2S6 Tunguska Russian 30mm Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft System

tiers

false

true

false

categories

"WEG"

"Air Defense"

"Hybrid Missile Systems"

"Tier3"

notes

"Introduction The 2S6 Tunguska is a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun and SAM system of Soviet origin. It was developed in the 1970's as a more capable successor to the widely used ZSU-23-4 Shilka. The main role of the Tunguska is to protect armor and infantry units against helicopters and ground attack aircraft. The Tunguska was to be more than twice as effective in combat than its predecessor. Therefore it uses larger caliber projectiles and missiles were integrated later during the design. Layout The Tunguska has a somewhat similar layout as the German Gepard, which entered service with West Germany while the Tunguska was in development. The Tunguska is based on a tracked chassis. The turret is located in the front and the engine and drivetrain are located at the rear. A double barrel 2A38M autocannon is located on each side of the turret. Eight ready to launch surface to air missiles are fitted alongside the guns. Firepower The Tunguska is armed with both guns and missiles. The two twin barrel 2A38M autocannon fire 30mm projectiles. The combined cyclic rate of fire is about 5.000 rpm. The Tunguska can fire its guns on the move against aerial targets. The missiles can only be launched while halted. Sensor systems The Tunguska features a tracking radar at the front of the turret. At the rear of the turret the surveillance radar is located. When in use the radar rotates continuously. When on the move the surveillance radar is stowed behind the turret. The tracking radar can track targets up to an altitude of 3.5 km. The surveillance radar has a range of 18 km. Mobility The tracked chassis provides good mobility in the field. This allows it to keep up with the tracked combat vehicles it is meant to protect. The water-cooled V12 diesel engine provides up to 780 hp. The maximum speed is 65 km/h on roads."

dis

name	"2S6 AAA KAM"
string	"01.01.300.028.001.000.000"

images

"2s6_Tunguska(C).jpg"

"2s6_Tunguska(B).jpg"

"2S6_Tunguska(A).jpg"

sections

name

"System"

properties

name	"Alternative Designation"
value	"2S6 Tunguska"

name	"Date of Introduction"
value	"1982"

name	"Type"
value	"tracked self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon armed with a surface-to-air gun and missile system."

name

"Proliferation"

value

"Belarus: a number of 2S6 India: according to various data, from 20 to 92 2S6 units, as of 2012 Morocco: 12 complexes 2К22М1 as of 2012, according to Military Balance 2012, page 340 Myanmar Russia: more than 250 complexes 2К22 as of 2012, according to Military Balance 2012, page 193. 21 Tunguska-M1s were delivered in 2012-2017. Syria: 6 2S6М1 units delivered in 2008 Ukraine: 70 2S6 units as of 2012, according to Military Balance 2012, page 166 Yemen: a number of 2S6М1, as of 2005. According to Stockholm International Peace Research Institute neither supply nor licensed production of 2S6М1 in Yemen is made."

name	"In Service"
value	"1982-Present"

name	"Crew"
value	"4"
units	"ea"

name	"Chassis"
value	"GM-352M tracked vehicle"

name	"Displacement Time"
value	"INA"

name	"Emplacement Time"
value	"INA"

name

"Dimensions"

properties

name	"Length"
value	"7.93"
units	"m"

name	"Width"
value	"3.24"
units	"m"

name	"Height, TAR Up"
value	"4.02"
units	"m"

name	"Height, TAR Down"
value	"3.36"
units	"m"

name	"Weight, Combat"
value	"34.8"
units	"t"

name

"Automotive"

properties

name	"Engine Name"
value	"V-46"

name	"Engine Type"
value	"Diesel"

name	"Engine Power"
value	"780"
units	"hp"

name	"Cruising Range"
value	"580"
units	"km"

name	"Speed, Maximum Road"
value	"65"
units	"km/h"

name	"Speed, Average Cross"
value	"INA"

name	"Speed Maximum Swim"
value	"Not Amphibious"

name	"Gradient"
value	"60"
units	"%"

name	"Side Slope"
value	"30"
units	"%"

name	"Vertical Step"
value	"1 m"

name	"Trench"
value	"1 m"

name	"Fording Depth"
value	"1 m"

name

"Communications"

properties

name	"Tactical Radio"
value	"R-173"

name

"Main Weapon System"

sections

name

"System"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"Shipunov 2A38M"

name	"Type"
value	"Soviet/Russian 30 mm autocannon"

name	"Caliber"
value	"30"
units	"mm"

name	"Quantity"
value	"4 x Shipunov 2A38M 30mm Autocannon"

name	"Length"
value	"3.027"
units	"m"

name	"Barrel Length"
value	"2,416"
units	"mm"

name	"Barrels"
value	"1"
units	"ea"

name	"Weight"
value	"115"
units	"kg"

name	"Action"
value	"Gas-operated"

name	"Rate of Fire, Low"
value	"200 to 300 rds/min"

name	"Rate of Fire, High"
value	"550-800 rds/min"

name	"Maximum Effective Firing Range"
value	"4,000"
units	"m"

name	"Effective Firing Range"
value	"2,000"

name	"Feed System"
value	"Twin Feed"

name	"Reload Time"
value	"gun ammunition and missiles in about 16 min"

name	"Maximum Elevation"
value	"+87"
units	"deg"

name	"Minimum Elevation"
value	"-10"
units	"deg"

name	"Fire on the Move"
value	"Yes"

name

"Ammunition"

properties

name	"Type"
value	"Rifle, Autocannon"

name	"Caliber"
value	"30"
units	"mm"

name	"Cartridge"
value	"30 × 165"
units	"mm"

name	"Muzzle Velocity"
value	"960"
units	"m/s"

name	"Maximum Range"
value	"4,000"
units	"m"

name	"Minimum Range"
value	"200"
units	"m"

name	"Maximum Altitude"
value	"3,000"
units	"m"

name	"Basic Load"
value	"INA"

name	"Ammo Types"
value	"AP-T, Frag-T, HE-I"

name

"Missile System"

sections

name

"System"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"9M311 Missile"

name	"Type"
value	"Surface-to-Air Missile"

name	"Length"
value	"2,560 mm"

name	"Weight"
value	"57 kg"

name	"Warhead"
value	"Continuous-rod and steel cubes"

name	"Warhead Weight"
value	"9 kg"

name	"Basic Load"
value	"8 x 9M311 Missiles"

name	"Detonation Mechanism"
value	"Laser fuze (Radio fuze for 9M311-M1)"

name	"Propellant"
value	"Solid-fuel rocket"

name	"Operational Range"
value	"8 km"

name	"Flight Ceiling"
value	"3,500 m"

name	"Boost Time"
value	"2 stages: boost to 900 m/s, then sustained 600 m/s stage to range"

name	"Maximum Speed"
value	"900 m/s"

name	"Guidance Speed"
value	"Radio Command guidance"

name	"Steering System"
value	"rocket motor with four steerable control surfaces"

name	"Accuracy"
value	"5 m"

name

"Fire Control"

properties

name	"FCS Name"
value	"INA"

name	"Computerized FCS"
value	"Yes"

name	"IFF"
value	"Yes, IFF system (1RL138), operating in C-and D-band"

name	"Direct-view Optics (DVO)"
value	"Yes"

name

"Radar System"

sections

name

"Radar #1"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"1RL144 Radar"

name	"Type"
value	"Target Acquisition Radar (TAR)"

name	"Function"
value	"This radar provides primary search capability in addition to measurement of range and bearing"

name	"Frequency/Band"
value	"E-band"

name	"Maximum Range"
value	"20"
units	"km"

name	"Antenna Location"
value	"antenna is mounted at the rear of the turret and is folded down when not in use"

name	"Antenna Rotation"
value	"The antenna rotates at approximately 1 r/s, which gives a rapid update of the airspace around the 2S6M"

name	"Fan Beam"
value	"The TAR emits a fan beam covering 4.50 in azimuth and 150 in elevation. The beam is pointed at a constant elevation of 7.50 to permit detection of low-altitude targets."

name

"Radar #2"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"1RL144M"

name	"Type"
value	"Target Tracking Radar (TTR)"

name	"Function"
value	"The tracking radar constantly relays target range, elevation and bearing to the fire-control computer, and on the basis if these data the computer generated the laying commands for the weapon system."

name	"Frequency/Band"
value	"J-band"

name	"Maximum Range"
value	"18"
units	"km"

name	"Antenna Location"
value	"antenna is mounted at the front section of the turret and has two fundamental functions that depend on whether the guns or missiles are selected."

name	"Optical Sight"
value	"A stabilized optical sight is used as a back up tracking channel, allowing target data to be relayed to the fire-control computer. This sight is also used to calculate the deviation of a missile's flight path from the line-of-sight, these data being automatically relayed to the fire control computer and used to generate correction signals."

name	"Gun Engagement"
value	"During a gun engagement, the TTR functions as an automatic target tracker, feeding target position data to the fire-control computer."

name	"Missile Engagement"
value	"During missile engagement, the tracking radar locks onto the target and then lays the optical sight on the target. Subsequently the gunner assumes the target-tracking function with the electro-optic sight, and the radar is used for relaying guidance commands to the SA-19 missile."

properties

name	"Note"
value	"the HOT SHOT radar system, which consists of a surveillance radar with a maximum range of 18 km, and a tracking radar with a maximum range of 13 km"

name

"Protection"

properties

name

"Hull Armor"

value

"The armor protects the Tunguska from small arms fire and shell splinters. This allows the Tunguska to be used near the front line. However the Tunguska remains vulnerable to most kinds of direct fire. The standoff range of its missiles increases the survivability against combat helicopters with long range anti-tank missiles and ground attack aircraft. NBC protection and fire suppression systems are present."

name	"Applique Armor"
value	"INA"

name	"Explosive Reactive Armor"
value	"No"

name	"Active Protection System"
value	"No"

name	"Mine Clearing"
value	"No"

name	"Self-Entrenching Blade"
value	"No"

name	"NBC Protection"
value	"Yes"

name	"Smoke Equipment"
value	"INA"

variants

name	"2S6"
notes	"first version of the vehicle with four missiles, two either side of the turret."

name	"2S6M"
notes	"the production version with eight missiles"

name	"2S6M1"
notes	"digital interface Ranzhir automated command-and-control system, new fire control system, new missile 9M311M with a maximum range of 10 km. Existing 2S6M Tunguska will be gradually upgraded to the new standard."

type

"WEG"

version

1