9K330 Tor (SA-15 Gauntlet) Russian Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System

tiers

false

true

false

categories

"WEG"

"Air Defense"

"Infrared/Command Guidance Missile Systems"

"Short-Range Missile Systems (Less than 30 km)"

"Russia (RUS)"

"PRO_Algeria"

"PRO_Armenia"

"PRO_Azerbaijan"

"PRO_Belarus"

"PRO_China"

"PRO_Cyprus"

"PRO_Egypt"

"PRO_Greece"

"PRO_Iran (Islamic Republic of)"

"PRO_Morocco"

"PRO_Myanmar"

"PRO_Peru"

"PRO_Russian Federation"

"PRO_Syria"

"PRO_Turkmenistan"

"PRO_Ukraine"

"PRO_Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)"

"Air"

"Tier3"

notes

"9K330 Tor (SA-15 Gauntlet) Russian Short-Range Surface-to-Air Missile System is a late Cold War-era self-propelled SAM system of Soviet origin. It was developed from 1975 to 1985 by Antei as a replacement for the older 9K33 Osa (SA-8 Gecko). The Tor is also well known under its NATO reporting name SA-15 Gauntlet. Since its introduction, it is regarded as the most capable short-range self-propelled SAM system and continuous upgrades The Tor is one of the few short-range SAM systems with high effectiveness against cruise missiles and precision-guided munitions. Most Tor systems are based on the GM-355 tracked chassis that allows it to keep up with tanks and other armored vehicles through any terrain. A towed version is available which has the advantage of reduced costs. The latest systems are also available on a large MZKT-6922 6x6 truck chassis that is cheaper, offers more internal space, has even better mobility on roads, and still provides protection to the crew. None of the Tor systems are amphibious. The Tor is based on a tracked chassis that protects the crew from small arms fire. The three crew members are seated in the front, an unmanned turret is installed in the middle and the engine and drivetrain are located at the rear. Two boxes with four missiles are installed vertically in the middle of the turret and extend into the hull of the vehicle. The tracking radar is installed at the front of the turret and the optical system is fitted next to it. The search radar is fitted at the rear and is lowered behind the turret when not in use. The search radar rotates when in use and can be used on the move. The medium-sized missiles use radio command guidance and are fitted with folding fins. Upon launch the vehicle comes to a halt, the missile is propelled upwards by a gas charge, is rotated in the correct direction, and then the rocket ignites. The primary means of engaging targets is by radar guidance. Each Tor system is fitted with a 25 km 360-degree search radar and 15 km 60-degree tracking radar. The Tor has a good ECM resistance but can also engage targets by TV tracking. The TV tracking system has a maximum range of 20 km and is fitted with a laser range finder. The naval version uses a similar two-radar setup but has a more powerful search radar."

dateOfIntroduction

1986

countryOfOrigin

"Russia (RUS)"

proliferation

"Algeria, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, China, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Morocco, Myanmar, Peru, Russian Federation, Syria, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)"

selectedregions

"All Regions"

checkedregions

Empty array

checkedcountries

"Algeria"

"Armenia"

"Azerbaijan"

"Belarus"

"China"

"Cyprus"

"Egypt"

"Greece"

"Iran (Islamic Republic of)"

"Morocco"

"Myanmar"

"Peru"

"Russian Federation"

"Syria"

"Turkmenistan"

"Ukraine"

"Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)"

dis

name	"LCHR SA 15 GAUNTLET TELAR"
string	"01.01.222.028.010.002.000"

images

"9K330_Tor_(SA-15_Gauntlet)_(C).jpg"

"9K330_Tor_(SA-15_Gauntlet)_(B).jpg"

"9K330_Tor_(SA-15_Gauntlet)_(A).jpg"

"9K330_Tor_(SA-15_Gauntlet)_(DD).jpg"

"9K330_Tor_(SA-15_Gauntlet)_(EE).jpg"

sections

name

"System"

properties

name	"Alternative Designation"
value	"9K330 Tor; NATO: SA-15 Gauntlet"

name	"Type"
value	"Low to medium altitude, short-range surface-to-air missile"

name	"Manufacturer"
value	"IEMZ Kupol Metrowagonmash (GM chassis designer), MZKT (wheeled chassis designer)"

name	"Family"
value	"9K330 Series"

name	"In Service"
value	"1986-Present"

name	"Chassis"
value	"GM-355 special tracked chassis"

name	"Crew"
value	"3"
units	"ea"

name

"Operating Unit Structure"

value

"The 9K330 Tor is a multiplatform ‘system of systems' (referred to as a ‘complex' in Russian), using a range of launchers, sensors, and supporting assets to operate. It should be noted that in the Russian armed forces, air defense systems are typically deployed in a дивизион (transliterated: ‘divizion' (approximately a battalion set)) or a полк (transliterated: ‘polk' (a regiment)) unit size, with the latter sometimes also referred to as a полковой комплект (transliterated: ‘polkovoj komplekt') in Russian. Tor can be operated as either a battalion set or as a regimental set, depending on which type of formation the Tor formation is subordinate to. A brigade would typically be provided with a battalion set, while a division would typically be provided with a regimental set. For the purposes of understanding the quantities of each involved, in the case of Tor, a ‘divizion' (battalion set) is composed of three batteries, while a regimental set consists of four batteries. It should however be noted in the case of the Tor specifically, that this system does not appear to have been commonly operated as a battalion set, but more frequently as a regimental set. This marks a difference between the Tor and later variants of the Tor family (from Tor-M2E/Tor-M2K export variants or Tor-M1-2U domestic variants onwards), which seem to be more frequently operated as either battalion or regimental sets."

name	"Displacement Time"
value	"Less than 5 min"

name	"Emplacement Time"
value	"Less than 3 min"

name	"Fire on the Move"
value	"No"

name	"Reloading Vehicle"
value	"Reloading vehicle is based on Ural-4320 6x6 heavy truck"

name	"Fully Reload Time"
value	"18 Minutes"

name	"Note"
value	"This system can engage a variety of modern air targets as well as engage between 2-4 targets simultaneous depending on model (M1 vs. M2). It is used against aircraft, helicopters, UAVs, various missiles and precision guided munitions. It destroys targets that long- and medium-range air defense systems fail to hit."

name

"Dimensions"

properties

name	"Length"
value	"8.0"
units	"m"

name	"Width"
value	"3.2"
units	"m"

name	"Height, Combat Configuration"
value	"4.0"
units	"m"

name	"Weight, Combat"
value	"32"
units	"tons"

name	"Ground Pressure"
value	"INA"

name

"Automotive"

properties

name	"Engine Name"
value	"V-46-2S1"

name	"Engine Type"
value	"Diesel"

name	"Engine Power"
value	"780"
units	"hp"

name	"Cruising Range"
value	"580"
units	"km"

name	"Speed, Maximum Road"
value	"65"
units	"km/h"

name	"Speed, Average Cross"
value	"INA"

name	"Speed Maximum Swim"
value	"Not Amphibious"

name	"Gradient"
value	"60 %"

name	"Side Slope"
value	"30 %"

name	"Vertical Step"
value	"1.0"
units	"m"

name	"Trench"
value	"2.0"
units	"m"

name	"Fording Depth"
value	"1.0"
units	"m"

name	"Hydropneumatic Suspension"
value	"Yes"

name	"Adjustable Ground Clearance"
value	"Yes"

name

"Communications"

properties

name	"HF Radio"
value	"1 x R-176 Antey"

name	"VHF Radio"
value	"1 x Azart-P (4km), 1 x Azart-N (12km), and 1 x Azart-BM (40km)"

name

"Main Weapon System"

sections

name

"Missile Launcher"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"9A331 Combat Vehicle"

name	"Type"
value	"Vertical Launch"

name

"Missile"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"8x 9M330 Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM)"

name	"Type"
value	"Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM)"

name	"Length"
value	"2.89"
units	"m"

name	"Diameter"
value	"0.23"
units	"m"

name	"Wingspan"
value	"650"
units	"mm"

name	"Weight"
value	"165"
units	"kg"

name	"Engine"
value	"thruster jets with 2-stage solid-fuel rockets"

name	"Warhead Type"
value	"HE-FRAG"

name	"Warhead Weight"
value	"14.8"
units	"kg"

name	"Maximum Range"
value	"12.0"
units	"km"

name	"Minimum Range"
value	"1.5"
units	"km"

name	"Maximum Altitude"
value	"6"
units	"km"

name	"Minimum Altitude"
value	"10"
units	"m"

name	"Guidance System"
value	"Radio Command Guidance System"

name	"Kill Probability against Helicopters"
value	"50-88%"

name	"Kill Probability against Aircraft"
value	"26-75%"

name	"Kill Probability against UAVs"
value	"85-95%"

name	"Maximum Speed"
value	"Mach 3"

name	"Maximum Target Speed"
value	"3,060"
units	"kph"

name	"Load Limit"
value	"30 Gs"

name	"Fuze Type"
value	"RF proximity"

name	"Detonation Mechanism"
value	"RF Proximity"

name	"Propellant"
value	"Solid-fuel rocket"

name	"Boost time"
value	"Cold launch ejection for 20 m"

name	"Steering system"
value	"Gas dynamic control system, with four control surfaces"

name	"Basic Load"
value	"8x 9M330 Surface-to-Air Missile (SAM)"

name	"Note"
value	"The higher the target the higher the probability to hit the target."

name

"Fire Control"

sections

name

"Fire Control System"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"INA"

name	"Computerized FCS"
value	"Yes"

name	"Fire Control Radar"
value	"J/K-band"

name	"Fire Control Sensors"
value	"Yes"

name	"IADS Integration"
value	"INA"

name	"Reaction Time (Target Detection to Launch)"
value	"8-12 seconds"

name

"Target Detection Radar"

properties

name	"Name"
value	"Scrum Half"

name	"Type"
value	"3D Pulse Doppler"

name	"Maximum Detection Range against Aircraft"
value	"25-27 km"

name	"Maximum Detection Range against Helicopters"
value	"12 km"

name	"Maximum Detection Range against UAVs"
value	"9-15 km"

name	"Search for Targets on the Move"
value	"Yes"

name	"Detect and Intercept Anti-Radiation Missiles"
value	"Yes"

name	"Coverage"
value	"up to 48 targets"

name	"Surveillance Band"
value	"G/H-band"

name	"Minimum Detection Altitude"
value	"100"
units	"m"

properties

name	"Note"
value	"The Tor combat vehicle has radar and missiles based on a single vehicle."

name

"Protection"

properties

name	"Hull Armor"
value	"All-welded steel"

name	"Turret Armor"
value	"All-welded steel"

name	"Applique Armor"
value	"No"

name	"Explosive Reactive Armor"
value	"No"

name	"Active Protection System"
value	"INA"

name	"Mine Clearing"
value	"No"

name	"Self-Entrenching Blade"
value	"No"

name	"NBC Protection"
value	"Yes"

name	"Smoke Equipment"
value	"INA"

name	"Air-Transportable"
value	"Yes"

name	"IFF"
value	"Yes"

variants

name

"9K330 Tor"

notes

"The project was given strict design specifications to meet; Tor had to provide extended detection and tracking of fast, low radar cross-section targets and be capable of quickly and efficiently dealing with massed air raids while providing a high degree of automation and integration with other air defense assets. In order to meet these demanding specifications, the designers used a variety of new technologies, including advanced Passive electronically scanned array radar for improved detection and tracking performance, enhanced digital information processing, and vertically launched missiles to improve reaction time and increase the number of readily available munitions. After a period of testing and evaluation between December 1983 and December 1984, the land-based system was accepted into service on 19 March 1986."

name	"9K331 Tor-M1"
notes	"The Tor-M1 is the base variant of the Tor family; it superseded the standard Tor from 1991 and has been widely exported. It is designed to provide point defense and short-range air defense (SHORAD) for ground-based assets from rotary- and fixed-wing assets as well as precision-guided munitions. The combat vehicle itself is designated 9A331."

name	"Tor-M1TA"
notes	"The Tor-M1TA is a paved road-mobile system that mates the launch unit of a Tor-M1 with a truck chassis to provide a more economical version of the Tor-M1 that can be moved with greater ease than the larger tracked systems."

name	"9K331M Tor-M2"
notes	"The Tor-M2 is a modernized version of the Tor-M1; it is designed to increase the engagement capabilities of the system against complex targets such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and cruise missiles, especially in a swarm environment."

name	"9K331M2U Tor-M1-2U"
notes	"The Tor-M1-2U is a precursor to the Tor-M2; it is thought to have introduced as an interim before the Tor-M2 with its improved missiles was introduced."

name	"9K331M2K Tor-M2K"
notes	"The Tor-M2K is an export version of the Tor-M2 based on a wheeled chassis."

name	"9K331MDT Tor-M2DT"
notes	"The Tor-M2DT is designed to provide extreme mobility in the most adverse environments such as the Arctic."

name	"9S737M Ranzhir-M"
notes	"The Ranzhir-M is the battery level command and control vehicle for Tor-M1 and M2 systems."

type

"WEG"

version

1