tiers | |
---|
categories | "WEG" |
"Air Defense" |
"Radar Guided Missile Systems" |
"Short-Range Missile Systems (Less than 25 km)" |
"Russia (RUS)" |
"PRO_Algeria" |
"PRO_Angola" |
"PRO_Armenia" |
"PRO_Bosnia and Herzegovina" |
"PRO_Bulgaria" |
"PRO_Cuba" |
"PRO_Czech Republic" |
"PRO_Egypt" |
"PRO_Ethiopia" |
"PRO_Hungary" |
"PRO_India" |
"PRO_Iran (Islamic Republic of)" |
"PRO_Kazakhstan" |
"PRO_Libya" |
"PRO_Myanmar" |
"PRO_North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)" |
"PRO_Poland" |
"PRO_Romania" |
"PRO_Russian Federation" |
"PRO_Serbia" |
"PRO_Slovakia" |
"PRO_Syria" |
"PRO_Tanzania" |
"PRO_Turkmenistan" |
"PRO_Ukraine" |
"PRO_Viet Nam" |
"PRO_Yemen" |
"Air" |
"Tier4" |
|
---|
notes | "The 2K12 "Kub" (NATO reporting name: SA-6 "Gainful") mobile surface-to-air missile system is a Soviet low to medium-level air defense system designed to protect ground forces from air attack. "2К12" is the GRAU designation of the system.
Each 2K12 battery consists of a number of similar tracked vehicles, one of which carries the 1S91 (SURN vehicle, NATO designation "Straight Flush") 25 kW G/H band radar (with a range of 75 km (47 mi)) equipped with a continuous wave illuminator, in addition to an optical sight. The battery usually also includes four triple-missile transporter erector launchers (TELs), and four trucks, each carrying three spare missiles and a crane. The TEL is based on a GM-578 chassis, while the 1S91 radar vehicle is based on a GM-568 chassis, all developed and produced by MMZ.
The 2K12 system shares many components with the 2K11 Krug (SA-4) system. In many ways they are designed to complement each other; 2K11 is effective at long ranges and high altitudes, 2K12 at medium ranges and intermediate altitudes.
The system is able to acquire and begin tracking targets using the 1S91 "Самоходная установка разведки и наведения" (SPRGU - "Self-propelled Reconnaissance and Guidance Unit" / NATO: "Straight Flush" radar) at 75 km (47 mi) and begin illumination and guidance at 28 km (17 mi). IFF is also performed using this radar. It can only guide one or two missiles to a single target at any time. The missile is initially command guided with terminal semi-active radar homing (SARH), with target illumination provided by the "Straight Flush" radar. Detonation is via either the impact or proximity fuze. On the latest models, this vehicle is also fitted with an optical tracking system which allows engagement without the use of the radar (for active RF emissions stealth reasons, or due to heavy ECM jamming) in which case the effective altitude is limited to 14 km/46000 ft. The optical tracking method also allows engagements to altitudes below that where the radar is able to track targets. The maximum target speed is around Mach 2 for head-on engagements and Mach 1 for tail-chase engagements. The top speed of the missile is approximately Mach 2.8.
In contrast to the elaborate Patriot missile or even the simpler Hawk system fielded by US forces, most of the system rides on two tracked self-propelled vehicles, rather than towed or mounted on trucks, and either the launcher or control vehicle can be set to launch in only 15 minutes after changing location." |
---|
dateOfIntroduction | 1967 |
---|
countryOfOrigin | "Russia (RUS)" |
---|
proliferation | "Algeria, Angola, Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Cuba, Czech Republic, Egypt, Ethiopia, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Kazakhstan, Libya, Myanmar, North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea), Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Syria, Tanzania, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Viet Nam, Yemen" |
---|
selectedregions | |
---|
checkedregions | |
---|
checkedcountries | "Algeria" |
"Angola" |
"Armenia" |
"Bosnia and Herzegovina" |
"Bulgaria" |
"Cuba" |
"Czech Republic" |
"Egypt" |
"Ethiopia" |
"Hungary" |
"India" |
"Iran (Islamic Republic of)" |
"Kazakhstan" |
"Libya" |
"Myanmar" |
"North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)" |
"Poland" |
"Romania" |
"Russian Federation" |
"Serbia" |
"Slovakia" |
"Syria" |
"Tanzania" |
"Turkmenistan" |
"Ukraine" |
"Viet Nam" |
"Yemen" |
|
---|
dis | name | "SA 6 TEL" |
---|
string | "01.01.222.028.006.002.000" |
---|
|
---|
images | "Kub_(C).jpg" |
"Kub_(B).jpg" |
"Kub_(A).jpg" |
|
---|
sections | name | "System" |
---|
properties | name | "Alternative Designations" |
---|
value | "2K12 Kub; SA-6 Gainful" |
---|
|
name | "Type" |
---|
value | "Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system" |
---|
|
name | "Manufactuer" |
---|
value | "Ulyanovsk Mechanical Plant (SURNs)
ZiK (TELs)
Still in Service in over 25 countries through Russia, Africa, and Asia." |
---|
|
name | "Target" |
---|
value | "Low to medium altitude FW and heli for SA-6a. FW, heli, CM for SA-6b FW, heli, TBM, CM, UAV, and ground targets for SA-6b/Kvadrat-M4." |
---|
|
name | "In Service" |
---|
value | "1960-Present" |
---|
|
name | "Chassis" |
---|
value | "Modified PT-76" |
---|
|
name | "Launch Vehicle" |
---|
value | "2P25 SPU Launch Vehicle" |
---|
|
name | "Crew" |
---|
value | "3" |
---|
units | "ea" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Dimensions" |
---|
properties | name | "Length, Hull" |
---|
value | "6.79" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Length, with Missiles" |
---|
value | "7.39" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Height, Hull Top" |
---|
value | "1.80" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Height, with Missiles" |
---|
value | "3.45" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Width" |
---|
value | "3.18" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Tracks Length on the Ground" |
---|
value | "3.80" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Track Width" |
---|
value | "0.36" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Ground Clearance" |
---|
value | "0.40" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Combat Weight" |
---|
value | "14,000" |
---|
units | "kg" |
---|
|
name | "Ground Pressure" |
---|
value | "0.48 kg/cm sq" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Automotive" |
---|
properties | name | "Engine Name" |
---|
value | "Model V-6R" |
---|
|
name | "Engine Type" |
---|
value | "Water-cooled, in-line 6-cylinder diesel" |
---|
|
name | "Engine Power" |
---|
value | "240 hp at 1,800 rpm" |
---|
|
name | "Power-to-weight ratio" |
---|
value | "17.14 hp/metric ton" |
---|
|
name | "Fuel Capacity" |
---|
value | "250 Liters" |
---|
|
name | "Suspension" |
---|
value | "torsion bar, 6 road wheels, rear drive, front idler, two hydraulic shock absorbers, no return rollers" |
---|
|
name | "Transmission" |
---|
value | "manual, 5 forward and 1 reverse gears" |
---|
|
name | "Electrical system" |
---|
value | "24 v" |
---|
|
name | "Batteries" |
---|
value | "2 x 12 v, 100 Ah (for vehicle)" |
---|
|
name | "Maximum Speed" |
---|
value | "44" |
---|
units | "km/h" |
---|
|
name | "Maximum Range, Road" |
---|
value | "260" |
---|
units | "km/h" |
---|
|
name | "Vertical Obstacle" |
---|
value | "1.00" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Trench" |
---|
value | "2.50" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
name | "Gradient" |
---|
value | "60" |
---|
units | "%" |
---|
|
name | "Side Slope" |
---|
value | "30" |
---|
units | "%" |
---|
|
name | "Fording" |
---|
value | "1.10" |
---|
units | "m" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Communications" |
---|
properties | name | "Tactical Radio" |
---|
value | "Depends on which country the SA-6 is operating in." |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Armament" |
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sections | name | "Missile (Option 1)" |
---|
properties | |
name | "Missiles per TEL" |
---|
value | "3 x Kub-M1 Missiles" |
---|
|
name | "Guidance System" |
---|
value | "semi-active radar homing" |
---|
|
name | "Engagement Range" |
---|
value | "4–23 km" |
---|
|
name | "Missile Weight" |
---|
value | "630 kg" |
---|
|
name | "Engagement Altitude" |
---|
value | "80–8,000 m" |
---|
|
name | "Missile Speed" |
---|
value | "Mach 1.75" |
---|
|
name | "Maximum Target Speed" |
---|
value | "Mach 1.75" |
---|
|
name | "Response Time" |
---|
value | "22–24" |
---|
units | "sec" |
---|
|
name | "Deployment Time" |
---|
value | "5" |
---|
units | "Min" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Missile (Option 2)" |
---|
properties | |
name | "Missiles per TEL" |
---|
value | "3 x Kub-M3 Missiles" |
---|
|
name | "Guidance System" |
---|
value | "semi-active radar homing" |
---|
|
name | "Engagement Range" |
---|
value | "4–25 km" |
---|
|
name | "Engagement Altitude" |
---|
value | "20–8,000 m" |
---|
|
name | "Missile Speed" |
---|
value | "Mach 2" |
---|
|
name | "Maximum Target Speed" |
---|
value | "Mach 1.75" |
---|
|
name | "Response Time" |
---|
value | "22–24" |
---|
units | "sec" |
---|
|
name | "Missile Weight" |
---|
value | "630 kg" |
---|
|
name | "Deployment Time" |
---|
value | "5" |
---|
units | "min" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Missile (Option 3)" |
---|
properties | |
name | "Missiles per TEL" |
---|
value | "3 x Kub-M4 Missiles" |
---|
|
name | "Guidance System" |
---|
value | "semi-active radar homing" |
---|
|
name | "Engagement Range" |
---|
value | "4–24 km" |
---|
|
name | "Engagement Altitude" |
---|
value | "30–14,000 m" |
---|
|
name | "Missile Speed" |
---|
value | "Mach 2" |
---|
|
name | "Maximum Target Speed" |
---|
value | "Mach 1.75" |
---|
|
name | "Response Time" |
---|
value | "24" |
---|
units | "sec" |
---|
|
name | "Deployment Time" |
---|
value | "5" |
---|
units | "min" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
|
---|
properties | name | "Launcher" |
---|
value | "2P25 SPU Launch Vehicle" |
---|
|
name | "Name" |
---|
value | "Kub-M3/3M9M3" |
---|
|
name | "Reaction Time" |
---|
value | "22-24" |
---|
units | "sec" |
---|
|
name | "Time Between Launches" |
---|
value | "INA" |
---|
|
name | "Reload Time" |
---|
value | "10 min" |
---|
|
name | "Fire on Move" |
---|
value | "No" |
---|
|
name | "Simultaneous targets launcher" |
---|
value | "1" |
---|
units | "ea" |
---|
|
name | "Simultaneous targets battery" |
---|
value | "1" |
---|
units | "ea" |
---|
|
name | "Simultaneous missiles battery" |
---|
value | "1-4" |
---|
units | "ea" |
---|
|
name | "Emplacement Time" |
---|
value | "5 min or less" |
---|
|
name | "Displacement Time" |
---|
value | "15 min for a battery" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Fire Control" |
---|
properties | |
name | "Computerized FCS" |
---|
value | "Yes" |
---|
|
name | "EO sighting system" |
---|
value | "TV" |
---|
|
name | "Commander and driver" |
---|
value | "IR" |
---|
|
name | "IFF" |
---|
value | "Pulse-doppler" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Radar Vehicle" |
---|
sections | name | "Additional Radar Systems Available" |
---|
properties | name | "Note" |
---|
value | "The 2K12 can also be used at a regimental level, if used as such it can be accompanied by a number of additional radar systems for extended air search at longer range and lower altitude, to supplement the 1S91 "Straight Flush". These systems include the:
P-12 "Spoon Rest", a VHF early warning radar (also used by the SA-2), with a 200 kilometres (120 mi) range.
P-40 "Long Track", an E band early warning radar (also used by the SA-4 and SA-8), with a 370 kilometres (230 mi) range.
P-15 "Flat Face A", a UHF early warning radar (also used by the SA-3, with a 150 kilometres (93 mi) range.
"Thin Skin" or "Side Net" E band height finding radar (also used by the SA-2, SA-4 and SA-5, range 240 km/148 miles)
"Score Board" IFF radar
The "Spoon Rest" and "Thin Skin" are mounted on a truck, "Long Track" on a tracked vehicle (a modified AT-T) and "Flat Face" on a van. It is unknown what kind of mounting the "Score Board" has.
Without the P-40 "Long Track" mobile radar vehicle, the 2K12 is unable to track aircraft at high altitudes." |
---|
|
|
---|
|
|
---|
properties | name | "Name" |
---|
value | "SURN 1S91 "Straight Flush" Radar" |
---|
|
name | "Type" |
---|
value | "Fire control and guidance radar associated with surface-to-air „Kub“ (kyrillisch: Куб; english: cube, NATO-Bezeichnung: SA-5 Gammon) missile system." |
---|
|
name | "Band" |
---|
value | "It is operating in C-Band surveillance and aquisition radar, combined with an operating in I-Band tracking and illuminating radar." |
---|
|
name | "Peak Power" |
---|
value | "600 kW" |
---|
|
name | "Maximum Range" |
---|
value | "75" |
---|
units | "km" |
---|
|
name | "Beamwidth" |
---|
value | "1" |
---|
units | "deg" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
name | "Protection" |
---|
properties | name | "Hull Armor Type" |
---|
value | "The SA-6 vehicle is based to the ZSU-23-4 self-propelled air defence system and the ASU-85 self-propelled anti-tank gun. The transporter vehicle is made of all-welded steel with the crew compartment at the front, missiles on the turntable immediately behind the crew compartment and the engine at the rear." |
---|
|
name | "Turret Armor" |
---|
value | "INA" |
---|
|
name | "Applique Armor" |
---|
value | "No" |
---|
|
name | "Explosive Reactive Armor" |
---|
value | "No" |
---|
|
name | "Active Protection System" |
---|
value | "INA" |
---|
|
name | "Mine Clearing" |
---|
value | "No" |
---|
|
name | "Self-Entrenching Blade" |
---|
value | "No" |
---|
|
name | "NBC Protection" |
---|
value | "Yes, collective overpressure and filtration" |
---|
|
name | "Smoke Protection" |
---|
value | "INA" |
---|
|
|
---|
|
|
---|
variants | name | "2K12 Kub" |
---|
notes | "The 2K12 Kub (NATO: SA-6 Gainful) was the baseline variant of the Kub family of medium-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) systems." |
---|
|
name | "2K12M Kub-M" |
---|
notes | "This is a slightly modernised variant of the Kub, which completed development in 1968, a year after the baseline variant of the Kub entered service." |
---|
|
name | "2K12E Kvadrat" |
---|
notes | "The Kvadrat is an export variant of the 2K12M Kub-M and was developed in 1971. It featured improvements to make it more suited to operation in tropical climates, and featured changes to the ECM protection system and the IFF system." |
---|
|
name | "2K12M1 Kub-M1" |
---|
notes | "This is a modernised variant of the Kub, which was accepted into service with the Russian armed forces in January 1973." |
---|
|
name | "2K12M3 Kub-M3" |
---|
notes | "The Kub-M3 is a modernised variant of the Kub complex, and was accepted into service with the Soviet armed forces in 1976." |
---|
|
name | "2K12M3S Kub-M3S" |
---|
notes | "This was a variant of the Kub-M3 which is very similar in terms of capabilities, but was also provided with additional jamming resistance against some forms of EW." |
---|
|
name | "2K12 Kub-M4" |
---|
notes | "The Kub-M4 was a hybrid system which uses both Kub and Buk elements, and was implemented to speed along the development of the 9K37 Buk." |
---|
|
name | "2K12M3A Kub-M3A" |
---|
notes | "This was a modernised variant of the Kub-M3 which was capable of launching the more modern 3M9M4 missile." |
---|
|
name | "Yugoimport 2K12M2 Kub-M2" |
---|
notes | "The Kub-M2 is an upgraded variant of the Kub-M which was demonstrated by Serbia and on 23 November 2012, and is thought to have entered service." |
---|
|
name | "Akash" |
---|
notes | "This is an Indian modernised variant of the Kub, using a large number of indigenously-developed system components. It is known to have entered service with the Indian armed forces in 2014." |
---|
|
name | "2K12-2D Kvadrat-2D" |
---|
notes | "This was a modernised variant of the Kvadrat which underwent many improvements to the radar and vehicle mission systems." |
---|
|
name | "Kvadrat-MA" |
---|
notes | "The Kvadrat-MA is a deeply modernised variant of the 2K12E Kvadrat offered by Belarus, using locally-developed components." |
---|
|
|
---|
type | "WEG" |
---|
version | 1 |
---|