance System" |
|---|
| value | "Sea-skimming cruise monitored by radar altimeter / active radar terminal homing" |
|---|
|
| name | "Launch Platform" |
|---|
| value | "multi-platform:
RGM-84A surface-launched
AGM-84A air-launched
UGM-84A submarine-launched" |
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
|
|---|
|
|
|---|
| variants | | name | "Harpoon Block 1D" |
|---|
| notes | "This version featured a larger fuel tank and re-attack capability, but was not produced in large numbers because its intended mission (warfare with the Warsaw Pact countries of Eastern Europe) was considered to be unlikely following the Dissolution of the Soviet Union. Range is 278 kilometres (173 mi). Block 1D missiles were designated RGM/AGM-84F." |
|---|
|
| name | "SLAM ATA (Block 1G)" |
|---|
| notes | "This version, under development, gives the SLAM a re-attack capability, as well as an image comparison capability similar to the Tomahawk cruise missile; that is, the weapon can compare the target scene in front of it with an image stored in its on-board computer during terminal phase target acquisition and lock on (this is known as DSMAC). Block 1G missiles AGM/RGM/UGM-84G; the original SLAM-ER missiles were designated AGM-84H (2000-2002) and later ones the AGM-84K (2002 onwards)" |
|---|
|
| name | "Harpoon Block 1J" |
|---|
| notes | "Block 1J was a proposal for a further upgrade, AGM/RGM/UGM-84J Harpoon (or Harpoon 2000), for use against both ship and land targets." |
|---|
|
| name | "Harpoon Block II" |
|---|
| notes | "In production at Boeing facilities in Saint Charles, Missouri, is the Harpoon Block II, intended to offer an expanded engagement envelope, enhanced resistance to electronic countermeasures and improved targeting. Specifically, the Harpoon was initially designed as an open-ocean weapon. The Block II missiles continue progress begun with Block IE, and the Block II missile provides the Harpoon with a littoral-water anti-ship capability." |
|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|---|
| type | "WEG" |
|---|
| version | 1 |
|---|
