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Difference between revisions of "Physical Environment: Kujenga"

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[[Africa|DATE Africa]] > [[Kujenga]] > '''{{PAGENAME}}''' ←You are here [[File:Ariana's Largest Cities.png|thumb|Ariana's Largest Cities]]
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<div style="font-size:0.9em; color:#333;" id="mw-breadcrumbs">
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Nyumba is a moderately large country located in eastern Africa. It borders one major body of water: the Indian Ocean and encompasses two others, Lake Turkana and Lake Logipi. The country’s terrain varies from significant  a rift valley, high mountains and arid desert lowlands, as well as coastal plains, with climates ranging from east, tropical to semiarid and in the west, warm desert and arid and humid near the coast.
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[[Africa|DATE Africa]] &gt; [[Kujenga]] &gt; '''{{PAGENAME}}''' &larr;You are here
 +
</div>
 +
 
 +
[[File:Kujenga terrain map.PNG|thumb|Physical Map of Kujenga]]
 +
 
 +
Kujenga is a large country located in central eastern Africa and is roughly rectangular in shape. It borders one major body of water: the Indian Ocean and encompasses three others, Lake Victoria, Lake Malawi, and Lake Tanganika. The country’s terrain varies from a significant  rift valley in the central region, high mountains and arid desert lowlands, as well as coastal plains, with climates ranging from in the east, tropical to semiarid; warm desert in the west; and humid near the coast.   
  
 
== Table of Physical Environment Data ==
 
== Table of Physical Environment Data ==
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
−
!
+
|'''Measure'''
−
!
+
|'''Data'''
−
!
+
|'''Remarks'''
−
!
 
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|'''Total Area (sq. miles)'''
 +
|390,810
 +
|Includes inland water
 +
|-
 +
|'''Land Area (sq. miles)'''
 +
|364,374
 +
|Excludes inland water
 +
|-
 +
|'''Inland Water (sq. miles)'''
 +
|26,437
 +
|Includes Lake Tanganyika, Lake Niassa, Lake Bangweulu, and Lake Rukwa
 +
|-
 +
|'''Inland Border (miles)'''
 +
|3,073
 +
|Amari (517), Ziwa (487)
 +
|-
 +
|'''Coastline (miles)'''
 +
|2,834
 +
|Indian Ocean (1,570), Lake Victoria (315), Lake Niassa (439), Lake Tanganyika (511)
 +
|-
 +
|'''Highest Elevation (ft.)'''
 +
|11,220
 +
|Mt Hanang
 +
|-
 +
|'''Lowest Elevation (ft.)'''
 +
|0
 +
|Sea level
 +
|-
 +
|'''Arable (cultivated) Land (%)'''
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|'''Permanent Crops (%)'''
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|'''Permanent Pasture (%)'''
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|'''Irrigated Land (%)'''
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|'''Forested Land (%)'''
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|'''Urban Area (%)'''
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
Line 26: Line 67:
  
 
== Terrain ==
 
== Terrain ==
−
Amari’s land area is 196,575 square miles in the eastern part of central Africa. It shares 3,158 miles of border with several different countries, including Kujenga and Ziwa to the south and Nyumba to the north, and two major bodies of water—the Indian Ocean and Lake Victoria. The country’s varied terrain includes mountainous highlands, high plateaus, deep valleys, lowland plains, and sandy beaches.
+
[[File:DATE Africa terrain regions map.PNG|thumb|DATE Africa Terrain Regions]]
 +
Kujenga’s area is 390,810 square miles in the eastern part of central Africa. It shares 3,073 miles of border with several different countries, including Amari and Ziwa to the north, and four major bodies of water—the Indian Ocean, Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Niassa. The country’s varied terrain includes mountainous highlands, high plateaus, deep valleys, lowland plains, and sandy beaches.
  
 
== Border Disputes ==
 
== Border Disputes ==
Line 32: Line 74:
  
 
== Bodies of Water ==
 
== Bodies of Water ==
−
Amari’s most prominent bodies of water are the Indian Ocean to the east and Lake Victoria in the southwest. The country shares maritime borders on the Indian Ocean with Nyumba and Kujenga, and operates a major deepwater port at Mombasa. The ocean is a major source of fish, both for internal consumption and for export, which occasionally leads to quarrels between Amari and its neighbors. Recent discoveries of natural gas in Amarian waters could be another source of conflict.
+
Kujenga has the longest Indian Ocean coastline of the DATE Africa countries.  It also has the most inland water area, dominated by the great lakes of the African Rift Valleys.  From the south, these include Lakes Nyassa (Malawi), Tanganyika, and Victoria.  Significant, but lesser freshwater lakes dominate the south, and the alkali Lakes Eyasi and Natron form Kujenga's border with Ziwa.
 +
 
 +
The 830 km Ruvuma River forms the southern boundary of Kujenga, flowing to the Indian Ocean.  The much smaller Umba River forms the Amari-Kujenga border, also terminating at the Indian Ocean.  
  
 
== Mobility Classification ==
 
== Mobility Classification ==
−
Movement in Amari is less restricted in the western plateau and lowland plains than in other regions. Steep escarpments separate the two Rift Valleys from their surrounding terrain; both valleys contain active volcanoes. Glaciers exist on Amari’s highest peaks, while forests and mangroves hamper movement along the coastal plains. Mountainous terrain and rough roads make it hard to transport troops and equipment overland. Multiple rivers and streams—especially in the western half to the country—also challenge mechanized and motorized movement. Roads can become flooded during the rainy season, making them impassable. These rains also greatly affect visibility for reconnaissance and air operations. Foot movement is also limited in the central highlands by the negative effects of the high altitudes.
+
Similar to Amari, Kujenga is characterized by relatively broad a coastal plain gradually rising to a plateau as you travel westward.  This corridor is relatively unrestricted all the way to the western frontier at the Kigoma on Lake Tanganyika. Terrain remains unrestricted on a northward branch of this corridor, all the way to the southern shore of Lake Victoria in Ziwa. Not surprisingly, the DARGOMA rail and road corridors follow this route.
 +
 
 +
Access to the southwestern corner of Kujenga becomes more restricted as the plateau gives way to highlands at the convergence of the East and West Rift Valleys around Mbeya. Travel further west from Mbeya is further hampered by rougher terrain and denser vegetation and wetlands.  A well-established road and rail corridor runs southwest from Dar Es Salaam, through Mbeya past Kujenga's southwestern frontier to Lusaka with further connection to southern African cities.  
  
 
== Natural Hazards ==
 
== Natural Hazards ==
−
Both natural disasters and manmade hazards exist in Amari. Natural disasters include flooding, earthquakes, limited volcanic activity in the Rift Valleys, landslides, windstorms, and hailstorms. Frequent droughts, including one ongoing for the past two years, can lead to famine. Violent thunderstorms with gusty winds are common on and around Lake Victoria. Water pollution is an issue, caused by urban waste, industrial waste, and contamination by pesticides and fertilizer. Overharvesting of trees for fuel led to significant deforestation and in turn soil erosion and desertification, especially in the eastern lowlands. Unexploded ordnance, including landmines, can be found in previous conflict zones. Dangerous indigenous wildlife include disease-carrying mosquitoes and tsetse flies, as well as more traditional threats: big cats (e.g., lions), crocodiles, elephants, gorillas, hippopotamuses, hyenas, rhinoceroses, warthogs, and wild dogs.
+
Of the hazards listed in the regional assessment, the water and wetland obstacles in far eastern Kujenga are the most challenging. The Kujengan Bush Militia and other armed groups take advantage of these obstacles when selecting bases and areas of operation.
  
 
== Subterranean Environment ==
 
== Subterranean Environment ==
−
The Amarian government has developed some underground facilities (UGFs), including structures to protect vital space program assets, bunkers for ammunition, and underground/hardened command posts. Subterranean systems used by criminal actors consist primarily of tunnels located on main smuggling routes, usually crossing the Amari-Kujenga border east of Lake Victoria. It is relatively easy to cross international borders in the region without detection, so tunnels are minimal in number and concentrated along routes more frequently patrolled by government forces. Insurgent use of such systems is minimal except in and around the Tanga region of Kujenga, where tunnels and underground rooms are used to avoid detection by local authorities. Natural caves are found throughout the country and in the Tanga region, and are used by criminals, insurgents, and local citizens alike.
+
The Amboni cave network, near Tanga in the northeast, is series of 10 limestone caves believed to be East Africa's largest. Though not fully exploited, they have provided safe haven for armed groups operating on the Kujenga-Amari border.
  
 
== Vegetation ==
 
== Vegetation ==
−
Vegetation in Amari varies by topographical region. The Western Rift Valley and most of the western plateau consist primarily of savanna, with some forests in the swampy areas of the far southwest. The central highlands and Eastern Rift Valley contain most of the country’s forests, giving way to savanna in the far north and the east. The highest elevations are host to glaciers. The eastern lowlands are primarily grassland or desert scrub. The coastal plains have both grasslands and forested areas; mangrove forests grow on the coastline. Trees found in the country include both deciduous and evergreen, including species such as acacia, bamboo, baobob, cacti, candelabra, cedar, euphorbia, giant lobelia, groundsel, heath, miombo, papyrus, and podo.
+
To be published
  
 
== Agriculture ==
 
== Agriculture ==
−
Amarian agriculture employs 60% of the labor force full-time and an additional 15% part-time, producing 30% of the national GDP. The western region plays a very important role in this sector. Over one-third of Amari’s land is arable. Most farming takes place in the highlands or on the western plateau; much of the remainder of the country is either used for pasture or covered with forests or scrub vegetation. Due to reasonable rainfall, most irrigation in the country occurs in the drier eastern region. Crops produced in Amari include bananas, beans, beets, cabbages, carrots, cashews, cassava, citrus fruit, cocoa, coconut, coffee, corn, cotton, flowers, fruit, groundnuts, khale, legumes, mango, millet, oats, onions, palms (oil), peppers, pineapple, plantains, potatoes, pyrethrum, rice, sisal, sorghum, soybeans, sugarcane, sweet potato, tea, tobacco, tomatoes, turnips, vegetables, and wheat. Of these, cashews, coffee, cotton, cut flowers, pyrethrum, sisal, and tea are exported. Despite the large agricultural economy, the country does not grow enough cereal grains to feed its populace.
+
To be published
  
 
== Livestock and Wildlife ==
 
== Livestock and Wildlife ==
−
Amarians have considerable livestock, especially in the drier regions where crop cultivation is more difficult. Common domesticated animals include bees, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, and poultry. The country also boasts multiple types of wildlife, including aardvark, African buffalo, numerous different kinds of antelope, several species of big cat (cheetah, leopard, lion, wildcat), bush baby, crocodile, elephant, giraffe, hippopotamus, hyena, hyrax, mongoose, many types of primate (baboon, chimpanzee, gorilla, monkey), rhinoceros, warthog, wild dog, and zebra. While some of these species are only found in national parks and game reserves in Amari, others are more widespread. Many of these species are endangered and protected by Amarian law. Poaching is a continuing problem, with elephants and rhinoceroses being the most common targets. A couple of Amari’s game reserves are shared by Nyumba to the north and at times have been a source of contention because of the lack of national security forces in the parks, ivory smuggling, big game poaching, and drug trafficking occur through the border preserves.
+
To be published
  
 
== Climate and Weather ==
 
== Climate and Weather ==
−
Amari has a widely varied climate depending on location and altitude. The Western Rift Valley and western plateau experience a tropical wet and dry climate defined by rainy and dry seasons. The central highlands and Eastern Rift Valley are temperate (highland climate), with the highest peaks experiencing a sub-alpine climate. The far-eastern central highlands and the eastern lowlands are primarily semiarid. The coastal plains are tropical, with high temperatures and humidity throughout the year.
+
Kujenga has a widely varied climate depending on location and altitude. The Western Rift Valley and western plateau experience a tropical wet and dry climate defined by rainy and dry seasons. The central highlands and Eastern Rift Valley are temperate (highland climate), with the highest peaks experiencing a sub-alpine climate. The far-eastern central highlands and the eastern lowlands are primarily semiarid. The coastal plains are tropical, with high temperatures and humidity throughout the year. Unique to Kujenga is the Southern Plateau at the southern confluence of the Rift Valleys.  It experiences greater rainfall, heat and humidity that the Western Plateau.
 +
 
 +
East African Monsoon characteristics:
 +
 
 +
Coastal Plain: The dry season lasts throughout June to October when rainfall is highly unusual (even on the islands). Heavier rainy season March-May with lighter “short” rainy season from November to December. Maximum temperatures range from 30 to 35 degrees Celsius from September-February. The East African coastal alignment is northeast to southwest, resulting in NE trade winds blowing parallel to the coast and seldom blowing inland.
  
 
=== Seasons ===
 
=== Seasons ===
−
Amari’s seasons center around the long rains and the short rains, which alternate with two distinct dry seasons. Most of the country experiences the long rains from approximately March through May, the short rains during September through December, and intervening dry seasons in June through August and January through February. In the central highlands, the two rains merge into one long rainy season from March through December, with a single dry season during January through March. The hottest months are January through March, while the coolest are July through August. Temperatures usually vary more from day to night than from season to season.
+
Kujenga’s seasons center around the long rains and the short rains, which alternate with two distinct dry seasons. Most of the country experiences the long rains from approximately March through May, the short rains during September through December, and intervening dry seasons in June through August and January through February. In the central highlands, the two rains merge into one long rainy season from March through December, with a single dry season during January through March. The hottest months are January through March, while the coolest are July through August. Temperatures usually vary more from day to night than from season to season.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
−
!
+
|'''Season'''
−
!
+
|'''Months'''
−
!
+
|'''Remarks'''
−
!
+
|-
 +
|'''Long Rains'''
 +
|March–May
 +
| 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|'''Dry'''
−
|
+
|June–August
−
|
+
|continued rain in the central highlands
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|'''Short Rains'''
−
|
+
|September–December
−
|
+
| 
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|
+
|'''Dry'''
−
|
+
|January–February
−
|
+
| January-March in central highlands
−
|
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
 
=== Precipitation ===
 
=== Precipitation ===
−
Precipitation in Amari varies primarily by season and latitude. Though usually taking the form of rain, snow is possible at extremely high elevations. Precipitation generally increases from north to south and with altitude. Most of the country receives 40–60 inches of precipitation per year, with some areas in the two Rift Valleys and around Lake Victoria receiving 60–80 inches. The eastern lowlands are by far the driest regions of the country, receiving only 10-40 inches annually, while the coastal plains receive 40–80 inches.
+
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Monthly Average Rainfall (in)
 +
!Location
 +
!Jan
 +
!Feb
 +
!Mar
 +
!Apr
 +
!May
 +
!Jun
 +
!Jul
 +
!Aug
 +
!Sep
 +
!Oct
 +
!Nov
 +
!Dec
 +
|-
 +
|Tanga
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Morogoro
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Dodoma
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Tabora
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Kigoma
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Mbeya
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Kasama
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|}
  
 
=== Temperature-Heat Index ===
 
=== Temperature-Heat Index ===
−
Monthly average high temperatures in Amari vary with elevation. Most of the country enjoys highs between 70–85°F, with the extreme elevations—above 8,000 feet—being cooler than this. Average highs in the eastern lowlands, the coastal plains, and the far north are hotter, ranging from 80–100°F. The combination of high temperatures and moderate to high relative humidity can quickly lead to both dehydration and heat exhaustion in the regions with lower altitudes.
+
{| class="wikitable"
−
 
+
|+Monthly Average High Temperatures (F)
−
=== Temperature-Wind Chill Index ===
+
!Location
−
Monthly average low temperatures in the highlands and plateau fall in the 40–55°F range, though lower temperatures can occur. The lowlands are warmer than this, while elevations over 8,000 feet may experience sub-zero temperatures and snow. The highest peaks in the country possesses a permanent snow cap. Cold and wind chill will not be an issue in the lower elevations, but can affect troops operating in the highlands.
+
!Jan
 +
!Feb
 +
!Mar
 +
!Apr
 +
!May
 +
!Jun
 +
!Jul
 +
!Aug
 +
!Sep
 +
!Oct
 +
!Nov
 +
!Dec
 +
|-
 +
|Tanga
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Morogoro
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Dodoma
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Tabora
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Kigoma
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Mbeya
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Kasama
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|}
  
 
=== Relative Humidity ===
 
=== Relative Humidity ===
−
Relative humidity in Amari is moderate to high in most regions. Average annual humidity in the Western Rift Valley and western plateau usually ranges from 65–80%, with level in the north and east being lower. Levels in the central highlands and Eastern Rift Valley average 55–70%, with higher altitudes experiencing higher relative humidity and vice versa. Averages in the eastern lowlands are also 55–70%, while those in the coastal plains are 65–80%.
+
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Monthly Average High Relative Humidity (%)
 +
!Location
 +
!Jan
 +
!Feb
 +
!Mar
 +
!Apr
 +
!May
 +
!Jun
 +
!Jul
 +
!Aug
 +
!Sep
 +
!Oct
 +
!Nov
 +
!Dec
 +
|-
 +
|Tanga
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Morogoro
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Dodoma
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Tabora
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Kigoma
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Mbeya
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Kasama
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|}
  
 
=== Wind ===
 
=== Wind ===
−
Wind patterns change with the seasons in Amari and are associated with the dry seasons. The Kuzi monsoon winds blow from the southeast and peaks during the months of June through August. The winds then shift to the gentler northeast Kaskazi, which peak from December through March. Average wind speeds are less than 15 mph throughout most of the country. Though calmer when transitioning during the rainy seasons, the winds are strong enough to develop wind energy in certain areas. Thunderstorms with gusty winds are a frequent occurrence around Lake Victoria.
+
{| class="wikitable"
 +
|+Monthly Average Prevailing Wind Speeds (Knots)
 +
!Location
 +
!Jan
 +
!Feb
 +
!Mar
 +
!Apr
 +
!May
 +
!Jun
 +
!Jul
 +
!Aug
 +
!Sep
 +
!Oct
 +
!Nov
 +
!Dec
 +
|-
 +
|Tanga
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Morogoro
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Dodoma
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Tabora
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Kigoma
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Mbeya
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|-
 +
|Kasama
 +
|val1
 +
|val2
 +
|val3
 +
|val4
 +
|val5
 +
|val6
 +
|val7
 +
|val8
 +
|val9
 +
|val10
 +
|val11
 +
|val12
 +
|}
 +
 
 
== Summary ==
 
== Summary ==
−
Ariana’s oil and gas infrastructure does not operate at optimal efficiency due to a broad mix of equipment and technology from several foreign countries and a lack of spare parts for some of its Western equipment. The Arianian hydrocarbon industry continues to rely on technology that is over 40 years old and susceptible to mechanical breakdown. While Ariana continues to build new infrastructure mainly in the form of pipelines to transport oil and natural gas around its country, the government spends its money on these new projects while failing to maintain the hydrocarbon infrastructure already in place.
+
To be published
  
−
{{:Africa Linkbox}}
 
 
[[Category:DATE]]
 
[[Category:DATE]]
 
[[Category:Africa]]
 
[[Category:Africa]]
 
[[Category:Kujenga]]
 
[[Category:Kujenga]]
 
[[Category:Physical Environment]]
 
[[Category:Physical Environment]]

Latest revision as of 20:52, 2 July 2020

DATE Africa > Kujenga > Physical Environment: Kujenga ←You are here

Physical Map of Kujenga

Kujenga is a large country located in central eastern Africa and is roughly rectangular in shape. It borders one major body of water: the Indian Ocean and encompasses three others, Lake Victoria, Lake Malawi, and Lake Tanganika. The country’s terrain varies from a significant  rift valley in the central region, high mountains and arid desert lowlands, as well as coastal plains, with climates ranging from in the east, tropical to semiarid; warm desert in the west; and humid near the coast.  

Table of Physical Environment Data

Measure Data Remarks
Total Area (sq. miles) 390,810 Includes inland water
Land Area (sq. miles) 364,374 Excludes inland water
Inland Water (sq. miles) 26,437 Includes Lake Tanganyika, Lake Niassa, Lake Bangweulu, and Lake Rukwa
Inland Border (miles) 3,073 Amari (517), Ziwa (487)
Coastline (miles) 2,834 Indian Ocean (1,570), Lake Victoria (315), Lake Niassa (439), Lake Tanganyika (511)
Highest Elevation (ft.) 11,220 Mt Hanang
Lowest Elevation (ft.) 0 Sea level
Arable (cultivated) Land (%)
Permanent Crops (%)
Permanent Pasture (%)
Irrigated Land (%)
Forested Land (%)
Urban Area (%)

Terrain

DATE Africa Terrain Regions

Kujenga’s area is 390,810 square miles in the eastern part of central Africa. It shares 3,073 miles of border with several different countries, including Amari and Ziwa to the north, and four major bodies of water—the Indian Ocean, Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Niassa. The country’s varied terrain includes mountainous highlands, high plateaus, deep valleys, lowland plains, and sandy beaches.

Border Disputes

The Tanga region, a small triangle of land defined by the far southeastern Amari border, the Pangani River, and the Indian Ocean formally belongs to Kujenga. However, its populace identifies with Amari, and wishes to join that country. Though the land is not disputed per se, the situation occasionally leads to political tensions between these two neighbors. Armed outbreaks occur episodically, primarily between the local populace and Kujengan security forces, though Amarian security forces have also been involved.

Bodies of Water

Kujenga has the longest Indian Ocean coastline of the DATE Africa countries. It also has the most inland water area, dominated by the great lakes of the African Rift Valleys. From the south, these include Lakes Nyassa (Malawi), Tanganyika, and Victoria. Significant, but lesser freshwater lakes dominate the south, and the alkali Lakes Eyasi and Natron form Kujenga's border with Ziwa.

The 830 km Ruvuma River forms the southern boundary of Kujenga, flowing to the Indian Ocean. The much smaller Umba River forms the Amari-Kujenga border, also terminating at the Indian Ocean.

Mobility Classification

Similar to Amari, Kujenga is characterized by relatively broad a coastal plain gradually rising to a plateau as you travel westward. This corridor is relatively unrestricted all the way to the western frontier at the Kigoma on Lake Tanganyika. Terrain remains unrestricted on a northward branch of this corridor, all the way to the southern shore of Lake Victoria in Ziwa. Not surprisingly, the DARGOMA rail and road corridors follow this route.

Access to the southwestern corner of Kujenga becomes more restricted as the plateau gives way to highlands at the convergence of the East and West Rift Valleys around Mbeya. Travel further west from Mbeya is further hampered by rougher terrain and denser vegetation and wetlands. A well-established road and rail corridor runs southwest from Dar Es Salaam, through Mbeya past Kujenga's southwestern frontier to Lusaka with further connection to southern African cities.

Natural Hazards

Of the hazards listed in the regional assessment, the water and wetland obstacles in far eastern Kujenga are the most challenging. The Kujengan Bush Militia and other armed groups take advantage of these obstacles when selecting bases and areas of operation.

Subterranean Environment

The Amboni cave network, near Tanga in the northeast, is series of 10 limestone caves believed to be East Africa's largest. Though not fully exploited, they have provided safe haven for armed groups operating on the Kujenga-Amari border.

Vegetation

To be published

Agriculture

To be published

Livestock and Wildlife

To be published

Climate and Weather

Kujenga has a widely varied climate depending on location and altitude. The Western Rift Valley and western plateau experience a tropical wet and dry climate defined by rainy and dry seasons. The central highlands and Eastern Rift Valley are temperate (highland climate), with the highest peaks experiencing a sub-alpine climate. The far-eastern central highlands and the eastern lowlands are primarily semiarid. The coastal plains are tropical, with high temperatures and humidity throughout the year. Unique to Kujenga is the Southern Plateau at the southern confluence of the Rift Valleys. It experiences greater rainfall, heat and humidity that the Western Plateau.

East African Monsoon characteristics:

Coastal Plain: The dry season lasts throughout June to October when rainfall is highly unusual (even on the islands). Heavier rainy season March-May with lighter “short” rainy season from November to December. Maximum temperatures range from 30 to 35 degrees Celsius from September-February. The East African coastal alignment is northeast to southwest, resulting in NE trade winds blowing parallel to the coast and seldom blowing inland.

Seasons

Kujenga’s seasons center around the long rains and the short rains, which alternate with two distinct dry seasons. Most of the country experiences the long rains from approximately March through May, the short rains during September through December, and intervening dry seasons in June through August and January through February. In the central highlands, the two rains merge into one long rainy season from March through December, with a single dry season during January through March. The hottest months are January through March, while the coolest are July through August. Temperatures usually vary more from day to night than from season to season.

Season Months Remarks
Long Rains March–May  
Dry June–August continued rain in the central highlands
Short Rains September–December  
Dry January–February  January-March in central highlands

Precipitation

Monthly Average Rainfall (in)
Location Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Tanga val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Morogoro val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Dodoma val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Tabora val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Kigoma val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Mbeya val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Kasama val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12

Temperature-Heat Index

Monthly Average High Temperatures (F)
Location Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Tanga val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Morogoro val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Dodoma val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Tabora val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Kigoma val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Mbeya val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Kasama val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12

Relative Humidity

Monthly Average High Relative Humidity (%)
Location Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Tanga val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Morogoro val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Dodoma val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Tabora val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Kigoma val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Mbeya val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Kasama val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12

Wind

Monthly Average Prevailing Wind Speeds (Knots)
Location Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Tanga val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Morogoro val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Dodoma val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Tabora val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Kigoma val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Mbeya val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12
Kasama val1 val2 val3 val4 val5 val6 val7 val8 val9 val10 val11 val12

Summary

To be published

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