71-CO-8515 OPFOR Execute an Act of Terrorism

Status	Approved 20 Jan 2017
Effective Date:	20 Jan 2017
Task Number:	71-CO-8516
Task Title:	OPFOR Execute an Act of Terrorism
Distribution Restriction:	Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Destruction Notice:	None
Foreign Disclosure: FD1 -	This training product has been reviewed by the training developers in coordination with the HQS TRADOC DCS G2 FDO foreign disclosure officer. This training product can be used to instruct international military students from all approved countries without restrictions.

Conditions

Terrorism is the use of violence or threat of violence, often motivated by religious, political, or other ideological beliefs, to instill fear and coerce governments or societies in pursuit of goals that are usually political. Acts of terrorism demonstrate an intention to cause significant psychological or physical effects on a relevant population through the use or threat of violence. Terrorism is typically a long-term commitment to degrade the resilience of an enemy in order to obtain concessions from an enemy.  

The OPFOR is conducting operations independently or as part of a larger element or force and receives an operation order (OPORD) or fragmentary order (FRAGORD) to conduct an act of terrorism at a location and time specified. The order includes all applicable overlays and/or graphics. Task organization provides the combat power capabilities to accomplish the task. The OPFOR has communications with higher, adjacent, subordinate, and supporting elements. Friendly force and enemy coalition forces, noncombatants, government agencies, nongovernment organizations, and local and international media may be in the operational environment (OE). The OPFOR is not constrained by standardized Rules of Engagement (ROE) and does not necessarily comply with international conventions or agreements on the conduct of warfare. Some iterations of this task should be performed in MOPP 4. This task should be trained under IED Threat conditions.

Standards

The OPFOR conducts terrorism in accordance with (IAW) TC 7-100.2 and/or TC 7-100.3, the order, and/or higher commander's guidance. The OPFOR, IAW the mission order, considers a full range of regular and irregular forces capabilities in order to erode an enemy s power, influence, and will. Stay-behind elements, on order, conduct varied follow-on tasks that can include but is not limited to reconnaissance and surveillance, disruption, delay, information warfare (INFOWAR) activities, and/or subsequent threats or acts of terrorism. The OPFOR typically breaks contact or exfiltrates from an attack site and occupies a safe haven. An exception is an act of terrorism that involves suicide by actors in conducting the terrorism.

NOTE

Motivations for initiating or continuing acts of terrorism can include but are not limited to:

• Spotlight attention on unresolved grievances with an enemy.
• Disrupt an enemy's ability to continue actions against the OPFOR.
• Champion causes of a suppressed and/or disenfranchised segment of a relevant population.
• Demonstrate regular and irregular force capabilities.
• Obtain active and passive support from a relevant population.
• Receive overt and covert support from a state or non-state actor.
• Deter continued enemy military operations in a particular geographic area.
• Dissuade enemy governmental influence over a relevant population.
• Develop acquiesce and/or active support of relevant population for OPFOR operations.
• Cause an enemy to overreact to acts of terror and correspondingly alienate a relevant population.

Activities that an opposing force can use to conduct terrorism include but are not limited to-

• Threat-Hoax
•  Arson
• Sabotage
• Bombing
•  Assassination
• Bribery
•  Cyber Attack
• Extortion
• Hostage-Taking
• Information Warfare
• Kidnapping
•  Assault-Maiming
• Murder
• Theft
•  Robbery
• Trafficking (Human, Technology, Commodities, Contraband)
• Suicide Attack
• Weapon of Mass Destruction Attack: chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear, and can include toxic industrial chemicals (TIC) or toxic industrial materials (TIM).

NOTE

TADSS and Materiel Items quantities are based on an armor company headquarters with two armor platoons, one IFV platoon and one dismounted infantry platoon to replicate non-conventional threat. Adjust as needed based on the force size and type of unit used to replicate the OPFOR

NOTE

The Objective Task Evaluation Criteria Matrix is provided for reference only. Operational and Training Environments will be IAW the BLUFOR Commanders training plan and guidance.

NOTE

Access the Virtual OPFOR Academy at https://tbr.army.mil for electronic copies of OPFOR doctrine, references, Decisive Action Training Environment (DATE), and instructional and immersive videos on conducting this task.

Live Fire Required

No

Objective Task Evaluation Criteria Matrix

Plan and Prepare			Execute						Assess
Operational Environment		Training Environment (L/V/C)	% of Leaders Present at Training/Authorized	% of Soldiers Present at	External Eval	% Performance Measures 'GO'	% Critical Performance Measures 'GO'	% Leader Performance Measures 'GO'	Task Assessment
BDE & Above
Dynamic and Complex (All OE Variables and Hybrid Threat)	Night	Operational Environment variables and OPFOR use of L/V/C are executed IAW BLUFOR	>=85%	>=80%	Yes	>=91%	All	>=90%	T
			75-84%			80-90%		80-89%	T-
Dynamic and Complex (All OE Variables and Single Threat)			65-74%	75-79%	No	65-79%			P
	Day		60-64%	60-74%		51-64%	<All	<=79%	P-
Dynamic and Complex (<All OE Variables and Single Threat)			<=59%	<=59%		<=50%			U

Remarks

None

Notes

None

Safety Risk

Low

Cue

None

DANGER: Safety briefings should alert users to the possibility of personal injury or damage to equipment that may result from long-term failure to follow correct procedures.
WARNING: Safety briefings should alert users to the possibility of immediate personal injury or damage to equipment.
CAUTION: None

Performance Steps and Measures

NOTE: Assess task proficiency using the task evaluation criteria matrix.

NOTE: Asterisks (*) indicate leader steps; plus signs (+) indicate critical steps.

STEP/MEASURE	GO	NO-GO	N/A
Plan
+ 1. Plan
+ a. Identify enemy element or force capabilities and limitations to be attacked
+ b. Conduct broad target analysis
+ c. Select specific target or targets
+ d. Determine the method and desired effect of terrorism to be conducted
+ e. Identify kill zone or kill zones
+ f. Analyze action and enabling functions that must be performed to achieve mission success, and consider tasks to deceive, disrupt, suppress, fix, isolate, contain, defeat and/or destroy
+ g. Determine the functional tactics to be applied by action and enabling elements
+ h. Identify situational understanding requirements for collection and analysis
+ i. Task-organize elements or forces for the act of terrorism by function IAW TC 7-100.2/TC 7-100.3
+ j. Determine how and when functional elements act or enable the terrorism and transition to other tasks-subtasks
Prepare
+ 2. Prepare
+ a. Conduct continuous reconnaissance and surveillance to provide situational understanding of enemy and operational environment required for OPFOR success
+ b. Conduct continuous counterreconnaissance to prevent the enemy from obtaining situational understanding of OPFOR intentions
+ c. Conduct mission and task rehearsals
+ d. Execute information warfare (INFOWAR)
Execute
+ 3. Infiltrate
+ a. Conduct undetected and sequenced movement by security elements through or into an area occupied by enemy elements to occupy a position(s) in order to fix enemy security or response elements
+ b. Conduct undetected and sequenced movement by support elements through or into an area occupied by enemy elements to occupy a position(s) in order to isolate the kill zones(s)
+ c. Conduct undetected and sequenced movement by support elements through or into an area occupied by enemy elements to occupy an indirect fire position(s) in order to suppress, disrupt, neutralize, or contain enemy at the kill zone(s)
+ d. Conduct undetected movement by an action element(s) through or into an area occupied by enemy elements to occupy a position(s) in order to attack (for example: assault, ambush, or raid) enemy and/or enemy materiel in the kill zone(s)
+ e. Determine if current tactical conditions require an adjustment to the terrorism
+ 4. Isolate
+ a. Employ reconnaissance and surveillance with security elements to sustain situational understanding and provide early warning of enemy activities that can influence the act of terrorism
+ b. Influence (deceive, degrade, disrupt, deny, and/or exploit) enemy tactical decision making before and during execution of the raid through information warfare (INFOWAR) technical and psychological capabilities
+ c. Isolate the enemy in the kill zone with support element(s) using indirect fires, nonlethal suppression means, and/or direct fires
+ d. Fix enemy security element(s) and/or response elements to prevent or slow support to enemy at the terrorism objective
+ 5. Execute Act of Terrorism
+ a. Attack with sudden and massed combat power of action and support elements to contain enemy in the kill zone or kill zones
+ b. Support the act of terrorism with appropriate enabling task functions that may include but are not limited to: deceive, disrupt, suppress, fix, breach, clear, or seize
+ c. Assault with fires and maneuver as sudden and massed combat power of the raiding, security, and support elements to seize the raid objective
+ d. Destroy enemy elements in the kill zone or kill zones
+ e. Exploit the terrorism objective when designated in the mission task and intent
+ f. Consolidate the objective site, when appropriate, and defend while the site is exploited by OPFOR elements
+ g. Reorganize OPFOR elements to minimize the impacts of combat losses and functional capabilities
+ 6. Continue Mission

+ a. Conduct timely undetected movement from the kill zone or kill zones, or break contact from enemy elements, and occupy safe haven
+ b. Execute tasks after the act of terrorism with stay-behind elements, when required, that can include but are not limited to: surveillance, disrupt, delay, suppress, neutralize, defend, defeat, and/or destroy tasks
+ c. Execute information warfare (INFOWAR) in support of psychological effects to intimidate the relevant population and degrade confidence in existing governance and security of the relevant population
+ d. Continue the mission
Assess
+ 7. Performance Measures
+ a. Reconnaissance locates high value target - (Yes/No)
+ b. Key operational environment factors confirmed - (Yes/No)
+ c. OPFOR security provides 360-degree coverage - (Time)
+ d. Information warfare (INFOWAR) deceives enemy - (Yes/No)
+ e. Infiltrate action, enabling, and support elements - (Time)
+ f. Isolate enemy in kill zone - (Yes/No)
+ g. Fix enemy response elements from kill zone - (Yes/No)
+ h. Attack to destroy enemy target in kill zone - (Time)
+ i. Exploit objective site as appropriate to mission - (Yes/No)
+ j. Combat effectiveness of enemy in kill zone - (Percent)
+ k. OPFOR available to continue mission - (Percent)
+ l. Stay-behind OPFOR accomplish mission tasks - (Yes/No)

TASK PERFORMANCE / EVALUATION SUMMARY BLOCK
ITERATION	1	2	3	4	5	M	TOTAL
TOTAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES EVALUATED
TOTAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES GO
TRAINING STATUS GO/NO-GO

ITERATION

1 2 3 4 5 M

COMMANDER/LEADER ASSESSMENT

T P U

Mission(s) supported:

None

MOPP 4

Sometimes

MOPP 4 Statement

OPFOR will conduct operations in an NBC environment based on the training objectives established by the BLUFOR Commander.

NVG

Sometimes

NVG Statement

OPFOR will conduct night time operations based on the training objectives established by the BLUFOR Commander.

Prerequisite Collective Task(s)

None

Supporting Collective Task(s)

None

OPFOR Task(s)

None

Supporting Individual Task(s)

None

Supporting Drill(s)

None

Supported AUTL/UJTL Task(s)

Task ID	Title
ART 5.0	Conduct Mission Command

TADSS

TADSS ID	Title	Product Type	Quantity
T 07-115	Machine Gun, PKM	DVC	2
T 07-116	Pistol, Makarov, Plastic	DVC	2
T 20-007	RPK Squad Machine Gun	DVC	2
23-102/B	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES), (SLM), RPG7 VISMOD	DVC	10
T 07-117	Pistol, Tokarev	DVC	2
T 20-008	PM-50 Pistol	DVC	2
GTA 08-11-014	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES) Casualty Cards	GTA	6
23-67	Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System Individual Weapons System (MILES IWS) M16/M4 Rifle Kit, Instrumental	DVC	113
23-22	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M249 Squad Automatic Weapon Kit	DVC	6
23-23	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M24/M40 Sniper Weapon System Kit	DVC	6
23-26	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M2 Machine Gun Kit	DVC	18
T 20-005	RPG7 Anti Grenade Launcher with Round	DVC	10
T 20-006	AK-47 Assault Rifle Model	DVC	16
23-85	Soft Cap Man Worn Laser Detector (MWLD) (MILES) PR0 Model	DVC	153
23-25	M2K Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System 2000 (MILES 2000) M240 Machine Gun Kit	DVC	10
T 20-018	SVD Sniper Rifle	DVC	2

Equipment (LIN)

LIN	Nomenclature	Qty
No equipment specified

Materiel Items (NSN)

NSN	LIN	Title	Qty
1330-00-289-6853	J79818	Grenade, Hand, Violet Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G955)	6
1330-00-289-6854	J79955	Grenade, Hand, Yellow Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G945)	6
1005-01-480-0289		Chamber, Blank Firing: Machine Gun, 7.62MM, M240B	8
1005-00-118-6192		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition: Rifle, 5.56 MM, M16, M16A1	42
1005-21-912-8997		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition: M249 SAW	6
1305-01-078-4879	D31944	Cartridge, Caliber .50 Blank: M1E1 (DODIC:A598)	2000
1370-00-752-8124	T56265	Simulator, Hand Grenade: M116A1 (DODIC:L601)	108
1005-01-091-7510	F87237	Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunitin: M19 for Caliber .50 M2 Machine Gun	10
1330-00-219-8511	J79681	Grenade, Hand, HC Smoke: AN-M8 (DODIC:G930)	12
1005-00-893-0902		Firing Attachment, Blank Ammunition, M14 Rifle	6
1330-00-289-6852	J79133	Grenade, Hand, Red Smoke: M18 (DODIC:G950)	6
1305-00-005-8005		Cartridge, 5.56 Millimeter Blank, Single Round: M200 (DODIC:A080)	8400
1305-00-008-8894		Cartridge, 7.62 Millimeter Blank, Single Round: M82 (DODIC:A112)	320
1305-00-166-6371		Cartridge, 7.62 Millimeter Blank, Linked: M82 (DODIC:A111)	1600

Environment

Environmental protection is not just the law but the right thing to do. It is a continual process and starts with deliberate planning. Always be alert to ways to protect our environment during training and missions. In doing so, you will contribute to the sustainment of our training resources while protecting people and the environment from harmful effects. Refer to the current Environmental Considerations manual and the current GTA Environmental-related Risk Assessment card. Consult range control office for specific environmental considerations for the training area(s) being used.

Safety

In a training environment, leaders must perform a risk assessment in accordance with ATP 5-19, Risk Management. Leaders will complete the current Deliberate Risk Assessment Worksheet in accordance with the TRADOC Safety Officer during the planning and completion of each task and sub-task by assessing mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available-time available and civil considerations, (METT-TC). Note: During MOPP training, leaders must ensure personnel are monitored for potential heat injury. Local policies and procedures must be followed during times of increased heat category in order to avoid heat related injury. Consider the MOPP work/rest cycles and water replacement guidelines IAW FM 3-11.4, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Protection, FM 3-11.5, Multiservice Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Decontamination.

Supporting References

Step Number	Reference ID	Reference Name	Required	Primary
	TC 7-100	Hybrid Threat	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.2	Opposing Force Tactics	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.3	Irregular Opposing Forces https://armypubs.us.army.mil/doctrine/DR_pubs/d r_aa/pdf/tc7_100x3.pdf	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-100.4	Hybrid Threat Force Structure Organization Guide	Yes	Yes
	TC 7-101	Exercise Design	Yes	Yes