71-CO-8508 OPFOR All Arms Air Defense

Status	Approved 25 Feb 2010
Effective Date:	11 Nov 2016
Task Number:	71-CO-8508
Task Title:	OPFOR All Arms Air Defense
Distribution Restriction:	Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Destruction Notice:	None
Foreign Disclosure: FD1 -	This training product has been reviewed by the training developers in coordination with the HQS TRADOC DCS G2 FDO foreign disclosure officer. This training product can be used to instruct international military students from all approved countries without restrictions.

Access the instructional content from a government system here: https://www.milsuite.mil/video/watch/newvideo/13647

Access the immersive content from a government system here: https://www.milsuite.mil/video/watch/newvideo/14298

Conditions

The OPFOR is conducting operations independently or as part of a larger element or force and receives an operation order (OPORD) or fragmentary order (FRAGORD) to conduct a mission at a location and time specified. The order includes all applicable overlays and/or graphics. Task organization provides the combat power capabilities to accomplish the task. The OPFOR has communications with higher, adjacent, subordinate, and supporting elements. Friendly force and enemy coalition forces, noncombatants, government agencies, nongovernment organizations, and local and international media may be in the operational environment (OE). The OPFOR is not constrained by standardized rules of engagement (ROE) and does not necessarily comply with international conventions or agreements on the conduct of warfare. Some iterations of this task should be performed in MOPP 4. This task should be trained under IED Threat conditions.

Standards

The OPFOR conducts complex battle position (CBP) actions in accordance with (IAW) TC 7-100.2 and/or TC 7-100.3, the order, and/or higher commander's guidance. The OPFOR, IAW the mission order, conducts reconnaissance and/or surveillance to accomplish the commander s security requirements and CBP mission tasks. Stay-behind elements, on order, conduct varied follow-on tasks that can include but is not limited to reconnaissance and surveillance, and coordination to disrupt, delay, suppress, neutralize, defeat, and/or destroy designated enemy elements and/or capabilities. The OPFOR continues the mission.

NOTE

TADSS and Materiel Items quantities are based on an armor company headquarters with two armor platoons, one IFV platoon and one dismounted infantry platoon to replicate non-conventional threat. Adjust as needed based on the force size and type of unit used to replicate the OPFOR.

NOTE

The Objective Task Evaluation Criteria Matrix is provided for reference only. Operational and Training Environments will be IAW the BLUFOR Commanders training plan and guidance.

NOTE

Access the Virtual OPFOR Academy at https://tbr.army.mil for electronic copies of OPFOR doctrine, references, Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE), and instructional and immersive videos on conducting this task.

Live Fire Required

No

Objective Task Evaluation Criteria Matrix

Plan and Prepare			Execute						Assess
Operational Environment		Training Environment (L/V/C)	% of Leaders Present at Training/Authorized	% of Soldiers Present at	External Eval	% Performance Measures 'GO'	% Critical Performance Measures 'GO'	% Leader Performance Measures 'GO'	Task Assessment
BDE & Above
Dynamic and Complex (All OE Variables and Hybrid Threat)	Night	Operational Environment variables and OPFOR use of L/V/C are executed IAW BLUFOR	>=85%	>=80%	Yes	>=91%	All	>=90%	T
			75-84%			80-90%		80-89%	T-
Dynamic and Complex (All OE Variables and Single Threat)			65-74%	75-79%	No	65-79%			P
	Day		60-64%	60-74%		51-64%	<All	<=79%	P-
Dynamic and Complex (<All OE Variables and Single Threat)			<=59%	<=59%		<=50%			U

Remarks

None

Notes

None

Safety Risk

Low

Cue

None

DANGER: Safety briefings should alert users to the possibility of personal injury or damage to equipment that may result from long-term failure to follow correct procedures.
WARNING: Safety briefings should alert users to the possibility of immediate personal injury or damage to equipment.
CAUTION: None

Performance Steps and Measures

NOTE: Assess task proficiency using the task evaluation criteria matrix.

NOTE: Asterisks (*) indicate leader steps; plus signs (+) indicate critical steps.

STEP/MEASURE	GO	NO-GO	N/A
Plan
+ 1. Plan
+ a. Identify situational awareness and understanding requirements for air defense collection and analysis.
+ b. Collect current information on enemy element-force capabilities and limitations and operational environment information to be obtained or confirmed.
+ c. Identify locations or predict enemy airfields; forward arming and refueling points (FARPs); drop, landing, and pickup zones (DZ/LZ/PZ); and helicopter firing positions in the OPFOR unit or organization area of responsibility (AOR) and zone of reconnaissance responsibility (ZORR).
+ d. Identify locations or predict enemy probable or possible air avenues of approach, air infiltration routes, and/or air routes into and throughout the OPFOR area of responsibility (AOR).
+ e. Identify OPFOR elements and/or forces to be protected as point and/or area air defense in tactical sectors.
+ f. State priorities of air defense support to the mission.
+ g. Determine decision points for simultaneous, sequential, or selected engagement by OPFOR air defense systems:
(1) In enemy air avenue or route and before entering the airspace over OPFOR ground maneuver forces within an AOR.
(2) In the airspace above OPFOR battle positions and/or designated point or area locations for air defense.
+ h. Analyze action and enabling functions that must be performed to achieve drill success. Consider the requirements for air defense of possible follow-on tasks to deceive, disrupt, suppress, fix, contain, breach, defeat, and/or destroy.
+ i. Identify affiliated forces such as insurgent organizations, guerrilla units, criminal organizations, and/or coerced or willing relevant population that can perform air defense warning and/or air defense functions.
+ j. Determine the functional tactics to be applied by action and enabling elements.
+ k. Plan for mutually supporting and overlapping air defense coverage to air defense priorities of support to the mission.
+ l. Task-organize elements-forces for the AAAD drill by function IAW TC 7-100.2/TC 7-100.3.
Prepare
+ 2. Prepare
+ a. Evaluate ongoing reconnaissance, surveillance, and intelligence update reports to provide situational understanding of the enemy and operational environment required for success.
+ b. Coordinate the integration of available RISTA assets for continuous and overlapping coverage of designated areas, aerial zones and sectors, routes, and/or special objectives in the AOR, and zone of reconnaissance responsibility (ZORR).
+ c. Confirm mutually supporting and overlapping dedicated air defense systems coverage to air defense priorities of support to the mission.
+ d. Coordinate direct and indirect fires into integrated air defense at tactical echelon maneuver unit.
+ e. Coordinate and emplace selected countermobility obstacles in conjunction with concealment, camouflage, and deception (C3D) actions.
+ f. Confirm how and when functional elements act or enable to achieve the designated effects on an enemy aerial element and/or force, and/or transition to other tasks-subtasks.
+ g. Confirm communications requirements and capabilities.
+ h. Conduct air defense mission and drill rehearsals.
+ i. Conduct rehearsals of ROE changes and command and control acknowledgement procedures.
+ j. Execute information warfare (INFOWAR).
Execute
+ 3. Execute All Arms Defense
+ a. Detect and track enemy air asset approach into unit-organization AOR.
+ b. Report enemy aircraft by type, number of aircraft, direction of movement or maneuver, and other situational information for in predicted enemy locations (PELs), reference zones (RZs), or kill zones.
+ c. Confirm any restrictions to OPFOR AAAD rules of engagement.
+ d. Engage enemy aircraft with appropriate weapon systems and in accordance with the unit air defense rehearsals for simultaneous, sequential, or selective fires and/or INFOWAR.
+ e. Maintain observation and/or technical sensor contact with enemy aircraft to confirm AAAD effects.
+ f. Observe for additional and/or successive enemy aircraft in AOR.
+ g. Coordinate with counterreconnaissance elements-forces in order to deceive, disrupt, delay, fix, suppress, neutralize, defeat, and/or destroy enemy ground and aerial security or response elements to the OPFOR air defense.

+ 4. Report
+ a. Report AAAD effects to enemy aircraft.
+ b. Report enemy aircraft effects on OPFOR area or point locations.
+ c. Determine if current tactical conditions require an adjustment to the AAAD concept of operations support.
+ d. Influence (deceive, degrade, disrupt, deny, and/or exploit) enemy tactical decisionmaking before and during execution of the air defense through coordination for information warfare (INFOWAR) technical and psychological capabilities.
+ e. Report regular, periodic, and/or unexpected information updates in a timely manner to satisfy the commander’s air defense information requirements.
+ f. Execute tasks with stay-behind or security elements, when required, that can include but is not limited to: surveillance, disrupt, delay, suppress, neutralize, defend, defeat, and/or destroy tasks.
+ g. Report reorganization and combat effectiveness of dedicated air defense elements and other elements–forces providing AAAD capabilities.
+ 5. Continue the Mission
+ a. Continue air defense of assigned area and point objectives.
+ b. Report regular, periodic, and/or unexpected information updates in a timely manner to satisfy the commander’s critical information requirements and mission intent.
+ c. Recommend if mission task requires adjustment.
+ d. Coordinate logistics linkup for combat support (CS) and combat service support (CSS) to replenish ammunition and other sustainment actions.
+ e. Recommend if current tactical conditions require an adjustment to mission actions.
+ f. Report accomplishment of subsequent mission task or tasks.
Assess
+ 6. Performance Measures
+ a. Know probable-possible enemy air threat types - (Yes/No)
+ b. Identify air avenues-routes-sectors-zones - (Yes/No)
+ c. State air defense priorities of support - (Yes/No)
+ d. State AAAD rules of engagement - (Yes/No)
+ e. Integrate RISTA elements into air defense - (Yes/No)
+ f. Integrate affiliated elements-forces into air defense - (Yes/No)
+ g. Integrate maneuver elements-forces into AAAD - (Yes/No)
+ h. Provide mutual support and overlapping coverage - (Yes/No)
+ i. Assess use of aerial countermobility obstacles - (Yes/No)
+ j. Confirm AAAD decision points and control status - (Yes/No)
+ k. Provide early warning of enemy aircraft approach - (Time)
+ l. Engage enemy aircraft effectively with AAAD - (Time)
+ m. Report enemy aircraft destroyed and deterred - (Number)
+ n. Report enemy aircraft to penetrate OPFOR zone - (Number)
+ o. Tally of aircraft destroyed from known aircraft in zone - (Percent)
+ p. Report dedicated air defense elements readiness - (Yes/No)
+ q. Recommend if mission task requires adjustment - (Yes/No)
+ r. Elements achieve mission task-drill - (Yes/No)

TASK PERFORMANCE / EVALUATION SUMMARY BLOCK
ITERATION	1	2	3	4	5	M	TOTAL
TOTAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES EVALUATED
TOTAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES GO
TRAINING STATUS GO/NO-GO

ITERATION

1 2 3 4 5 M

COMMANDER/LEADER ASSESSMENT

T P U

Mission(s) supported:

None

MOPP 4

Sometimes

MOPP 4 Statement

OPFOR will conduct operations in an NBC environment based on the training objectives established by the BLUFOR Commander.

NVG

Sometimes

NVG Statement

OPFOR will conduct night time operations based on the training objectives established by the BLUFOR Commander.

Prerequisite Collective Task(s)

None

Supporting Collective Task(s)

None

OPFOR Task(s)

None

Supporting Individual Task(s)

None

Supporting Drill(s)

None

Supported AUTL/UJTL Task(s)

None

TADSS

TADSS ID	Title	Product Type	Quantity
23-95	M2A2/M3A3 Bradley Fighting Vehicle, (MILES XXI)	DVC	8
23-96	M1A1/A2/System Enhanced Package (SEP) Tank, (MILES XXI)	DVC	10
23-102/B	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES), (SLM), RPG7 VISMOD	DVC	10
T 20-007	RPK Squad Machine Gun	DVC	2
L 30-06S-FSH	OPFOR Uniforms Small	TA	33
L 30-06L-FSH	OPFOR Uniforms Large	TA	33
23-94	MILES XXI (STRYKER) Common Kit	DVC	0
T 20-005	RPG7 Anti Grenade Launcher with Round	DVC	10
T 20-006	AK-47 Assault Rifle Model	DVC	16
L 30-06M-FSH	OPFOR Uniforms MED	TA	69
23-22	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M249 Squad Automatic Weapon Kit	DVC	6
23-23	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M24/M40 Sniper Weapon System Kit	DVC	6
23-25	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M240 Machine Gun Kit	DVC	10
23-26	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M2 Machine Gun Kit	DVC	18
23-67	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System Individual Weapons System (MILES IWS) M16/M4 Rifle Kit, Instrumental	DVC	113
23-85	Soft Cap Man Worn Laser Detector (MWLD) (MILES) PR0 Model	DVC	153
23-92	Main Gun Signature Simulator (MGSS) (MILES 2000)	DVC	10
T 20-008	PM-50 Pistol	DVC	2
T 20-018	SVD Sniper Rifle	DVC	2
GTA 08-11-014	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES) Casualty Cards	GTA	6
L 20-STAR-S	OPFOR Vehicle Marker (Star) SM	TA	36
L 20-STAR-M	OPFOR Vehicle Marker (Star) Med	TA	6
L 20-STAR-L	OPFOR Vehicle Marker (Large)	TA	40
23-106	Instrumentable Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (I-MILES) Tactical Vehicle System (TVS)	DVC	18

Equipment (LIN)

LIN	Nomenclature	Qty
No equipment specified

Materiel Items (NSN)

NSN	LIN	Title	Qty
1305-00-166-6371		Cartridge, 7.62 Millimeter Blank, Linked: M82 (DODIC:A111)	1600
1330-00-289-6852	J79133	Grenade, Hand, Red Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G950)	6
1330-00-219-8511	J79681	Grenade, Hand, HC Smoke: AN-M8 (DODIC:G930)	12
1330-00-289-6853	J79818	Grenade, Hand, Violet Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G955)	6
1330-00-289-6854	J79955	Grenade, Hand, Yellow Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G945)	6
1305-00-008-8894		Cartridge, 7.62 Millimeter Blank, Single Round: M82 (DODIC:A112)	320
1330-00-289-6851	J77626	Grenade, Hand Green Smoke: M18	6
1005-00-893-0902		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition, M14 Rifle	6
1005-01-091-7510	F87237	Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunitin: M19 for Caliber .50 M2 Machine Gun	10
1305-01-078-4879	D31944	Cartridge, Caliber .50 Blank: M1E1 (DODIC:A598)	2000
1005-21-912-8997		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition: M249 SAW	6
1370-00-752-8124	T56265	Simulator, Hand Grenade: M116A1 (DODIC:L601)	108
1305-00-005-8005		Cartridge, 5.56 Millimeter Blank, Single Round: M200 (DODIC:A080)	8400
1005-00-118-6192		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition: Rifle, 5.56 MM, M16, M16A1	42
1005-01-480-0289		Chamber, Blank Firing: Machine Gun, 7.62MM, M240B	8

Environment

Environmental protection is not just the law but the right thing to do. It is a continual process and starts with deliberate planning. Always be alert to ways to protect our environment during training and missions. In doing so, you will contribute to the sustainment of our training resources while protecting people and the environment from harmful effects. Refer to the current Environmental Considerations manual and the current GTA Environmental-related Risk Assessment card. Consult range control office for specific environmental considerations for the training area(s) being used.

Safety

In a training environment, leaders must perform a risk assessment in accordance with ATP 5-19, Risk Management. Leaders will complete the current Deliberate Risk Assessment Worksheet in accordance with the TRADOC Safety Officer during the planning and completion of each task and sub-task by assessing mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available and civil considerations, (METT-TC). Note: During MOPP training, leaders must ensure personnel are monitored for potential heat injury. Local policies and procedures must be followed during times of increased heat category in order to avoid heat related injury. Consider the MOPP work/rest cycles and water replacement guidelines IAW FM 3-11.4, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Protection, FM 3-11.5, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Decontamination.

Supporting References

Step Number	Reference ID	Reference Name	Required	Primary
	TC 7-100	Hybrid Threat	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.2	Opposing Force Tactics	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.3	Irregular Opposing Forces https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/d r_aa/pdf/tc7_100x3.pdf	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.4	Hybrid Threat Force Structure Organization Guide	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-101	Exercise Design	Yes	Yes