71-CO-8513 OPFOR Break Contact

Status	Approved 25 Feb 2010
Effective Date:	11 Nov 2016
Task Number:	71-CO-8513
Task Title:	OPFOR Break Contact
Distribution Restriction:	Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Destruction Notice:	None
Foreign Disclosure: FD1 -	This training product has been reviewed by the training developers in coordination with the HQS TRADOC DCS G2 FDO foreign disclosure officer. This training product can be used to instruct international military students from all approved countries without restrictions.

Access the instructional content from a government system here: https://www.milsuite.mil/video/watch/newvideo/14037

Access the immersive content from a government system here: https://www.milsuite.mil/video/watch/newvideo/14546

Conditions

The OPFOR is conducting operations independently or as part of a larger element or force and receives an operation order (OPORD) or fragmentary order (FRAGORD) to conduct a specified course of action. The order includes all applicable overlays and/or graphics. Task organization provides the combat power capabilities to accomplish the task. The OPFOR has communications with higher, adjacent, subordinate, and supporting elements. Friendly force and enemy coalition forces, noncombatants, government agencies, nongovernment organizations, and local and international media may be in the operational environment (OE). The OPFOR is not constrained by standardized Rules of Engagement (ROE) and does not necessarily comply with international conventions or agreements on the conduct of warfare. Some iterations of this task should be performed in MOPP 4. This task should be trained under IED Threat conditions.

Standards

The OPFOR conducts break contact in accordance with (IAW) TC 7-100.2 and/or TC 7-100.3, the order, and/or higher commander's guidance. The OPFOR, IAW the mission order, fixes, bypasses and/or destroys the enemy. Stay-behind elements, on order, conduct varied follow-on tasks to the action on contact that can include but is not limited to surveillance, disrupt, delay, suppress, neutralize, defeat, and/or destroy. The OPFOR continues the mission.

NOTE

TADSS and Materiel Items quantities are based on an armor company headquarters with two armor platoons, one IFV platoon and one dismounted infantry platoon to replicate non-conventional threat. Adjust as needed based on the force size and type of unit used to replicate the OPFOR

NOTE

The Objective Task Evaluation Criteria Matrix is provided for reference only. Operational and Training Environments will be IW the BLUFOR Commanders training plan and guidance.

NOTE

Access the Virtual OPFOR Academy at https://tbr.army.mil for electronic copies of OPFOR doctrine, references, Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE), and instructional and immersive videos on conducting this task.

Live Fire Required

No

Objective Task Evaluation Criteria Matrix

Plan and Prepare			Execute						Assess
Operational Environment		Training Environment (L/V/C)	% of Leaders Present at Training/Authorized	% of Soldiers Present at	External Eval	% Performance Measures 'GO'	% Critical Performance Measures 'GO'	% Leader Performance Measures 'GO'	Task Assessment
BDE & Above
Dynamic and Complex (All OE Variables and Hybrid Threat)	Night	Operational Environment variables and OPFOR use of L/V/C are executed IAW BLUFOR	>=85%	>=80%	Yes	>=91%	All	>=90%	T
			75-84%			80-90%		80-89%	T-
Dynamic and Complex (All OE Variables and Single Threat)			65-74%	75-79%	No	65-79%			P
	Day		60-64%	60-74%		51-64%	<All	<=79%	P-
Dynamic and Complex (<All OE Variables and Single Threat)			<=59%	<=59%		<=50%			U

Remarks

None

Notes

None

Safety Risk

Low

Cue

None

DANGER: Safety briefings should alert users to the possibility of personal injury or damage to equipment that may result from long-term failure to follow correct procedures.
WARNING: Safety briefings should alert users to the possibility of immediate personal injury or damage to equipment.
CAUTION: None

Performance Steps and Measures

NOTE: Assess task proficiency using the task evaluation criteria matrix.

NOTE: Asterisks (*) indicate leader steps; plus signs (+) indicate critical steps.

STEP/MEASURE	GO	NO-GO	N/A
Plan
+ 1. Plan
+ a. Identify enemy element or force capabilities and limitations that may be encountered.
+ b. Identify mission objective and/or objectives.
+ c. Analyze action and enabling functions that must be performed to achieve mission success. Consider tasks to deceive, disrupt, suppress, neutralize, fix, contain, breach, defeat, and/or destroy.
+ d. Determine the functional tactics to be applied by action and enabling elements.
+ e. Anticipate forms of contact and identify means of retaining freedom of maneuver under those conditions.
+ f. Identify situational awareness and understanding requirements for collection and analysis.
+ g. Task-organize elements or forces for the mission by function IAW TC 7-100.2/TC 7-100.3.
+ h. Determine how and when functional elements act or enable action on contact, and/or transition to other tasks-subtasks.
Prepare
+ 2. Prepare
+ a. Provide situational understanding of the enemy and operational environment from current reconnaissance, surveillance, and intelligence reports.
+ b. Execute information warfare (INFOWAR) in support of break contact.
+ c. Report regular, periodic, and/or unexpected information updates in a timely manner to satisfy the commander’s critical information requirements and mission intent.
+ d. Coordinate the integration of available RISTA assets for continuous and overlapping coverage of designated areas, zones, routes, and/or special objectives in the AOR, and zone of reconnaissance responsibility (ZORR).
+ e. Conduct counterreconnaissance actions that prevent enemy situational understanding of OPFOR intentions and/or offensive actions.
+ f. Tailor element or force capabilities considering anticipated complex terrain, survivability measures, and camouflage, concealment, cover, and deception (C3D).
+ g. Conduct mission and task rehearsals of action and enabling elements-forces.
+ h. Confirm redundant command and control (C2) communication requirements and capabilities.
Execute
+ 3. Protect
+ a. Determine the form of contact (Direct Fire, Sensor collection, Obstacles, CBRN, Air, IDF, EW).
+ b. Take immediate steps to protect the unit from this form of contact or set of forms of contact.
+ c. Select alternate routes/assembly areas and positions.
+ d. Select routes and positions that make use of covering and concealing terrain.
+ e. Employ mobility and counter-mobility actions.
+ f. Employ man-made concealment and obscuration.
+ g. Employ deception.
+ 4. Retain Freedom to Maneuver
+ a. Reduce elements in contact to only security element(s).
+ b. Select one or more routes that permit continued maneuver out of contact while continuing the mission.
+ c. Fix and isolate enemy maneuver forces.
+ 5. Fix
+ a. Report contact and critical details of enemy location, disposition, composition, and assessment of enemy combat power in contact.
+ b. Report the commander’s assessment of the tactical situation, and whether or not making contact with the enemy constitutes a change in his OPFOR primary course of action.
+ c. Designate security elements making contact as fixing elements.
+ d. Prevent the enemy from moving any part of his force from a specific location for a specific period of time in order to prevent the enemy from influencing OPFOR courses of action.
+ e. Reinforce the fixing elements with minimum support necessary to sustain fix task.
+ f. Provide early warning of additional approaching enemy forces and prevent them from gaining further information on the OPFOR elements-forces not in contact.
+ 6. Isolate
+ a. Deny the enemy freedom of movement and maneuver along ground or air avenues of approach that can reinforce the enemy or interfere with friendly maneuver. As required—ambush, block, canalize, contain, delay, destroy, disrupt, fix, suppress, neutralize, interdict, and/or isolate.
+ b. Prevent the enemy from gaining further information of OPFOR intentions.

+ c. Position a reserve element for rapid movement-maneuver, on order of the OPFOR commander, to support the mission.
+ d. Conduct direct and indirect fires and information warfare (INFOWAR) to suppress and/or neutralize designated targets.
+ e. Employ continuous reconnaissance and surveillance with security elements in the AOR to sustain situational understanding and provide early warning of enemy activities that can influence the mission.
+ f. Employ continuous counterreconnaissance with security elements to destroy enemy reconnaissance elements and to prevent the enemy from obtaining situational understanding of OPFOR intentions.
+ g. Influence (deceive, degrade, disrupt, deny, and/or exploit) enemy tactical decisionmaking through information warfare (INFOWAR) technical and psychological capabilities.
+ h. Conduct undetected and sequenced movement by support elements through and/or into an area occupied by enemy elements in an AOR to occupy a direct fire and indirect fire position(s) in order to isolate designated elements of the enemy force.
+ 7. Assess and Report
+ a. Commander reports to the chain of command the form of contact he has made, critical details of its composition and his assessment.
+ 8. Continue Mission
+ a. Maneuver to avoid, bypass or destroy designated enemy in contact.
+ b. Continue rapid forward momentum of elements to assigned objective or objectives.
+ c. Report regular, periodic, and/or unexpected information updates in a timely manner to satisfy the commander’s critical information requirements and mission intent.
+ d. Inform follow-on elements of any situational countermobility obstacles emplaced during the mission route or axis of advance.
+ e. Coordinate for logistics linkup points for combat support (CS) and combat service support (CSS) in support of rapid offensive momentum and objectives.
+ f. Recommend if current tactical conditions require an adjustment to mission actions.
+ g. Report accomplishment of subsequent mission task or tasks.
Assess
+ 9. Performance Measures
+ a. To identify type(s) and source(s) of contact - (Time)
+ b. To select and implement appropriate protective measures - (Time)
+ c. Commander assesses and reports without main body being in contact - (Yes/No)
+ d. To report contact and tactical situation - (Time)
+ e. Enemy elements fixed and isolated from response support - (Yes/No)
+ f. To choose current mission or new course of action - (Time)
+ g. Correctness of initial assessment of enemy - (Percent)
+ h. OPFOR does not become decisively engaged - (Yes/No)
+ i. OPFOR available to continue mission - (Percent)
+ j. OPFOR available to continue mission - (Percent)
+ k. Stay-behind elements achieve mission tasks - (Yes/No)

TASK PERFORMANCE / EVALUATION SUMMARY BLOCK
ITERATION	1	2	3	4	5	M	TOTAL
TOTAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES EVALUATED
TOTAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES GO
TRAINING STATUS GO/NO-GO

ITERATION

1 2 3 4 5 M

COMMANDER/LEADER ASSESSMENT

T P U

Mission(s) supported:

None

MOPP 4

Sometimes

MOPP 4 Statement

OPFOR will conduct operations in an NBC environment based on the training objectives established by the BLUFOR Commander.

NVG

Sometimes

NVG Statement

OPFOR will conduct night time operations based on the training objectives established by the BLUFOR Commander.

Prerequisite Collective Task(s)

None

Supporting Collective Task(s)

None

OPFOR Task(s)

None

Supporting Individual Task(s)

None

Supporting Drill(s)

None

Supported AUTL/UJTL Task(s)

None

TADSS

TADSS ID	Title	Product Type	Quantity
23-106	Instrumentable Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (I-MILES) Tactical Vehicle System (TVS)	DVC	18
23-22	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M249 Squad Automatic Weapon Kit	DVC	6
23-67	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System Individual Weapons System (MILES IWS) M16/M4 Rifle Kit, Instrumental	DVC	113
L 30-06M-FSH	OPFOR Uniforms MED	TA	69
L 30-06S-FSH	OPFOR Uniforms Small	TA	33
23-23	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M24/M40 Sniper Weapon System Kit	DVC	6
23-95	M2A2/M3A3 Bradley Fighting Vehicle, (MILES XXI)	DVC	8
23-96	M1A1/A2/System Enhanced Package (SEP) Tank, (MILES XXI)	DVC	10
23-102/B	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES), (SLM), RPG7 VISMOD	DVC	10
T 20-005	RPG7 Anti Grenade Launcher with Round	DVC	10
T 20-008	PM-50 Pistol	DVC	2
T 20-018	SVD Sniper Rifle	DVC	2
T 07-115	Machine Gun, PKM	DVC	0
T 07-116	Pistol, Makarov, Plastic	DVC	0
T 07-117	Pistol, Tokarev	DVC	0
L 20-STAR-L	OPFOR Vehicle Marker (Large)	TA	40
23-92	Main Gun Signature Simulator (MGSS) (MILES 2000)	DVC	10
T 20-006	AK-47 Assault Rifle Model	DVC	16
23-25	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M240 Machine Gun Kit	DVC	10
T 20-007	RPK Squad Machine Gun	DVC	2
L 20-STAR-S	OPFOR Vehicle Marker (Star) SM	TA	36
23-26	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M2 Machine Gun Kit	DVC	18
L 30-06L-FSH	OPFOR Uniforms Large	TA	33
23-85	Soft Cap Man Worn Laser Detector (MWLD) (MILES) PR0 Model	DVC	153
23-94	MILES XXI (STRYKER) Common Kit	DVC	0
GTA 08-11-014	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES) Casualty Cards	GTA	6
L 20-STAR-M	OPFOR Vehicle Marker (Star) Med	TA	6

Equipment (LIN)

LIN	Nomenclature	Qty
No equipment specified

Materiel Items (NSN)

NSN	LIN	Title	Qty
1005-21-912-8997		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition: M249 SAW	6
1005-01-480-0289		Chamber, Blank Firing: Machine Gun, 7.62MM, M240B	8
1005-00-118-6192		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition: Rifle, 5.56 MM, M16, M16A1	42
1305-00-166-6371		Cartridge, 7.62 Millimeter Blank, Linked: M82 (DODIC:A111)	1600
1330-00-289-6851	J77626	Grenade, Hand Green Smoke: M18	6
1330-00-219-8511	J79681	Grenade, Hand, HC Smoke: AN-M8 (DODIC:G930)	12
1370-00-752-8124	T56265	Simulator, Hand Grenade: M116A1 (DODIC:L601)	108
1330-00-289-6854	J79955	Grenade, Hand, Yellow Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G945)	6
1330-00-289-6853	J79818	Grenade, Hand, Violet Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G955)	6
1305-00-005-8005		Cartridge, 5.56 Millimeter Blank, Single Round: M200 (DODIC:A080)	8400
1305-01-078-4879	D31944	Cartridge, Caliber .50 Blank: M1E1 (DODIC:A598)	2000
1305-00-008-8894		Cartridge, 7.62 Millimeter Blank, Single Round: M82 (DODIC:A112)	320
1330-00-289-6852	J79133	Grenade, Hand, Red Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G950)	6
1005-00-893-0902		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition, M14 Rifle	6
1005-01-091-7510	F87237	Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunitin: M19 for Caliber .50 M2 Machine Gun	10

Environment

Environmental protection is not just the law but the right thing to do. It is a continual process and starts with deliberate planning. Always be alert to ways to protect our environment during training and missions. In doing so, you will contribute to the sustainment of our training resources while protecting people and the environment from harmful effects. Refer to the current Environmental Considerations manual and the current GTA Environmental-related Risk Assessment card. Consult range control office for specific environmental considerations for the training area(s) being used.

Safety

In a training environment, leaders must perform a risk assessment in accordance with ATP 5-19, Risk Management. Leaders will complete the current Deliberate Risk Assessment Worksheet in accordance with the TRADOC Safety Officer during the planning and completion of each task and sub-task by assessing mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available and civil considerations, (METT-TC). Note: During MOPP training, leaders must ensure personnel are monitored for potential heat injury. Local policies and procedures must be followed during times of increased heat category in order to avoid heat related injury. Consider the MOPP work/rest cycles and water replacement guidelines IAW FM 3-11.4, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Protection, FM 3-11.5, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Decontamination.

Supporting References

Step Number	Reference ID	Reference Name	Required	Primary
	TC 7-100	Hybrid Threat	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.2	Opposing Force Tactics	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.3	Irregular Opposing Forces https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/d r_aa/pdf/tc7_100x3.pdf	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.4	Hybrid Threat Force Structure Organization Guide	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-101	Exercise Design	Yes	Yes