Infrastructure: Olvana

We welcome your constructive feedback:(Right-click, "Open in new tab") Africa • Caucasus • Europe • Pacific • WEG • Force Structures

Using the DATE • TC 7-101 Exercise Design • Download

DATE Pacific > Olvana > Infrastructure: Olvana ←You are here

While the region’s five major countries have a significant number of rural residents, more than half of Olvana’s residents live in urban areas (57.9 percent). The country contains a mixture of modern urban cities and primitive rural villages. Modern utilities are predominantly in the major cities and at reasonable levels throughout the rural countryside. Ninety-nine percent of the nation has access to electricity with 100 percent of urban areas and 99.8 percent of rural areas respectively.   Ninety-five percent of Olvana has access to potable water, while only 76.5 percent of the nation having access to sanitation systems (predominantly in the developed urban areas).

The Olvana infrastructure is modern and continues to improve as the urbanization continues. Significant emphasis is placed on the modernizing of the infrastructure in the past 20 years. Olvana has a state of the art mass transit system.  The Olvanese government continues to subsidize the mass transit system to increase ridership and decrease congestion on the roads and air pollution.  Airports range from large international airports that can handle almost any aircraft currently in production to small-unimproved dirt strips.  Seaports are modern and can handle all modern cargo vessels. The country recently suffered from high levels of pollution in the urban areas and the government has made policies to combat pollution in urban environments.  Air pollution has improved significantly but ground and water pollution are still way above acceptable western levels.

Construction Patterns

Many of the urban and suburban cities contain skyscraper buildings (of at least 100m tall), apartment complexes, and residential suburbs. Typical rural construction in the north is stone, tamped mud or sundried bricks reinforced with straw.  In the south is the typical construction is wood, brick or woven bamboo.  In both areas, the roofs are typically peaked and covered in tile.  The rural houses are typically built around a courtyard, this is to provide protection from the winds and provide places to keep animals such as pigs and chickens. 

Construction patterns in Olvana’s urban areas are high-rise construction and urban sprawl.  The houses on the outskirts of the major urban area are generally one to two story homes built with a courtyard in the center.  The Olvanese government has invested in urban planning to ensure it is not only sustainable but with plans that go out in five, 10 and 50 year planning cycles to ensure they stay at the forefront and can provide for growth.  Due to vast amounts of rural areas, cities are not limited to just upward construction they can also continue to expand.

Military operations in urban areas will initially benefit from modern electricity, water, sewage, and other utility services.  Urban areas provide the additional networks of the vertical structures that will need to be dealt with as well as vast subterranean networks for transportation and infrastructure.  Due to the expansive metropolitan population, Olvana will require extensive intensive urban operations.

Major Olvanian Cities and Urban Zones

Olvana has five major cities that account for approximately 40 percent of population density of the nation.

Shanghai

Shanghai (population 29.87 million residents) is the capital city and largest city in Olvana.  Shanghai is also the largest city in the world.  It is the financial hub of Olvana and is a global powerhouse.  It has the world’s longest metropolitan transportation system with 587 km of track and tunnels.  The road network is modern and the hub for national highway network.  It contains Olvana’s largest port and is a center sea commerce.  The architecture is a combination of modern steel and concrete construction and buildings dating back to 1,400 years ago.  There are over 30 universities in the city with some run by the Olvanese government. Tourism plays a significant role in the economy of the city.

Chongqing

Chongqing (population 17.54 million residents), is located 1447 km to the west of Shanghai.  The city become of major importance with the building of the Three Gorges Dam.  It is built in the mountains and bordered by the Yangtze and Jialing Rivers. Chongqing has the most bridges of any area in all of Olvanese with over 50 crossing the rivers, with the bulk of them meeting western standards.  Chongqing has 15 college and universities that range from military universities to medical schools.  The city has modern skyscrapers and traditional Olvanese construction in close proximity.  The downtown is a series of high-rise skyscrapers and multistory apartment buildings.

Guangzhou

Guangzhou (population 17.72 million residents) is located 1447 km southwest of Shanghai.  The city has been in existence for over 2,200 years and has continued to modernize throughout the years.  It maintains many historic buildings and temples while becoming a modern city.  The construction is concrete and steel for the skyscrapers and multistory apartment buildings.  The road network is consistent with western standards.  The local government continues to update the infrastructure to ensure it is capable of meeting all the demands placed on it.

Wuhan

Wuhan (population 11.14 million residents) is located 690 km west of Shanghai.  The port of Wuhan is currently going through a major overhaul. The Olvanese government is investing in expanding the port to increase capacity throughput from three berths to 22. The city has experienced a rapid growth over the past 15 years, the city planners were able to keep the infrastructure increasing at the same rate. The local government has invested heavily in environmentally friendly manufacturing and construction to decrease pollution and has made significant gains.  The majority of construction is high-rise buildings for offices of steel and concrete construction.  Multi story apartment buildings made of concrete and brick are throughout the city.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong (population 10.42 million residents) is located 1223 km south of Shanghai.  The port of Hong Kong is one of the busiest ports in Olvana and the world.  Three years ago, the infrastructure of Hong Kong was ranked the best in the world.  The buildings throughout the city range from ones built in the late 19th century to current modern skyscrapers.  As space is at a premium for construction many old buildings have fallen into a state of disrepair and are being torn down to make way for vertical construction (skyscrapers).  The main construction in the city center is modern high-rise construction.  The city has a vast ferry network to transport many of the workers to the island to work every day.

Population Density

• Shanghai: 2,059 per square km
• Chongqing: 350 per square km
• Guangzhou: 1,800 per square km
• Wuhan: 1,200 per square km
• Hong Kong: 600 per square km

Utilities Present

The Pacific faces a dichotomy when it comes to utilities present such as electricity, water, and sewage treatment. The majority of urban households can access modern utilities, but the rural areas have a more limited access to a number of them.  Rural areas still have a communal water source and twin vault alternating pit latrines.

Power

Olvana's total power generating capacity is over 888 gigawatts. Most of their power plants are coal fired (63%), with hydroelectric a distant second, accounting for 25% of the total. Ten nuclear plants produce just over 29,000 MW, or three percent of the national total capacity. Less that one percent of the population does not have access to electricity. While the proportional contribution of wind and solar power is negligible due to the sheer volume of power produced, over 11,000 MW is produced by wind power. The limited impact of the solar and wind power is due to outdated transmission grid and requires updating to make any substantial impact. While the transmission grid may require modernization, almost half of the country's power is diversified across 1,500 plants rated below 1,500 MW. The major plants are listed in the following table.

Active Power Plants (Over 1,500 MW)

Name	Cap. (MW)	Latitude	Longitude	Fuel
Olvana Coal Plant No. 1	2,136	19.9595	110.0317	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 2	2,520	21.5454	111.6678	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 3	2,580	21.5918	108.3947	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 4	2,000	21.7018	108.6227	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 5	2,000	21.8661	112.9213	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 6	5,000	21.8664	112.9175	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 7	2,250	22.2185	114.1098	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 8	4,068	22.376	113.9214	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 9	1,800	22.4818	113.872	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 10	2,000	22.6059	114.7433	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 11	3,200	22.7061	115.5543	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 12	1,980	22.7489	113.6807	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 13	2,000	22.7563	115.0426	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 14	1,900	22.8141	113.5678	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 15	2,000	22.9657	112.1079	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 16	3,200	23.0056	116.5468	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 17	4,000	23.1885	116.6553	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 18	3,200	23.5655	117.0973	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 19	3,600	24.3048	118.1261	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 20	2,100	24.5852	113.5831	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 21	2,000	24.7277	118.7478	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 22	2,090	24.7373	111.3464	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 23	2,000	25.157	119.0289	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 24	2,400	25.1995	104.6826	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 25	1,840	25.2038	118.9439	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 26	2,400	25.4692	104.5912	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 27	2,400	26.1872	104.1106	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 28	2,400	26.3251	104.7695	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 29	2,400	26.3736	119.7621	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 30	2,520	26.7575	119.7359	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 31	1,920	27.0467	115.0203	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 32	2,000	27.4974	120.663	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 33	2,000	27.7855	116.5638	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 34	1,820	27.8592	113.1195	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 35	4,200	28.1142	121.1398	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 36	2,520	28.1957	115.7097	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 37	1,800	28.2878	117.2231	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 38	1,800	28.5971	112.2683	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 39	1,620	28.6411	106.7531	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 40	2,000	29.0132	121.6968	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 41	2,400	29.1861	119.5058	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 42	2,640	29.3467	106.4339	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 43	4,400	29.481	121.5109	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 44	2,400	29.505	121.6627	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 45	2,000	29.6625	113.8737	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 46	2,000	29.7592	122.1262	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 47	5,000	29.9433	121.815	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 48	1,560	29.9445	121.6869	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 49	1,920	30.1621	106.5474	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 50	2,020	30.2031	115.1803	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 51	2,400	30.5298	106.8256	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 52	2,000	30.5414	117.1746	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 53	1,900	30.5519	114.6425	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 54	2,000	30.6251	121.1416	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 55	2,400	30.6283	121.1436	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 56	2,000	30.6565	113.9139	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 57	2,100	30.6777	108.4004	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 58	2,000	30.762	121.3997	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 59	2,000	31.3508	121.6017	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 60	1,960	31.3528	121.5994	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 61	2,520	31.4662	121.4009	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 62	1,880	31.6566	121.1799	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 63	3,320	31.7563	120.9731	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 64	1,950	31.7566	120.979	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 65	1,960	31.8045	104.7679	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 66	2,400	31.9122	112.1662	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 67	3,920	31.9403	120.0764	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 68	2,000	32.0324	120.772	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 69	2,640	32.0577	121.728	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 70	1,920	32.1099	114.1406	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 71	2,060	32.1716	119.0195	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 72	3,980	32.1779	119.5766	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 73	4,000	32.1861	119.9145	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 74	2,000	32.1949	119.2494	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 75	2,460	32.2684	119.4193	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 76	2,400	32.6837	117.0753	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 77	2,480	32.6853	116.9021	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 78	2,000	32.6889	116.8986	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 79	2,580	32.7456	116.8134	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 80	2,520	32.7579	116.6492	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 81	2,000	32.896	116.2425	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 82	1,900	33.3082	112.6451	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 83	2,000	33.8211	113.0146	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 84	2,020	34.1748	113.3565	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 85	2,000	34.3071	120.2469	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 86	2,000	34.3817	117.1756	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 87	2,000	34.3858	117.256	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 88	2,660	34.5782	119.1275	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 89	1,800	34.6847	111.0274	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 90	2,060	34.8144	117.5743	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 91	3,400	35.1679	112.7162	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 92	4,400	35.322	116.9292	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 93	3,300	35.467	112.5739	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 94	2,400	35.5014	106.7871	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 95	2,400	35.6002	110.5569	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 96	2,200	35.8512	114.1781	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 97	2,000	36.1365	117.6876	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 98	1,800	36.2122	116.512	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 99	3,960	36.6148	116.2194	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 100	2,000	36.6656	119.2648	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 101	2,640	36.8972	117.8613	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 102	1,920	37.0089	114.4842	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 103	2,000	37.2684	118.9069	Coal
Olvana Coal Plant No. 104	2,080	37.4323	120.0177	Coal
Olvana Gas Plant No. 1	2,500	22.41	113.91	Gas
Olvana Gas Plant No. 2	1,516	24.56	118.64	Gas
Olvana Gas Plant No. 3	1,528	25.22	119	Gas
Olvana Gas Plant No. 4	1,560	30.85	121.83	Gas
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 1	1,920	20.8082	105.3233	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 2	2,400	21.4971	103.996	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 3	5,850	22.6409	100.4287	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 4	2,400	23.27	114.31	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 5	2,400	23.7657	113.9536	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 6	1,605	24.62	100.45	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 7	6,300	25.0277	107.0431	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 8	2,160	26.2	100.82	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 9	3,000	26.52	101.44	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 10	1,900	26.53	100.42	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 11	2,800	26.81	100.45	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 12	3,300	26.82	101.78	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 13	4,750	27.3488	100.5061	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 14	3,000	27.3744	107.633	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 15	2,400	27.68	100.29	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 16	2,400	27.82	101.88	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 17	2,400	27.8221	101.9025	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 18	3,600	28.1823	101.6316	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 19	4,400	28.2485	101.6445	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 20	12,600	28.26	103.65	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 21	13,050	28.2606	103.6484	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 22	6,448	28.6437	104.393	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 23	1,750	29.2	108.2	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 24	4,260	29.21	102.84	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 25	2,100	29.31	103.48	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 26	2,600	29.45	102.22	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 27	1,600	30.44	110.34	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 28	1,800	30.47	119.61	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 29	3,190	30.7397	111.2695	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 30	22,500	30.8235	111.0032	Hydro
Olvana Hydro Plant No. 31	1,800	34.92	112.36	Hydro
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 1	2,000	21.67	108.56	Nuclear
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 2	4,000	21.71	112.26	Nuclear
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 3	1,888	22.6	114.54	Nuclear
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 4	3,914	22.6	114.55	Nuclear
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 5	4,000	25.4426	119.444	Nuclear
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 6	4,072	27.0446	120.2855	Nuclear
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 7	4,101	30.433	120.9501	Nuclear
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 8	2,024	30.44	120.94	Nuclear
Olvana Nuclear Plant No. 9	1,980	34.69	119.46	Nuclear

Water

Nearly all of the population in urban areas (97.5 percent) in Olvana have access to improved potable water. As areas become more rural, only 93 percent have access relying on local sources (rivers and streams) or community wells.

The urbanization of the population has caused significant strain on water delivery systems; the government has initiated projects to improve the water quality and access. In many of the rural areas, the water is polluted from spills from either factories, raw sewage or illegal dumping. Rural Olvanese have nearly over 10% of their water supply that is not safe to use even for irrigation due to heavy metal contamination. Military personnel should find potable water in the urban areas but may see a shortage in the rural areas.  Prior to use of any local water source they should be tested and potentially treat for contamination.

Sewage

Olvanese that reside in the urban areas have access to some sort of sewage system.  86.6 percent of residents have access to improved sanitation services. 13.4 percent of residents have access to unimproved facilities (pit latrines).  In the rural areas, only 63.7 percent of the population has access to improved sewage (septic / modern pipes); the remaining 36.3 percent have access to twin vault alternating pit latrines.  Only a small portion of the wastewater is treated which has led to contamination of 61.5 percent of groundwater and 28.8 percent of key rivers being determined to be not suitable for human contact. Due to limited wastewater treatment facilities, most domestic wastewater is discharged without treatment.  Five years ago the government has dramatically increased the emphasis on reducing pollution to include water contamination.  The government has several projects approved for modernizing the sewage system in both urban and rural areas.

Transportation Architecture

Roads are the primary transportation method throughout Olvana.  The rail network of the country is very modern as it has been upgraded or installed in the past 15 years to support mass transit.  The government has invested and subsidized mass transit over the past 12 years to help reduce pollution and congestion.  The majority of roads are in good condition as they are paid for through a toll system and private companies.

Road Systems

Overall, roads in Olvana meet US or Western European standards.  The exception will be in the rural and smaller villages that still have something a little wider than a footpath to get through them.  Driving can be hazardous as the enforcement of traffic laws vary greatly across the nation.  In general, drivers drive chaotic and unregulated, Olvana has one of the highest rate of accidents in the region.  Of note, that pedestrians do not have the right of way when crossing a road (even at a crosswalk).  Due to large amounts of congestion on the roadways, the drivers will drive very aggressively. 

Olvana has a vast national road network of 4,602,150 km that includes 4,100,225 km of paved roads.  The road network consists mainly of three types of national roads: Freeways, Olvana National Highways, and Express Routes.  Freeways are toll roads that are unencumbered by stoplights / signs and cross traffic is separated.  Olvana National Highways are trunk roads across the country they may have portions that are toll roads.  Express routes are freeways that run through the major urban areas.  The government of Olvana does not maintain any of road networks as that is left to for profit businesses and the local cities, towns and villages. Most urban roads have heavy traffic and are viewed as dangerous because of aggressive driving habits.

Military traffic / convoys on the road networks will be stressed due to large amounts of traffic and the aggressive driving nature of the Olvanese and impatience to wait in traffic.

Bus

All towns and villages have at least daily bus traffic through the area.  The majority of urban areas will have multiple bus stations that have regularly scheduled departure to points around the city or cross country routes. The bus companies are independently owned and operated.  The buses run both in the major metropolitan areas and to the more rural areas.  Due to relatively low cost of other methods of public transportation (bullet trains / subway), buses are typically used for shorter distance travel within major urban areas and between rural towns and villages.

Buses operate throughout Olvana, providing mainly travel to the civilian population within the urban areas. Very few Olvanese use them for long distance travel, as there are other more efficient and reliable ways to move around the nation. The buses used by the private companies do not come from any predominant company. Many of the buses have air conditioning and have been upgraded to be electric for operation in the city. Many of the major bus companies originate their lines from the major metropolitan areas and then run to the more rural areas.  The Olvanese government has been subsidizing the bus system to help pay for upgrades to the mass transit system and in an effort to decrease pollution.

Any military operations in the country that affect the bus system may cause strain on the mass transportation system and cause extended delays resulting in a decreased perception of military forces by the civilian population.

Rail

The country has 110,000 km of rail in the country, with 75,000 km of rail currently electrified and 22,000 km being high speed rail.  Olvana approved several projects to modernize the rail system over the past 15 years to improve commuter travel throughout the nation.  The main project is a high-speed rail line to help decrease pollution and congestion throughout the country.  Olvana rail consists of standard gauge (1.435 m) which is in use by the neighboring countries.  The locomotives used in Olvana are diesel or electric.  Of note 28 of 33 provinces are connected by high speed rail.

Air Transportation Systems

All five countries maintain both paved and unpaved runways of varying distances. Many of the unpaved runways resemble cleared dirt strips not suitable for most modern aircraft.

Olvana contains 300 airports. Very little is known about the unpaved runways in Olvana.  The map shows the location of all the major airports and the chart below shows the details for each runway.  Of note, less than 33 percent of the airspace is allocated to civilian aircraft. During times of military exercises that can be decreased to less than 25 percent that causes an already stressed system that have hours of delays and hundreds of cancelled flights.   Olvana’s known runways by length include the following:

Paved Runways

• Over 10,000 feet: 71
• 8,000 to 10,000 feet: 150
• 5,000 to 8,000 feet: 115
• 3,000 to 5,000 feet: 25
• Under 3,000 feet: 86

Airfield Data

Olvana Civil Airfields

City	ICAO ID	DLAT	DLONG	Elev. (Feet)	Rwy Lgt (Feet)	Rwy Wdth (Feet)	Surface	Lights	Rmks
Kunming	ZPPP	25.10194	102.9292	6903	13123	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Hong Kong	VHHH	22.3089	113.915	28	12467	197	ASP	Yes	sched. svc.
Shanghai	ZSPD	31.1434	121.805	13	12467	197	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Hanoi	VVNB	21.2212	105.807	39	12466	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Fuzhou	ZSFZ	25.9351	119.663	46	11841	150	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Jinan	ZSJN	36.8572	117.216	76	11812	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Guangzhou	ZGGG	23.3924	113.299	50	11811	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Haikou	ZJHK	19.9349	110.459	75	11811	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Nanjing	ZSNJ	31.742	118.862	49	11811	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Chengdu	ZUUU	30.5785	103.947	1625	11811	197	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Xichang	ZUXC	27.9891	102.184	5112	11811	164	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Aba	AHJ	32.53154	102.3522	11600	11800	150	CON	Yes
Xuzhou	ZSXZ	34.05906	117.5553	0	11548	147	concrete	Yes	sched. svc.
Shenzhen	ZGSZ	22.6393	113.811	13	11155	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Zhengzhou	ZHCC	34.5197	113.841	495	11155	197	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Wuhan	ZHHH	30.7838	114.208	113	11155	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Sanya	ZJSY	18.3029	109.412	92	11155	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Xiamen	ZSAM	24.544	118.128	59	11155	148	ASP	Yes	sched. svc.
Qingdao	ZSQD	36.2661	120.374	33	11155	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Hangzhou	ZSHC	30.2295	120.434	23	11154	197	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Shanghai	ZSSS	31.1979	121.336	10	11154	148	ASP	Yes	sched. svc.
Hong Kong	VHHX	22.3203	114.1981	28	11122	200	Asphalt	Yes
Macau	VMMC	22.1496	113.592	20	10544	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Sao Vang	VV01	19.9028	105.47	377	10535	150	ASP	No
Guiyang	ZUGY	26.5385	106.801	3736	10500	197	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Ningbo	ZSNB	29.8267	121.462	13	10499	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Chongqing	ZUCK	29.7192	106.642	1365	10499	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Shang-I	RCBS	24.4279	118.359	93	9865	148	ASP	Yes	sched. svc.
Hefei	ZSOF	31.78	117.298	108	9843	164	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Xi'an	ZLXY	34.4471	108.752	1572	9842	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Guilin City	ZGKL	25.2181	110.039	570	9186	147	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Shantou	ZGOW	23.552	116.5033	0	9186	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Nanchang	ZSCN	28.865	115.9	143	9186	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Nanning	ZGNN	22.6083	108.172	421	8858	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Linfen	ZBLF	36.13263	111.6412	1483	8530	148	Asphalt	Yes	sched. svc.
Changsha	ZGHA	28.1892	113.22	217	8530	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Weihai	ZSWH	37.1871	122.229	145	8530	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Yantai	ZSYT	37.4017	121.372	59	8530	148	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Shantou	CN-0036	23.4269	116.762	29	8202	148	CON	No
Hai Phong	VV03	20.8034	106.605	50	8200	131	ASP	No
Haiphong	VVCI	20.8194	106.725	6	7880	164	ASP	Yes	sched. svc.
Vinh	VVVH	18.7376	105.671	23	7875	148	ASP	No	sched. svc.
Son-La	VVNS	21.217	104.033	2133	7874	0	UNK	No
Yangzhou and Taizhou	ZSYA	32.5634	119.7198	7	7874	0	Concrete	No	sched. svc.
Dien Bien Phu	VVDB	21.3975	103.008	1611	6003	100	CON	No	sched. svc.
Nangang Island	RCFG	26.1598	119.958	232	5180	98	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Beigan Island	RCMT	26.2242	120.003	41	3773	98	CON	Yes	sched. svc.
Sam Neua Airport	VLSN	20.4184	104.067	3281	3715	80	ASP	No
Guangzhou	CN-0001	23.1842	113.266	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Lushan Heliport	CN-0017	29.66438	116.08	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Kunming	CN-0032	24.9924	102.7435	6221	ND	ND	ND	No
Zhanyi Airport	CN-0035	25.5922	103.829	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Yongji	CN-0037	34.8723	110.361	1236	ND	ND	ND	No
Dongyu Island	CN-0038	19.14025	110.5632	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Yuanjiang	CN-0039	23.5847	102.01	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Dangyang	CN-0042	30.823	111.8121	200	ND	ND	ND	No
Yichang	CN-0044	30.671	111.4404	235	ND	ND	ND	No
Yeuyang	CN-0047	29.424	113.0416	90	ND	ND	ND	No
Panzhihua	CN-0050	26.54	101.7985	1620	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Zigong	CN-0051	29.37648	104.6258	1133	ND	ND	ND	No
Leshan	CN-0052	29.7334	103.6122	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Changsha	CN-0055	28.0689	112.958	170	ND	ND	ND	No
Guangzhou East Airfield	CN-0059	23.1647	113.369	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Foshan	CN-0061	23.0833	113.07	6	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Bazhong	CN-0062	31.73842	106.6449	1804	ND	ND	ND	No
Haikou City Airfield	CN-0064	20.0189	110.347	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Hanzhong	CN-0065	33.0636	107.008	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Huizhou	CN-0068	23.05	114.6	50	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Danfeng	CN-0073	33.70853	110.2493	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Shaoguan	CN-0079	24.9786	113.421	280	ND	ND	ND	No
Ji'an	CN-0081	26.8569	114.737	281	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Baise	CN-0082	23.7206	106.96	490	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Tianshui	CN-0130	34.5594	105.86	3590	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Hangzhou	CN-0153	30.3353	120.241	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Nanchang	CN-0162	28.6356	115.93	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Shanghai	CN-0171	31.1669	121.454	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Shanghai	CN-0173	31.333	121.5	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Zhangzhou/Chang-Chou Airfield	CN-0183	24.5625	117.654	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Nantong	CN-NTG	32.0708	120.976	16	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Golog	GMQ	34.41807	100.3011	12426	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Huai'an	HIA	33.79083	119.125	28	ND	ND	ND	No
Hong Kong	HK-0001	22.38024	114.1898	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Hong Kong	HK-0002	22.29891	114.1568	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Hong Kong	HK-0003	22.30017	114.1723	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Ping Chau Island	HK-0004	22.54333	114.4306	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Cheung Chau Island	HK-0005	22.20817	114.0341	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Zhengzhou	HSJ	34.84215	113.274	450	ND	ND	ND	No
Qianjiang	JIQ	29.51333	108.8311	2075	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Chizhou	JUH	30.7403	117.6856	60	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Muang Ou Tai	LA-0003	22.12194	101.7992	2314	ND	ND	ND	No
Linfen	LFQ	36.04306	111.4967	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Ninglang	NLH	27.5403	100.7593	10750	ND	ND	ND	No
Phongsaly	PCQ	21.6475	101.9	3050	ND	ND	ND	No
Shangrao	SQD	28.3797	117.9643	340	ND	ND	ND	No
Sanming	SQJ	26.4263	117.8336	830	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Hong Kong	VHST	22.28937	114.1522	107	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Hanoi	VN-0003	20.99316	105.833	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Yangzhou Taizhou Airport	YTY	32.56018	119.7171	16	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Changzhi	ZBCZ	36.2475	113.126	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Handan	ZBHD	36.52583	114.4256	229	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Xingtai	ZBXT	36.8831	114.4293	280	ND	ND	ND	No
Yuncheng	ZBYC	35.11639	111.0314	1242	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Beihai	ZGBH	21.5394	109.294	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Changde	ZGCD	28.9189	111.64	128	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Huaihua	ZGCJ	27.44111	109.7	882	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Dayong	ZGDY	29.1028	110.443	692	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Hechi	ZGHC	24.805	107.6997	2221	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Hengyang	ZGHY	26.9053	112.628	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Louding City	ZGLD	22.71117	111.6013	190	ND	ND	ND	No
Yongzhou	ZGLG	26.33866	111.61	340	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Meixian	ZGMX	24.35	116.133	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Zhuhai	ZGSD	22.0064	113.376	23	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Wuzhou	ZGWZ	23.4567	111.248	89	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Xingning	ZGXN	24.1492	115.758	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Liuzhou	ZGZH	24.2075	109.391	295	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Zhanjiang	ZGZJ	21.2144	110.358	125	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Anyang	ZHAY	36.1339	114.344	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Enshi	ZHES	30.3203	109.485	1605	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Luoyang	ZHLY	34.7411	112.388	840	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Nanyang	ZHNY	32.9808	112.615	840	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Shennongjia	ZHSN	31.626	110.34	8365	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Shashi	ZHSS	30.32429	112.2799	112	ND	ND	ND	No
Shiyan	ZHSY	32.59167	110.9078	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Xiangfan	ZHXF	32.1506	112.291	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Yichang	ZHYC	30.55655	111.48	673	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Qionghai	ZJQH	19.13824	110.4548	30	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Ankang	ZLAK	32.7081	108.931	860	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Lanzhou	ZLAN	36.03333	103.8667	5040	ND	ND	ND	No
Guyuan	ZLGY	36.07889	106.2169	5696	ND	ND	ND	No
Hanzhong	ZLHZ	33.13414	107.206	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Jining	ZLJN	35.29278	116.3467	134	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Pucheng	ZLPC	34.83335	109.5443	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Qingyang	ZLQY	35.7997	107.603	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Xi'an	ZLSN	34.3767	109.12	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Xiahe	ZLXH	34.8105	102.6447	10510	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Xiaguan	ZPDL	25.6494	100.319	7050	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Shangri-La	ZPDQ	27.7936	99.6772	10761	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Lijiang	ZPLJ	26.68	100.246	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Pu'er	ZPSM	22.7933	100.959	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Wenshan	ZPWS	23.5583	104.3255	5217	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Zhaotong	ZPZT	27.3256	103.755	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Anqing	ZSAQ	30.5822	117.05	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Bengbu	ZSBB	32.84773	117.3202	100	ND	ND	ND	No
Changzhou	ZSCG	31.9197	119.779	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Fuyang	ZSFY	32.88216	115.7344	104	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Ganzhou	ZSGZ	25.85333	114.7789	387	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Jingdezhen	ZSJD	29.3386	117.176	112	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Jiujiang	ZSJJ	29.47694	115.8011	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Quzhou	ZSJU	28.9658	118.899	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Longyan	ZSLD	25.6747	116.747	1225	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Lianyungang	ZSLG	34.57167	118.8736	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Huangyan	ZSLQ	28.5622	121.429	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Linyi	ZSLY	35.0461	118.412	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Quanzhou	ZSQZ	24.7964	118.59	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Rizhao	ZSRZ	35.40503	119.3244	121	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Suzhou	ZSSZ	31.2631	120.401	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Huangshan	ZSTX	29.7333	118.256	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Weifang	ZSWF	36.6467	119.119	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Wuxi	ZSWX	31.4944	120.429	24	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Wuyishan	ZSWY	27.7019	118.001	614	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Wenzhou	ZSWZ	27.9122	120.852	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Yichun	ZSYC	27.8025	114.3062	430	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Yancheng	ZSYN	33.42583	120.2031	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Yiwu	ZSYW	29.3447	120.032	262	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Zhoushan	ZSZS	29.9342	122.362	3	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Anshun	ZUAS	26.26056	105.8733	4812	ND	ND	ND	No
Bijie	ZUBJ	27.26707	105.4721	4751	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Dazhou	ZUDX	31.1302	107.4295	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Civil Aviation Flight University of China	ZUGH	30.9485	104.3296	1531	ND	ND	ND	No
Guangyuan	ZUGU	32.3911	105.702	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Jiuzhaigou	ZUJZ	32.85333	103.6822	11327	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Huangping	ZUKJ	26.972	107.988	3115	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Liangping	ZULP	30.6794	107.786	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Luzhou	ZULZ	28.8522	105.393	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Mianyang	ZUMY	31.4281	104.741	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Nanchong	ZUNC	30.79545	106.1626	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Liping	ZUNP	26.32217	109.1499	1620	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Suining	ZUSN	30.4713	105.6109	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Tongren Fenghuang Airport	ZUTR	27.88333	109.3089	0	ND	ND	ND	No
Wanxian	ZUWX	30.8017	108.433	0	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Yibin	ZUYB	28.80056	104.545	924	ND	ND	ND	No
Xingyi	ZUYI	25.08639	104.9594	4150	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.
Zunyi	ZUZY	27.5895	107.0007	2920	ND	ND	ND	No	sched. svc.

Olvana Military Airfields

City	ICAO ID	DLAT	DLONG	Elev. (Feet)	Rwy Lgt (Feet)	Rwy Wdth (Feet)	Surface	Lights	Rmks
Suixi Air Base	CN-0080	21.3958	110.2	0	9186	164	ND	ND
Kep Air Base	VVKP	21.3946	106.261	55	7230	150	ASP	ND
Gia Lam Air Base	VVGL	21.0405	105.886	50	6571	100	ASP	ND
Shek Kong Air Base	VHSK	22.4366	114.08	50	6180	110	ASP	ND
Nanjing Air Base	CN-0002	31.9983	118.812	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Yuanmou Air Base	CN-0012	25.7375	101.882	3810	ND	ND	ND	ND
Chengdu Air Base	CN-0026	30.7053	103.95	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Chongqing Air Base	CN-0030	29.4953	106.359	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Dazu Air Base	CN-0034	29.63623	105.7736	1220	ND	ND	ND	ND
Luliang Air Base	CN-0041	24.9883	103.642	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Mengzi Air Base	CN-0043	23.3953	103.334	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Qionglai Air Base	CN-0045	30.49	103.465	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Wenshan Air Base	CN-0048	23.7156	103.827	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Xiangyun Midu Air Base	CN-0049	25.4453	100.735	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Baihe Ning Ming Air Base	CN-0053	22.1206	107.125	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Dangyang Air Base	CN-0056	30.7986	111.81	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Foluo Northeast Air Base	CN-0057	18.6922	109.161	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Guiping Mengshu Air Base	CN-0063	23.3308	110.009	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Guiyang Air Base	CN-0066	26.40994	106.5323	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Queshan Air Base	CN-0067	32.54082	114.0791	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Jialaishi Air Base	CN-0069	19.6972	109.726	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Leiyang Air Base	CN-0071	26.5872	112.892	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Lingshui Air Base	CN-0072	18.4944	109.988	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Shangqiu Air Base	CN-0074	34.44951	115.4593	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Meixian Air Base	CN-0075	24.265	116.1	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Zhengzhou Air Base	CN-0076	34.86125	113.7296	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Wuhan Air Base	CN-0084	30.5986	114.242	80	ND	ND	ND	ND
Xiaogan Air Base	CN-0085	30.9544	113.911	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Baitabu Air Base	CN-0089	34.5714	118.875	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Jiaozhou/Jiaocheng Air Base	CN-0092	36.3306	120.024	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Jinan Air Base	CN-0093	36.6792	116.921	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Kaifeng Air Base	CN-0095	34.7539	114.339	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Laiyang Air Base	CN-0096	36.9636	120.591	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Luyang Air Base	CN-0097	33.6847	112.891	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Qingdao-Cangkou Air Base	CN-0100	36.1592	120.392	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Wendeng Air Base	CN-0103	37.2647	122.023	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Xuzhou Daguozhang Air Base	CN-0105	34.0589	117.558	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Xuzhou Jiulishan Air Base	CN-0106	34.2306	117.246	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Yidu Air Base	CN-0109	36.5914	118.527	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Zhucheng Air Base	CN-0111	36.0275	119.439	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Baoji Air Base	CN-0114	34.5317	107.472	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Lanzhou Air Base	CN-0123	35.9178	104.218	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Ljtao Air Base	CN-0125	35.3083	103.836	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Wugong Air Base	CN-0134	34.2742	108.266	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Xian Air Base	CN-0137	34.1539	108.599	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Xincheng Air Base	CN-0138	25.5483	114.619	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Yanliang Air Base	CN-0140	34.6439	109.243	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Changzing Air Base	CN-0145	30.9686	119.731	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Daishan Air Base	CN-0146	30.2878	122.145	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Feidong Air Base	CN-0147	31.9094	117.659	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Fuzhou Air Base	CN-0149	26.0044	119.312	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Huian Air Base	CN-0152	25.0261	118.807	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Jiaxing Air Base	CN-0154	30.70664	120.6806	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Longtian/Lung-T'ien Air Base	CN-0158	25.5728	119.46	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Longyou Air Base	CN-0159	29.1131	119.177	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Mahuiling Air Base	CN-0161	29.4772	115.802	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Nanchang Xiangtang Air Base	CN-0163	28.4208	115.924	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Ningbo Zhangqiao Air Base	CN-0165	29.9228	121.574	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Shanghai Dachang Air Base	CN-0169	31.3236	121.411	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Zhangshu Air Base	CN-0182	28.0217	115.551	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Yên Bái Air Base	VN-0004	21.73476	104.8527	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Guangzhou MR Air Base	ZHGH	32.3894	111.695	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Rugao Air Base	ZSRG	32.25788	120.5017	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Wuhu Air Base	ZSWU	31.3906	118.409	0	ND	ND	ND	ND
Qingdao Naval Base	CN-0101	36.0469	120.284	0	ND	ND	ND	ND	seaplane base

Airports/Airlines

Air Olvana Airlines is the flagship carrier for Olvana.  Air Olvana Airlines flies internationally to 14 countries across the world.  Multiple international airports operate in Olvana predominately on the west coast and central area.  Olvana possess enough airports to support major military operations.  The airlines do not travel on time and are plagued with cancelled flights and hours long delays.

Ports/Sea/River Transportation Systems

The Olvana fleet consists of 697 cargo ships, 1,040 bulk carrier ships, 400 petroleum, and 150 container ships.

Port	Berths	Berth Size	Storage Yard	TEU capacity	Additional Comments
Shanghai	125	82 berths can accommodate 10 thousand DWT and above	293k sq meters of warehouses and 4.7million sq meters of storage yards	36,516,000	Mainly government controlled – limited civilian investment
Shenzen	16	Deep water	921.7 acres of storage	24,142,000	Fastest growing port in country
Ningbo	315	74 Natural deep water	High capacity	20,636,000	Main uses stevedoring, transfer and storage of iron ore imports, handling both foreign and domestic containers. Major cargoes also include bulk cargoes, crude oil, product oil, liquid chemical products, grains, and coal
Quinhuangdao	50	44 deep water
Tianjin	100	Not deep water	865+ acres of storage additional liquid and refrigeration storage	13,881,000
Qingdao	62	Deep water	272 acres	17,323,000
Dalian	80	38 Deep water	74 acres of warehouses; 445 million acres of storage	9,591,000

Pipelines

Olvana has 70,000 km of gas pipelines, 20,000 km of crude oil pipelines, 23,000 km of refined petroleum products pipelines, and 700,000 km of water pipelines.  The gas pipelines along the west coast from the southernmost point to the northern border, they also run from the northeast boarder to Shanghai.  Three of the pipelines cross in to adjacent countries.  The crude oil pipelines follow generally the same routs.  These pipelines are government owned and operated.  The gas pipelines are extremely vital to the infrastructure as they provide the natural gas to use for heat and power and move away from coal.

Telecommunications Architecture

In Olvana, almost all citizens can access a telephone and listen to a radio or television, and over 54 percent of the population has access to the internet.  Approximately 10 years ago the countries six telecommunications companies were merged to create three telecommunications companies.  Olvanese operate approximately 230 million landlines and a billion cell phones.  The country has approximately 1000 stations that are government owned.  The government operates all television stations. Cable is the main provider of television channels.  (See Information variable for additional details.)

Agriculture

8.5 percent of Olvanese engage in agricultural work, which account for only 10 percent of the country’s GDP. The bulk of Olvanese farms are medium sized farms.  The major agriculture productions in the country are wheat, sorghum, millet, barley, soybeans, rice, and radishes.  The current agriculture production is sufficient to sustain the population and the country exports grains and meat to meet the demand of the populace.

Industry

The Olvana industrial complex is the number one producer of steel in the world, the largest consumer / producer of chemicals accounting for 1/3rd of the global demand.  Manufacturing comprise roughly 46.6 percent of the GDP. With the government, relaxing some of the restrictions on private investments and ownership has caused an increase in industries.  Military operations must be aware of the manufacturing areas and ensure not to disrupt them.

Oil/Gas

Olvana is the world’s largest oil importer.  It comes from a pipeline in the north and is brought by ships to the ports.  Olvana has a very large oil infrastructure that produces approximately 10,155,000 barrels of crude a day.  The country must import oil to meet the demand in the country, which is equivalent to 960,000 barrels a day of oil to remain functioning. There has been exploration done in the contested South China Sea to locate more oil but there has been limited success.

Military operations in the area must ensure that oil is imported to support the economy and citizens of the country to ensure development during and post hostilities.

Olvana has been producing the most natural gas that it has in the past 40 years and it still does not meet the demand in the country.  There are two main pipelines that natural gas in from neighboring countries.  The shift to cleaner burning fuels is done in response moving away from coal to decrease the air pollution.  The neighboring countries have the ability to shut off the pipelines in the event hostilities.

Defense Industries

The defense industry in Olvana is growing with the recent opening of the defense industry to commercial investors. This defense industry exports aircraft, tankers, air defense equipment, weapons, ammunition, and munitions to developing nations.  The sales serve both commercial and strategic purposes.  Olvana is currently developing a laboratory complex to further research and development of military capabilities.  The Olvana Defense Minister recently sealed a deal for an Olvanese arms factory to build a production and maintenance facility for Olvanese weapons in Belesia.

Nuclear

Olvana has a nuclear power program and possesses nuclear weapons.  They currently have 30 nuclear power plants that produce approximately 2 percent of the nation’s power.  All of the nuclear plants have been built in the past 20 years and are presumed to be safe. The country has not signed any nuclear non-proliferation or destruction treaties.  Olvana is believed to possess approximately 500 nuclear warheads. There is an extensive unground network of tunnels throughout the country where the warheads and missiles are stored to protect them from attack from aircraft, artillery and missiles.

Space

Olvana has been has been actively pursuing its space program.  It currently has 23 satellites for communications and navigation purposes in orbit.  They have been advancing their rocket program as delivery vehicles for their satellites. They are also currently working on developing a space station.

Pollution

Olvana faces a wide range of pollution issues to include air pollution, ground water contamination, and pollution of lakes and rivers.  Much of the pollution stems from the lack of environmental regulation and the industrial boom in the late 20th century.   With the government, running all the industry during that time there was little concern for the environment.  Air pollution especially in the major cities is among the worst in the world.  The use of coal to heat buildings and provide power has created a smog level that is the intolerable.  The main pollutants from the industrial sector are from heavy metals (lead, mercury, chromium). Olvana has taken an aggressive stance on reducing the pollution throughout the country and has improved air quality by over 30 percent in the past 10 years.  The government is actively enforcing antipollution and environmental regulations.

Summary

The Olvana infrastructure is modern and continues to improve as the urbanization continues. Significant emphasis is placed on the modernizing of the infrastructure in the past 20 years. Olvana has a state of the art mass transit system.  The Olvanese government continues to subsidize the mass transit system to increase ridership and decrease congestion on the roads and air pollution.  Airports range from large international airports that can handle almost any aircraft currently in production to small-unimproved dirt strips.  Seaports are modern and can handle all modern cargo vessels. The country recently suffered from high levels of pollution in the urban areas and the government has made policies to combat pollution in urban environments.  Air pollution has improved significantly but ground and water pollution are still way above acceptable western levels.